Tyrosine hydroxylase and methionine-enkephalin in the human mesencephalon. Immunocytochemical localization and relationships

The immunocytochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and methionine-enkephalin (met-enkephalin) was determined at two representative caudal and rostral levels of the human mesencephalon. Four main groups of catecholaminergic neurons were delineated, situated in the substantia nigra and the lateral, ventromedial and dorsomedial tegmentum, extending over several cytoarchitectonic divisions. They matched fairly well the dopaminergic cell groups described in monkey midbrain. TH-like immunoreactivity and neuromelanin were closely related in neurons of substantia nigra, but less so in the other groups. A widespread met-enkephalinergic innervation was observed in most areas containing catecholaminergic neurons. It followed a characteristic pattern: homogeneous and very dense in the lateral and posterior portions of substantia nigra; patchy and less dense in the other areas, the medio-ventral and periaqueductal gray being only sparsely innervated, in contrast to observations in rodents. Dopaminergic cell bodies surrounded by met-enkephalinergic varicosities were seen in most groups, particularly in the lateral substantia nigra and medioventral tegmentum. The topography of met-enkephali-like immunoreactive terminals in the substantia nigra was reminiscent of the distribution of neostriatal and pallidal afferents.     

炭疽杆菌保护性抗原基因芯片探针的制备

目的快速制备炭疽杆菌保护性抗原基因芯片探针。方法根据PubMed上公布的炭疽杆菌保护性抗原的DNA序列设计引物,扩增保护性抗原基因。利用酶切、AT克隆方法快速分析筛选出保护性抗原基因片段的重组子,从而制备成芯片探针。DNA自动分析仪对克隆片段进行序列测定,生物信息学软件对其基因序列进行分析。结果根据炭疽杆菌保护性抗原设计的引物,可以扩增出长2 205 bp的保护性抗原基因,经酶切、AT克隆方法筛选出约7个长度不一的片段,对其片段进行序列测定并进行Blast序列比对得知这些片段均属于炭疽杆菌保护性抗原基因。结论利用PCR扩增产物并结合酶切、AT克隆方法可以快速、简便地制备基因芯片探针。     

正确书写病案首页对提高电子病历质量的作用

目的规范病案首页的填写,提高电子病历质量。方法对我院病案首页填写存在的问题进行总结分析,提出改进措施。结果通过对病案首页书写存在的问题及时反馈和整改,为规范医疗文书书写起到了促进作用。结论加强病历首页正确书写,是提高电子病历质量的重要环节。     

正确书写病案首页对提高电子病历质量的作用

目的规范病案首页的填写,提高电子病历质量。方法对我院病案首页填写存在的问题进行总结分析,提出改进措施。结果通过对病案首页书写存在的问题及时反馈和整改,为规范医疗文书书写起到了促进作用。结论加强病历首页正确书写,是提高电子病历质量的重要环节.