Motility Disorders after Roux-en-Y Gastrojejunostomy

About 30% of patients who have a Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy after gastrectomy suffer from abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting of food and bloating made worse by eating. This syndrome, called the Roux stasis syndrome, is caused, in part, by a motility disorder of the Roux limb. Transection of the jejunum during the construction of the limb separates the limb from the natural small intestinal pacemaker located in the duodenum. Ectopic pacemakers then appear in the limb and trigger retrograde contractions in its proximal portion. These contractions slow transit through the limb and result in Roux stasis. Current nonsurgical treatment of the syndrome includes the use of prokinetic agents and intestinal pacing, neither of which has demonstrated long-term benefits. A near-total gastrectomy may speed upper gastrointestinal transit somewhat, but stasis in the Roux limb often persists. Our current approach aims at preventing the syndrome by the use of an ‘uncut’ Roux limb, an operation which preserves myoneural continuity between the duodenal pacemaker and the Roux limb and so prevents the appearance of ectopic pacemakers and stasis in the limb.     

根治性全胃切除术后uncut Roux-en-Y吻合的应用研究

摘要：目的  探讨uncut Roux-en-Y吻合技术在根治性全胃切除术后消化道重建中的安全性和疗效。方法  回顾性分析163例因胃癌行根治性全胃切除患者的临床资料。根据不同的消化道重建方法分为uncut组和Roux组,比较两组患者的消化道重建时间、术后近远期并发症情况、术后12个月的单餐进食量、预后营养指数（PNI）、Visick分级指数。结果  ①两组消化道重建时间比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,uncut组短于Roux组;②两组术后近期吻合口并发症、术后倾倒综合症、反流性食管炎发病情况比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）;③Roux滞留综合症（RSS）发病情况比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,uncut组较Roux组降低;④两组PNI变化趋势不同,术后12个月PNI比较差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,术后12个月uncut组PNI高于Roux组。术后12个月VisickⅠ、Ⅱ级患者比例及单餐进食量达术前80%的患者比例,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,uncut组优于Roux组。结论  uncut吻合不增加手术风险、操作难度及术后吻合口并发症,但在改善患者进食、营养状况,减少RSS并发症方面具有优势,具有临床推广价值。

     

腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术行非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合119例分析

目的 分析腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合临床特点、术后并发症分布情况。方法 回顾性分析吉林大学第一医院胃结直肠外科自2015年1月至2016年4月收治的共119例行腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术非离断式 Roux-en-Y吻合病例资料,行相关临床观察并对术后并发症进行统计学分析。结果 并发症总发生率为9.7%,围手术期胃液pH值监测均＜7.0,上消化道造影见输出袢蠕动良好,无造影剂淤滞或反流,无胃瘫综合征出现,术后6 d及3个月30 min造影剂完全排空比例分别为73.1%、82.7%;术后3个月反酸和残胃炎占比分别为6.7%和32.4%。结论 非离断式 Roux-en-Y吻合可有效地改善毕Ⅱ式吻合的碱性反流并预防Roux-en-Y淤滞综合征,是一种安全可行的消化道重建方式,建议在临床中推广。     

Teflon buttress inhibits recanalization of uncut stapled bowel

The uncut Roux limb operation is designed to have the benefits of a Roux limb but still have electrical continuity from proximal to distal bowel, thus eliminating the risk of Roux stasis syndrome. The main complication has been recanalization of the uncut staple line leading to bile reflux. This study aims to employ a new technique, which will not allow recanalization of an uncut staple line but will not interfere with normal bowel myoelectric activity. Fourteen mongrel dogs, 25 to 35 kg, underwent a midline laparotomy under general anesthesia. An uncut staple line was placed 25 cm from the ligament of Treitz. In seven animals an uncut staple line alone was placed, and in the other seven animals the bowel was stapled between a sandwich of Teflon reinforcing strips such that the staples were held on both sides of the bowel by the Teflon. A jejunojejunostomy was placed 6 cm proximal to the staple line. Insulated bipolar electrical leads were placed around the staple line. After the electrical leads were monitored 2 days to 3 months postoperatively for bowel myoelectric activity, the animals were killed and the operative sites inspected. No animal suffered morbidity or mortality from the procedure. All seven unreinforced staple lines recanalized and all seven reinforced staple lines remained competent. The duodenal pacemaker potentials were transmitted through the staple line in five animals (3 controls and 2 with Teflon reinforcement) within 1 week postoperatively. The uncut staple line does not reliably transmit the duodenal pacemaker potentials. The staple line does not recanalize when it is reinforced with a permanent material, increasing the utility of the “uncut” Roux limb operation. Supported by Ethicon Endosurgery and W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Presented at the Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract and the SSAT/Ross Conference, May 1997, Washington, D.C.     

全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中基于V-Loc缝线改良非离断式Roux-en-Y重建7例报告

目的 探讨基于V-Loc缝线改良非离断式Roux-en-Y重建术在全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中应用的安全性和可行性。方法 回顾性分析北京大学肿瘤医院胃肠肿瘤中心2014年10月至2015年1月对7例胃癌病人行全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术后,实施基于V-Loc缝线改良的非离断式Roux-en-Y重建术的术中及术后资料。结果 7例病人均成功实施全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术及基于V-Loc改良的非离断式Roux-en-Y重建术,无一例中转开放或腹腔镜辅助手术。手术时间（212.6±20.8）min,重建时间（51.6±5.3）min,中位出血量30 mL。术后排气时间（3.1±0.9）d,术后中位住院时间为9d。1例病人术后出现胃瘫,经保守治疗后恢复,未见无其他并发症。结论 在全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中应用基于V-Loc改良的非离断式Roux-en-Y重建术是安全、可行的。     

胃癌根治术后3种胃肠道重建术式的治疗效果及并发症的比较

目的 比较胃癌根治术后3种重建术式的治疗效果及并发症情况。方法 选择194例胃癌根治术患者,根据胃肠道重建方式分为U-RY组（Uncut Roux-en-Y吻合）69例、BⅠ组（Billroth-Ⅰ式改良三角吻合）65例、BⅡ+Braun组（Billroth-Ⅱ式+Braun吻合）60例,采用倾向性评分匹配对3组基本资料进行匹配,比较3组手术和术后恢复情况、肠道屏障功能[二胺氧化酶（DAO）、D-乳酸、内毒素（ETX）]、炎症应激[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-10、8-异-前列腺素F2α(8-iso-PGF2α)、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)]及并发症情况。结果 倾向性评分匹配前,3组患者性别、年龄分布不均衡（P<0.05）,匹配后,194例患者中配对成功147例,每组49例,3组患者一般资料比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;BⅠ组、BⅡ+Braun组及U-RY组手术时间依次增加（P<0.05）;BⅠ组术中出血量和术后肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排气、拔管、进食、首次排便、住院时间短于BⅡ+Braun组和U-RY组（P<0.05）,BⅡ+Braun组和U-RY...     

腹腔镜uncut Roux-en-Y吻合与传统吻合方式的研究进展

随着胃癌患者术后5年生存率的提高,患者对获得更好的术后生活质量的要求也不断提高,这与手术中消化道重建的方式有关,目前腹腔镜手术的应用已被多数普外科医生接受,但消化道重建的选择方式尚未统一。传统的3种吻合方式各有其优缺点,但共同弊端是会影响患者术后的生存质量。Uncut Roux-en-Y吻合术能够阻断肠道消化液返流,同时保持完整的肠道电生理,患者术后并发症少,将可能成为最理想的消化道重建方式。现就腹腔镜uncut Roux-en-Y吻合与传统吻合方式对胃癌患者术后生活质量的影响进行综述,分析各种吻合方式的优缺点。     

非离断式Roux—en—Y吻合在远端胃癌根治术后消化道重建中的应用

目的评价非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合用于远端胃癌根治术后消化道重建的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2005年3月至2008年3月间天津医科大学肿瘤医院行远端胃癌根治术且有完整随访资料的419例患者．根据其不同的消化道重建方式分为：UncutRY组（非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合）127例,BI组（BillrothI式）138例,M—BⅡ组（改良BillrothII式）108例,RY组（Roux—en-Y吻合）46例。结果UncutRY组患者手术时间[（132．6±19．2）min]和术后住院时间[（10．4±1．2）d]较RY组[（142．5±11．7）min和（12．1±3．7）d]缩短（P〈0．05）;术后反流性胃炎发生率（3．2％,4／127）较BI组（24．6％,34／138,P〈0．05）和M．BII组（25．9％,28／108,P〈0．05）下降;吻合口溃疡发生率（0／127）较M—BⅡ组（4．6％,5／108,P〈0．05）下降;Roux-en-Y潴留综合征（RSS）发生率（0／127）较RY组（17．4％,8／46,P〈0．05）下降。结论非离断式Roux．en．Y在保留传统Roux—en—Y术式减少碱性反流优点的同时．克服了RSS的弊病,是胃大部切除术后理想的消化道重建术式。     

Estimation of Minimum Uncut Chip Thickness during Precision and Micro-Machining Processes of Various Materials—A Critical Review

Evaluation of the phenomena characterizing the chip decohesion process during cutting is still a current problem in relation to precision, ultra-precision, and micro-machining processes of construction materials. The reliable estimation of minimum uncut chip thickness is an especially challenging task since it directly affects the machining process dynamics and formation of a surface topography. Therefore, in this work a critical review of the recent studies concerning the determination of minimum uncut chip thickness during precision, ultra-precision, and micro-cutting is presented. The first part of paper covers a characterization of the precision, ultra-precision, and micro-cutting processes. In the second part, the analytical, experimental, and numerical methods for minimum uncut chip thickness estimation are presented in detail. Finally, a summary of the research results for minimum uncut chip thickness estimation is presented, together with conclusions and a determination of further research directions.     

Uncut Esophagojejunostomy with Double Jejunal Pouch: An Alternative Reconstruction Method that Improves the Quality of Life of Patients after Total Gastrectomy

Background: Currently, there is no optimal digestive tract reconstruction technique well recognized by scholars after total gastrectomy. In this study, a new reconstruction method, which is modified from the classic Roux-en-Y procedure, an uncut jejunal esophageal anastomosis with double jejunal pouch (UJEA-DJP) was established, and its advantages for improving the quality of life of patients who undergo total gastrectomy were analyzed. Methods: Altogether 160 patients with gastric cancer enrolled in our center from September 2009 to March 2012 received radical D2 total gastrectomy. According to the reconstruction methods used, these patients were divided into three groups: UJEA-DJP (n = 63), Roux-en-Y (n = 45), and P-loop with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy (P-RY; n = 52). The operation time for reconstruction, complications, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and the Visick classification among the three groups were analyzed. Results: We found that UJEA-DJP has advantages over Roux-en-Y and P-RY regarding the time of digestive tract reconstruction, incidence rates for long-term complications, postoperative nutritional index, body weight recovery, and the Visick classification for subjective feelings (p < .05). Conclusions: The UJEA-DJP surgical procedure has the advantages of intestinal continuity and double-pouch construction, which can significantly reduce long-term complications and improve the long-term quality of life of patients after surgical procedure.