Simultaneous Determination of Six Compounds in Rat Plasma by Ultra‑Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Application in the Pharmacokinetic Study of Qing Gan‑Shu Yu‑Fang

A rapid and high selective ultra?performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of six compounds including albiflorin, paeoniflorin, picroside I, picroside II, saikosaponin A, and saikosaponin D in rat plasma was developed and validated using butyl p-hydroxybenzoate as an internal standard. One-step direct protein precipitation with acetonitrile was used to extract the compounds from the rat plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved using an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, using gradient mode containing 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile were used as the Mobile phase A and B. Electrospray ionization in negative ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring were used to identify and quantify active components. Calibration curves showed good linearity (R2 > 0.9908) over a wide concentration range for all compounds. The intra- and interday precision (relative standard deviation) ranged 2.4%–7.0% and 2.6%–8.0%, respectively. The accuracy (relative error) was from ?13.0% to 13.2% at all quality control levels. The recovery ranged from 81.1% to 92.5%. The validated method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration of Qing Gan?Shu Yu?Fang. The results show that one can draw a conclusion that these six active ingredients can be quickly absorbed and play a pharmacodynamic role rapidly in vivo.     

All roads lead to Rome-a review of the potential mechanisms by which exerkines exhibit neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease

Age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)have become a critical public health issue due to the significantly extended human lifespan,leading to considerable economic and social burdens.Traditional therapies for AD such as medicine and surgery remain ineffective,impractical,and expensive.Many studies have shown that a variety of bioactive substances released by physical exercise(called“exerkines”)help to maintain and improve the normal functions of the brain in terms of cognition,emotion,and psychomotor coordination.Increasing evidence suggests that exerkines may exert beneficial effects in AD as well.This review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of exerkines in AD,focusing on the underlying molecular mechanism and the dynamic expression of exerkines after physical exercise.The findings described in this review will help direct research into novel targets for the treatment of AD and develop customized exercise therapy for individuals of different ages,genders,and health conditions.     

Estate Investment Trusts,以

ness58-60F832.49;F293.3J145;J159;J162;15;22;23;245;J;J162_22;J162_23;J145_15;J159_245;丁锴;0004001100030005;56-58税收筹划的经济学分析朱荣喜;上海视野经济研究所 税收筹划项目经理、注册会计师税收筹划是企业利润管理的重要手段,是企业财务管理行为和政府政策之间的最佳结合点,其经济学意义重大。一、税收筹划存在     

应激性高血糖对急性心肌梗死预后的影响

急性心肌梗死(AMI)由于突然发生严重的心肌缺血和梗死,可以激发全身应激反应,其中应激性高血糖(stress hyperglycaemia,SHG)是影响AMI预后的一个重要因素[1],本文旨在探讨AMI时SHG与梗死面积的关系及其对预后的影响.     

ㄊ⒚挥凶詈蟮纳笈?便不存在永恒。

夏爱雪,秋爱露。冬占有了世界,那是多么美富的世界啊!然它很烦闷,因为它看不见一朵花。到不可忍耐的时候,冬把它的所有让给了0散文诗4I227.9F08353F;F083_53高长虹;1怀念叶子花盛; 甘肃临潭县石门梁家坡学校,1 花开花落,我飞翔的双翼如凋零的花瓣,轻轻地被风送回地面。潮起潮     

人参二醇组皂甙对精索静脉曲张大鼠的保护作用及其机制

把56只成年Wistar大鼠分为如下3组:①精索静脉曲张组(VG)30只;②精索静脉曲张人参二醇组皂甙组(VPG)8只;③假手术组(SOG)18只。实验结果表明,人参二醇组皂甙可显著提高精索静脉曲张大鼠睾丸ACE活力并降低睾丸LPO含量,但3组动物睾丸的SOD水平无明显差异。作者认为人参二醇组皂甙可能是通过减少LPO产生以提高ACE活力,从而实现对精索静脉曲张大鼠的保护作用。     

山东省正常?少年儿童X线头影测量的Steiner分析

目的：建立山东省正常?少年儿童X线头影测量Steiner分析法的均值和标准差,并研究其颅面结构的性别差异、地域差异及增龄性变化。方法：按正常?标准选择156名山东省正常?少年儿童,拍摄X线头颅定位侧位片，采用Steiner分析法进行定点及测量，进行男女间，替牙期与恒牙初期之间的比较。并与哈尔滨和广州地区恒牙初期儿童正常值比较。结果：得到了山东省正常?少年儿童Steiner分析法的正常值;女性下颌骨整体有后缩趋势,男性从替牙期到恒牙初期?平面倾斜度变缓；与哈尔滨人相比，山东人的上颌相对前突；而与广州人相比，广州人的双颌更加前突。结论：用Steiner分析法测得的正常值男女间、替牙期与恒牙期之间均存在差别，不同地区人群头影测量值也存在差别。     

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目的 探讨先天性心脏病(CHD)患儿肺动脉高压(PH)形成的影响因素.方法 研究对象均为2003-06-2005-02于北京大学深圳医院收集病例,以健康者30名为对照组(A组),以肺动脉压正常和并发PH的左向右分流的CHD患儿各30例为观察组(B组、C组).以高效液相色谱法、硝酸还原法及放射免疫法测定其血清精氨酸(L-Arg)、一氧化氮(NO)、血浆内皮素(ET-1)的浓度.结果 血清L-Arg浓度对照组(A组)为(72.00±18.01)nmol/mL,肺动脉压正常的患儿(B组)为(30.74±8.97)nmol/mL,伴PH的患儿(C组)为(23.51±12.37)nmol/mL.血清NO浓度A组为(76.10±17.10)nmol/mL,B组(90.55±26.57)nmol/mL,C组(60.05±17.60)nmol/mL.血浆ET-1浓度A组(50.82±7.58)pg/mL,B组(64.90±16.28)pg/mL,C组(69.64±10.66)pg/mL.结论 血清NO浓度和血浆ET-1浓度及其之间的平衡关系共同影响PH的形成及其程度.血浆ET-1浓度的升高是肺动脉压升高的直接因素,血清NO浓度的降低是间接因素,而血清NO浓度降低是由血清L-Arg浓度的降低引起.