Moclobemide and specific serotonin re-uptake inhibitor combination treatment of resistant anxiety and depressive disorders

This retrospective study was undertaken with the objective of determining how effective and safe moclobemide, a specific and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-A (RIMA), is when used in combination with specific serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), in a clinical setting. A thorough chart review was done of all patients with affective and anxiety disorders seen at our centre who received combination treatment with moclobemide and an SSRI. Combination moclobemide-SSRI treatment demonstrated good efficacy in treating treatment-resistant patients. The combination treatment was well tolerated with very few drug interactions. Dosages should be started low, titrated slowly and carefully, and patients should be monitored closely.     

米氮平与舍曲林治疗抑郁症伴有焦虑疗效比较

目的 :比较米氮平与舍曲林对抑郁症伴焦虑的疗效及其安全性。方法 :1 1 1例抑郁症分为 2组。米氮平组 56例 [男性 30例 ,女性 2 6例 ,年龄(39±s 1 3)a,本次抑郁病期 (3± 5)mo]予米氮平30～ 45mg ,po,qd;舍曲林组 55例 [男性 2 9例 ,女性 2 6例 ,年龄 (40± 1 2 )a,本次抑郁症病期 (4± 4)mo]予舍曲林 50～ 1 0 0mg,po,qd;均 6wk为一个疗程。结果 :对抑郁症状的治疗 ,米氮平组显效率73 % ,舍曲林组显效率 67% ,疗效差异无显著意义(P >0 .0 5) ;对焦虑症状的治疗 ,米氮平组显效率79 % ,舍曲林组显效率 44 % ,疗效差异有显著意义(P <0 .0 5)。整体药物不良反应发生率 2组相当。结论 :米氮平与舍曲林是安全有效的治疗抑郁症的药物 ,但抗焦虑作用米氮平优于舍曲林     

The pharmacokinetics of sertraline in overdose and the effect of activated charcoal

Aims

To investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of sertraline in overdose and the effect of single dose activated charcoal (SDAC).

Methods

Patients presenting to a toxicology unit with sertraline overdoses had demographic and clinical information recorded, and serial serum collected for measurement of sertraline concentrations. Monolix® version 4.2 was used to develop a population PK model of sertraline overdose and the effect of SDAC. Uncertainty in dose time was accounted for by shifting dose time using lag time with between subject variability (BSV). BSV on relative fraction absorbed was used to model uncertainty in dose.

Results

There were 77 timed sertraline concentrations measured in 28 patients with sertraline overdoses with a median dose of 1550 mg (250–5000 mg). SDAC was given to seven patients between 1.5 and 4 h post-overdose. A one compartment model with lag time of 1 h and first order input and elimination adequately described the data. Including BSV on both lag time and relative fraction absorbed improved the model. The population PK parameter estimates for absorption rate constant, volume of distribution and clearance were 0.895 h⁻¹, 5340 l and 130 l h⁻¹, respectively. The calculated half-life of sertraline following overdose was 28 h (IQR 19.4−30.6h). When given up to 4 h post-overdose, SDAC significantly increased the clearance of sertraline by a factor of 1.9, decreased the area under the curve and decreased the maximum plasma concentration (C_max).

Conclusions

Sertraline had linear kinetics in overdose with parameter values similar to those in therapeutic use. SDAC is effective in increasing clearance when given 1.5 to 4 h post-overdose.     

舍曲林与氯米帕明治疗强迫症对照观察

目的：探讨舍曲林与氯米帕明治疗强迫症的临床疗效和安全性。方法将62例强迫症患者随机分为两组,分别给予舍曲林、氯米帕明治疗,观察8周。采用耶鲁‐布朗强迫量表、副反应量表评定临床疗效及不良反应。结果治疗2周末起两组耶鲁‐布朗强迫量表评分均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0．01）,同期两组比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。两组总有效率比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）,舍曲林组不良反应发生率显著低于氯米帕明组（P＜0．01）。结论舍曲林治疗强迫症疗效显著,与氯米帕明相当,但舍曲林安全性高。     

麒麟丸联合舍曲林治疗继发性肾气不固型早泄临床观察

目的:观察麒麟丸联合舍曲林治疗继发性肾气不固型早泄的临床疗效。方法:将2012年7月至2013年12月男科门诊120例继发性肾气不固型早泄患者随机均分为A组、B组和C组,年龄分别为(35.5±5.4)岁、(36.2±5.7)岁和(35.2±5.3)岁(P0.05)。A组给予麒麟丸每次6 g,每天分早晚两次口服;B组给予舍曲林每次50 mg,1次/d口服;C组给予麒麟丸每次6 g,每天分早晚两次口服,联合舍曲林每次50 mg,1次/d口服。3组均4周为1个疗程。分别于治疗前、治疗结束后及停药1个月观察射精潜伏期(IELT)、早泄诊断标准评分(PEDT)变化。结果:3组患者IELF治疗前分别为(0.88±0.45)、(0.84±0.47)、(0.85±0.50)min,治疗后分别为(3.23±1.84)、(3.87±2.43)、(5.92±3.11)min,停药1个月后分别为(1.85±1.27)、(1.52±1.06)、(4.26±1.88)min。治疗后IELT均较治疗前改善(P0.01);3组间比较,C组改善程度更为明显,优于其他两组(P0.01)。3组患者PEDT评分治疗前分别为(13.2±3.2)、(12.8±3.1)、(13.1±3.4)分,治疗后分别为(5.1±1.8)、(4.9±1.7)、(3.8±1.2)分,停药1个月后分别为(8.2±2.4)、(8.1±2.4)、(6.5±2.1)分。治疗后PEDT评分均较治疗前改善(P0.01);3组间比较C组改善程度更为明显,优于其他两组(P0.01)。结论:麒麟丸联合舍曲林治疗继发性肾气不固型早泄疗效确切,值得临床推广应用。     

Pharmacotherapy for the treatment of depression in patients with alzheimer’s disease: a treatment-resistant depressive disorder

Introduction: Pharmacotherapy for the treatment of depressive disorders in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) represents a clinical challenge. pharmacological options are often attempted after a period of watchful waiting (8–12 weeks). monoaminergic antidepressant drugs have shown only modest or null clinical benefits, maybe because the etiology of depressive symptoms in ad patients is fundamentally different from that of nondemented subjects.

Areas covered: The following article looks at the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline, which is one of the most frequently studied antidepressant medications in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). It also discusses many other pharmacological approaches that have proven to be inadequate (antipsychotics, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, anticonvulsants, hormone replacement therapy) and new drug classes (mainly affecting glutamate transmission) that are being studied for treating depression in AD. It also gives discussion to the phase II RCT on the alternative drug S47445 and the potential effect on cognition of the multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine in older depressed patients. Finally, it discusses the N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist ketamine.

Expert opinion: The present RCT methodologies are too disparate to draw firm conclusions. Future studies are required to identify effective and multimodal pharmacological treatments that efficiently treat depression in AD. Genotyping may boost antidepressant treatment success.     

Comparison of the safety and efficacy of the on-demand use of sertraline,dapoxetine, and daily use of sertraline in the treatment of patients with lifelong premature ejaculation: A prospective randomised study

This study compared the safety and efficacy of the on-demand (OD) use of sertraline (50 mg), sertraline (100 mg) and dapoxetine (30 mg), and the daily use of sertraline (50 mg) in the treatment of patients with premature ejaculation (PE). This prospective randomised study involved 120 lifelong PE patients (intravaginal ejaculatory latency time [IELT]: <1 min; Arabic Index of Premature Ejaculation [AIPE] score: < 30) without secondary causes of PE, identified between March 2018 and May 2020. Patients were divided into 4 groups (30 patients per group) and treated for 8 weeks. Assessments were conducted using the AIPE form as a diagnostic tool. Sertraline (50 mg, daily; 196.7 ± 115.5 s) and sertraline (100 mg, OD; 173.3 ± 97.0 s) had similar IELT and AIPE scores. The latter groups had better results in comparison with sertraline (50 mg, OD; 100.5 ± 54.4 s) and dapoxetine (93.7 ± 53.5 s; p < 0.01). Sertraline (100 mg, OD) had a similar efficacy to that of sertraline (50 mg, daily) and was more effective than sertraline (50 mg, OD) and dapoxetine (30 mg, OD). Sertraline (100 mg, OD) can be considered in the treatment of lifelong PE treatment, having tolerable side effects.