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1.
使用新型倒刺电极的骶神经调节治疗神经源性膀胱的初步临床结果 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的探讨应用新型倒刺电极(Tined-lead)对神经源性膀胱患者行S骶神经调节(SNM)的初步疗效。方法对5例神经源性膀胱患者采用新型倒刺电极,在X线监测下将电极植入S3骶神经孔,进行SNM。术前、术后详细记录排尿日记,用影像尿动力学方法评估患者的膀胱尿道功能。结果患者1(隐性骶裂)术后排尿次数和排尿量分别改善22%和49%;患者2(隐性骶裂)术后排尿次数、排尿量和残余尿量分别改善0.7%、11%和46%;患者3(隐性骶裂)术后排尿次数、排尿量和残余尿量分别改善0.4%、18%和44%。患者4(脑外伤)术后漏尿次数和漏尿量分别改善36%和54%。患者5(高位截瘫)术后间歇导尿次数和导尿量分别改善42%和54%,尿动力学参数改善37%~45%。结论用新型倒刺电极进行SNM为神经源性膀胱的治疗提供了一条新的可供选择的微创方法。 相似文献
2.
In vivo Intracellular Recording of Neurons in the Supraoptic Nucleus of the Rat Hypothalamus 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
R. E. J. Dyball J-G. Tasker J-P. Wuarin F. E. Dudek 《Journal of neuroendocrinology》1991,3(4):383-386
Intracellular recordings were made from cells in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus in the urethane-anaesthetized male rat using the ventral surgical approach. Impalements lasted from 5 min to 1 h and recorded cells had an input resistance of 55 to 170 megohms. Spikes of over 50 mV were recorded from 14 cells which could be antidromically activated by stimulation of the neural stalk. The spikes showed a hyperpolarizing afterpotential and the broadening characteristic of rapidly firing magnocellular neurons, which recovered rapidly (<200 ms). When depolarized, the cells showed evidence of a transient potassium current. Recurrent synaptic coupling between the recorded cell and adjacent cells would be expected to alter the hyperpolarizing afterpotential of an antidromic spike as compared with a spontaneous spike; no perceptible difference in the waveforms of the different types of spike could be detected in 11 spontaneously active cells. Application of just subthreshold stimuli to the neural stalk did not evoke depolarizing or hyperpolarizing potentials. Suprathreshold shocks to the neural stalk, when the antidromic spike was prevented by collision, also had no discernible effect on membrane potential. Thus intracellular recordings from magnocellular neurons in vivo revealed electrophysiological properties similar to those seen in vitro. No evidence for synaptic interconnection between magnocellular neurons was found in male rats. 相似文献
3.
Using the whole-cell configuration of the patch clamp technique, calcium-activated potassium currents (IK,Ca) were investigated in ramified murine brain macrophages. In order to induce IK,Ca the intracellular concentration of nominal free Ca2+ was adjusted to 1μM. The Ca2+-activated K+ current of brain macrophages did not show any voltage dependence at test potentials between –120 and +30mV. A tenfold change
in extracellular K+ concentration shifted the reversal potential of IK,Ca by 51mV. The bee venom toxin apamin applied at concentrations of up to 1μM did not affect IK,Ca. Ca2+-activated K+ currents of ramified brain macrophages were highly sensitive to extracellularly applied charybdotoxin (CTX). The half-maximal
effective concentration of CTX was calculated to be 4.3nM. In contrast to CTX, the scorpion toxin kaliotoxin did not inhibit
IK,Ca at concentrations between 1 and 50nM. Tetraethylammonium (TEA) blocked 8.0% of IK,Ca at a concentration of 1mM, whereas 31.4% of current was blocked by 10mM TEA. Several inorganic polyvalent cations were tested
at a concentration of 2mM for their ability to block IK,Ca. La3+ reduced IK,Ca by 72.8%, whereas Cd2+ decreased IK,Ca by 17.4%; in contrast, Ni2+ did not have any effect on IK,Ca. Ba2+ applied at a concentration of 1mM reduced IK,Ca voltage-dependently at hyperpolarizing potentials.
Received: 17 January / Accepted: 5 May 1997 相似文献
4.
The electrodeposition of Ag on Pt(100)-(1 × 1) in perchlorate electrolyte was studied by means of time-resolved in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and cyclic voltammetry. One monolayer of Ag is deposited underpotentially (upd) ca. 500 mV positive of the Ag+/Ag equilibrium potential. Several millivolts positive of the equilibrium potential, a second well defined upd layer forms. Its growth was observed to proceed via island formation and coalescence. This process occurs in two separate stages that manifest themselves in voltammetric peaks as well as in the STM images. 相似文献
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6.
报道52倒6个类型植物神经癫痫,重点分析了脑电图的变化,脑电图异常率100%,69.4%的病例出现两侧阵发性4~7Hzθ节律及6和14Hz阳性棘波,提示中线深部有功能紊乱,亦支持丘脑及脑干部有病变。此外蝶骨电极能提高脑电图对本病的阳性诊断率,值得采用。本文证明脑电图对植物神经性癫痫与非癫痫的鉴别诊断,具有肯定的价值。 相似文献
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N. C. Harris S. A. Greenfield 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》1991,3(2):89-98
Summary Intracellular recordings were made from substantia nigra pars compacta neurones in vitro from animals with partial unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal tract. Lesions were assessed and grouped according to the severity of the strital dopamine depletion. No differences were seen between neurones from control and lesioned side nigrae as regards their membrane properties, firing rates, burst activity or percentage of quiescent neurones in any of the lesioned categories. It is concluded that following partial lesioning, the remaining substantia nigra zona compacta neurones in vitro, are functioning normally. 相似文献
9.
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a major target for treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease patients undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery. Microelectrode recording (MER) is used in many cases to identify the target nucleus. A real-time procedure for identifying the entry and exit points of the STN would improve the outcome of this targeting procedure. We used the normalized root mean square (NRMS) of a short (5 seconds) MER sampled signal and the estimated anatomical distance to target (EDT) as the basis for this procedure. Electrode tip location was defined intraoperatively by an expert neurophysiologist to be before, within, or after the STN. Data from 46 trajectories of 27 patients were used to calculate the Bayesian posterior probability of being in each of these locations, given RMS-EDT pair values. We tested our predictions on each trajectory using a bootstrapping technique, with the rest of the trajectories serving as a training set and found the error in predicting the STN entry to be (mean +/- SD) 0.18 +/- 0.84, and 0.50 +/- 0.59 mm for STN exit point, which yields a 0.30 +/- 0.28 mm deviation from the expert's target center. The simplicity and computational ease of RMS calculation, its spike sorting-independent nature and tolerance to electrode parameters of this Bayesian predictor, can lead directly to the development of a fully automated intraoperative physiological procedure for the refinement of imaging estimates of STN borders. 相似文献
10.