Eating one's words: Part III. Mentalisation‐based psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa—an outline for a treatment and training manual

This paper presents a new outline for psychotherapy with personsn with anorexia nervosa. ‘Model on mentalisation’ is the intellectual and empirical framework for this contribution. Mentalisation is defined as the ability to understand feelings, cognitions, intentions and meaning in oneself and in others. The capacity to understand oneself and others is a key determinant of self‐organisation and affect regulation, and is acquired in early attachment relationships. Impaired mentalisation is documented and described as a central psychopathological feature in anorexia nervosa. Psychotherapeutic enterprise with individuals with compromised mentalising capacity should be an activity that is specifically focused on the rehabilitation of this function, with special emphasis on how the body is representing mental states. The paper describes psychotherapeutic goals, stances and techniques. It is intended that this outline will be further developed into manuals as a basis for therapy, training and research. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.     

《麦克白》主人公的悲剧心理

《麦克白》在现代莎评中自身几乎转换成了充满原型的心理悲剧，它在女巫、鬼魂、超自然因素及阴暗的色彩等笼罩下充分展示悲剧主人公的潜意识心理及其极力保持心灵内外对统一的平衡的努力；主人公本我狂野的欲望及其在事后的病态心理表现正是他们意识内外失控的心态，犹如进入黑夜的漫长旅程。     

对某高校肺结核患者的心理分析与疏导

目的 探讨肺结核患者的心理特征及相应的心理疏导方法.方法 采用追踪访问方法,对56例确诊肺结核患者进行交谈、观察,分析出不同的心理状态及相应的疏导方法.结果 肺结核患者有焦虑紧张心理21例,占37.5 %,为各种心理问题的首位;其次为抑郁孤独心理18例,占32.1 %;其他患者不同程度地存在着怨恨发泄、意志脆弱、轻视疾病心理和乐观心理.对患者采取有针对性的心理疏导措施,保证了短程督导化疗方案的有效落实,全部临床治愈.结论 肺结核患者的心理疏导对促进患者的治愈有重要意义.     

用明尼苏达多项人格类型调查表测查咽异感症

［目的］探讨日本研制的咽异感症评分表的实用性［方法］用 ＭＭＰＩ测查５２例咽异感症患者 与３５例健康对照组,并用日本研制的咽异感症评分表对５２例咽异感症患者逐一进行评分,然后计算 ＭＭＰＩ每一量表分数与咽异感症评分表分数之间的相关系数,探讨彼此之间的相关性,确定是否用日本 研制的咽异感症评分表测查的咽异感症的分数,估计患者的心理状况及病态心理［结果］ ＭＭＰＩ测查 结果,咽异秆症患者Ｈｓ,Ｄ,Ｈｙ,Ｐａ,Ｓｃ量表分数与对照组之间具有非常显著性差异,Ｍｆ量表患者与对照 组之间有显著性差异咽异感症患者的ＭＭＰＩ诸量表之间具有广泛的相关性,其中ＨＳ,Ｄ,Ｐｔ量表与其 他量表之间的相关性更高日本咽异感症评分表测查分数与咽异感症患者的ＭＭＰＩ诸量表之间只有与 Ｐｔ,Ｓｃ, Ｐｄ量表具有相关性．［结论］日本咽异感症评分表分数与咽异感症患者群中,只能大致估计患者 的 Ｐｔ,Ｓｃ量表分数的情况,不适合估计咽异感症其他病态心理类型的分数,故咽异感症评分表测查得出 的分数具有片面性,应慎用．     

Art as subjective solution: a Lacanian theory of art therapy

Lacanian psychoanalysis is not frequently mentioned in discussions of art therapy. Yet its premises offer intriguing possibilities for art therapists. Lacan was engaged with art and artists and often turns to artworks in his essays and seminars, not only as illustration for psychoanalytical concepts but also as sources of new knowledge for psychoanalysis. Lacanian psychoanalysis also highlights the inherent link between creativity and solutions individuals find for their suffering, as do theories of art therapy. This article proceeds upon the recognition that the fields of art therapy and Freudian-Lacanian psychoanalysis, especially in its consideration of creativity and the arts, have much to offer one another. Combining theories of expressive therapies and Lacanian psychoanalysis, this article works towards a systematic articulation of a Lacanian theory of art therapy.     

What it Means to Bleed: An Exploration of Young Women's Experiences of Menarche and Menstruation

As a topic of psychoanalytic inquiry, menstruation is surprisingly absent from psychoanalytic literature: menstruation as a part of female psychosexual development is in need of further empirical exploration. The research uses semi‐structured interviews with six young women to explore individual experiences of the menarche and menstruation. The data is analysed using narrative and thematic analysis and interpretations, made within a (broadly classical) psychoanalytic frame, drive the results. In this condensed version of the research, three central findings will be discussed: (1) the role of mother in negotiating the menarche; (2) the difficulty of irregular periods and the fear that something internal has ‘gone wrong’; (3) the link to ideas of mess, dirt and shame, potentially reflective of feelings about sexuality. The research concludes that menstruation is an area worthy of careful psychoanalytic consideration in theory and in clinical practice.     

Intergenerational Transmission of Influence and Family Pattern: Some French Perspectives

French psychoanalysis offers a wide range of studies on the problems of intergenerational transmission within families. In this paper I focus on four authors whose work, though important, has remained largely untranslated. The paper studies Serge Lebovici's emphasis on ‘fantasmatic interactions’ and Alain de Mijolla's reflection on ‘unconscious identification’ and strives to understand how Claude Nachin and Serge Tisseron, two followers of Nicolas Abraham and Maria Torok, have presented and developed further ideas of ‘the phantom’ and ‘the crypt’. I try to place the debate within its French context and argue for its relevance in presenting building blocks of understanding in an important area of concern to psychoanalysis.     

Skin and the Non‐Human Human: Transformation and Reversal in Titian's The Flaying of Marsyas

The article puts forward an aesthetic and psychoanalytic analysis of Titian's painting, The Flaying of Marsyas, arguing that the painting is a reflection on the human subject as a being constituted by skin and by a core of non‐humanity. The analysis is partly an answer to Melanie Hart's (2007) article ‘Visualizing the mind: Looking at Titian's Flaying of Marsyas', addressing features of the painting not commented on by Hart, and supplementing Hart's (Kleinian) theoretical frame by involving Didier Anzieu's ‘skin ego’, Slavoj Zizek's concept of the ‘non‐human’, Giorgio Agamben's term of the ‘Muselmann’, and Anton Ehrenzweig's psychoanalytic theory of artistic creation. Whereas Hart is focusing on form and colour, I also turn my attention towards the texture of the painting.     

The Mother,The Psychoanalyst,The Poet and The Artist: Containment and Growth of The Mind

This paper considers the difficulties which humans have in using and developing their capacity for thought. Growth of the human mind, through attunement of the mother's unconscious experience with the infant's, is explored along with the distortions which arise because of aversion to uncertainty and suffering. It then looks at psychoanalysis and the verbal and visual arts in the light of the maternal function, and the way in which they also promote the growth of the mind. Four products of the human mind – an excerpt from an infant observation published in 1998, some post‐Kleinian psychoanalytic clinical case material from the 1980s, John Keats's 19th century Ode to a Nightingale and Lucas Cranach's 1526 painting, Adam and Eve – are used to illustrate some of the similarities and differences among them in giving conscious form to the unconscious.     

Alcohol,Tobacco, Illicit Drugs,and Sex: An Analysis of Risky Behaviors among Young Adults

The most critical unresolved issue associated with psychoanalysis is whether its core precepts belong in today's substance use armamentarium. Psychoanalytic theories have resisted the criterion of falsifiability, putting them at odds with the current paradigm for treating addiction. However, Freud's earliest pronouncement on the subject, “making the patient a collaborator in his own treatment” (i.e., therapeutic alliance) not only holds up to scientific scrutiny, but is a robust determinant in improving treatment outcomes. Psychoanalytic constructs today appear as conjectures, but recognition of the primacy of the collaborative therapeutic relationship is one example of how psychoanalytic observations have influenced current research.