延期妊娠并发羊水过少对母婴的影响96例临床观察

目的 探讨延期妊娠并发羊水过少对母婴的影响。方法 采用回顾性分析方法,对延期妊娠分娩的产妇羊水正常组244例及羊水过少组96例进行对比分析。结果 羊水过少组中羊水Ⅱ度以上粪染、胎盘成熟Ⅲ^ 级及胎盘钙化、胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息率、产后出血率及剖宫产率明显高于羊水正常组。结论 羊水过少是胎儿宫内慢性缺氧最敏感的特异性指标,无论是延期妊娠还是过期妊娠一经确珍,应积极引产,估计短时间内不能分娩,宜行剖宫产结束妊娠。     

羊水过少围产儿345例预后及分娩方式探讨

目的：探讨改善羊水过少围产儿预后,降低死亡率的终止妊娠方法。方法：抽取１９８８年３月～１９６６年１月间住院分娩产妇９４７２例,其中羊水过少３４５例,发生率３．６５％。对３４５例羊水过少围产儿预后及分娩方式进行探讨。结果：３４５例羊水过少,经阴分娩１５３例,剖宫产１９２例,剖宫产率为５５．６５％。胎儿窘迫１４３例（４１．２％）,新生儿窒息１８５例（５３．６％）,新生儿死亡１４例（４．１％）。对照组５００例,肥儿窘迫３４例（６．８％）,新生儿窒息３４例（６．８％）,新生儿死亡４例（０．８％）,两组相比羊水过少围产儿发病率显著升高（Ｐ〈０．０５,Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：羊水过少胎儿窘迫,新生儿窒息及死亡率均高,适时剖宫产能改善围产儿预后。     

饮水疗法治疗晚期妊娠羊水过少的疗效分析

目的探讨饮水疗法治疗羊水过少的临床效果。方法选择羊水过少的晚期妊娠100例,随机分为两组,均服用丹参片,研究组除日常饮水外,每天2h内饮水2L,对照组则日常饮水。测量研究组饮水前、饮水5d后和对照组最大羊水池(AFV)、羊水指数(AFI)及血液流变学指标的变化。结果研究组饮水后AFV、AFI明显升高,与饮水前及对照组比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.01);饮水后血液粘滞度显著下降(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论饮水疗法治疗羊水过少简便有效。     

妊娠晚期绝对羊水过少阴道分娩的分娩结局与护理对策

目的通过对67例妊娠晚期绝对羊水过少孕妇阴道分娩结局的分析，总结该类孕妇分娩期的护理措施。方法对67例妊娠晚期绝对羊水过少孕妇病例进行回顾性分析，分娩前充分的评估，确定胎儿的储备，根据宫颈条件不同，采取不同的分娩方式，第一产程严密产程观察，注意孕妇体能的储备，及时处理异常，密切注意胎心的变化，破水后采取有利的体位，减少羊水的流出，并与同时期正常妊娠孕妇67例进行比较。结果67例孕妇均顺利分娩，且得到了良好的分娩结局。结论对妊娠晚期绝对羊水过少孕妇分娩前充分评估，严密产程观察，可以得到良好分娩结局，可明显降低剖宫产率。     

Is there any relationship between adverse pregnancy outcome and first trimester nuchal translucency measurements in normal karyotype fetuses?

Aim: This study aims to research whether there is a relationship between first trimester nuchal translucency (NT) measurements and pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational hypertension (GHT), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and oligohydramnios.

Method: This study included 225 singleton pregnancies attending Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic for all monitoring and examinations, and gave birth at our clinic between January 2011 and December 2012. Data sources were clinical records and the hospital's automation system, and the study was planned as retrospective cohort. NT measurement was made between 10 weeks 3 days and 13 weeks 6 days gestation. For data analysis, the chi-square, Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman correlation were used.

Results: Of pregnancies, in the study, 5 (2.2%) developed GDM, 6 (2.6%) developed GHT, 2 (0.89%) developed IUGR and 10 (4.4%) developed oligohydramnios. There was no correlation identified between NT measurements and development of GDM, GHT, IUGR and oligohydramnios.

Conclusion: There was no relationship found between first trimester NT measurements and complications that could develop in pregnancy. For the first time in the literature, NT and oligohydramnios were studied and no relationship was observed.     

Does the level of amniotic fluid have an effect on the accuracy of sonographic estimated fetal weight at term?

Objective: Controversy exists concerning the impact of amniotic fluid index (AFI) on the accuracy of sonographic estimation of fetal weight (EFW). Thus, we aimed to evaluate whether differences in AFI has an influence on the accuracy of sonographic EFW.

Methods: All term, singleton pregnancies which underwent a sonographic EFW and measurement of AFI within a week from delivery were included. Cases were stratified into three categories according to AFI: (1) Normal AFI (51–249?mm), (2) Oligohydramnios (AFI?≤?50?mm) and (3) Polyhydramnios (AFI?≥?250?mm). Inaccurate EFW was defined if there was more than 15% difference between sonographic EFW and actual birthweight.

Results: Overall, 1746 pregnancies were identified (1096 with normal AFI, 455 with oligohydramnios and 195 with polyhydramnios). Mean AFI was 115.8?±?60?mm, 28.1?±?13?mm and 293?±?35?mm, p?<?0.001, and mean sonographic EFW was 3182.5?±?573?g, 3118.8?±?517?g and 3713.2?±?461?g, p?<?0.001, respectively. Demographic data and gestational age at delivery were similar. Mean birthweight was 3221.7?±?535?g, 3132.5?±?505?g and 3654.1?±?480?g, p?<?0.001, respectively. The rate of inaccurate EFW was similar between the groups (8.4%, 8.7% and 9.7%, p?=?0.19, respectively). On multivariate analysis, AFI was not associated with EFW inaccuracy (OR 1.01, 95% C.I 0.67–1.54, p?=?0.93).

Conclusion: AFI has limited impact on the percentage of errors in sonographic fetal weight estimation a week prior delivery.     

羊水过少与妊娠并发症的相关性及对围生儿的影响

目的：探析孕妇羊水过少对妊娠并发症与围生儿的影响。方法选取2012年7月—2014年7月在我院接受治疗的羊水过少产妇84例作为观察组,同时选取84例羊水量正常的在我院分娩的产妇作为对照组,对比两组产妇妊娠并发症、围生期婴儿情况。结果观察组产妇的围生儿出现胎内窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息以及围生儿死亡的例数均显著高于对照组,对比差异显著,具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;同时,在观察组羊水过少的84例孕妇中,伴有妊娠并发症者49例显著高于对照组伴有妊娠并发症者8例,且观察组胎儿生长受限、过期妊娠、妊娠高血压、胎儿畸形以及其他并发症的发生情况均显著高于对照组,组间对比有明显差异,具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论羊水过少严重影响着产妇妊娠并发症的发生、围生儿的健康状况。也就是说,羊水过少,妊娠并发症的发生率越高。     

羊膜腔灌注对足月孤立羊水过少产妇分娩结局的影响

 目的 探究羊膜腔灌注对足月孤立羊水过少产妇分娩结局的影响。方法 本研究为回顾性研究,选择2017-01至2019-01北京妇产医院产科93例足月孤立羊水过少经腹羊膜腔灌注后引产患者作为灌注组,取同期135例足月孤立羊水过少产妇未接受羊膜腔灌注而直接引产为对照组,比较两组分娩结局。结果 灌注组与对照组一般情况如年龄、孕次、产次、分娩孕周及羊水指数等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。灌注组中14例中转剖宫产手术, 剖宫产率15.0%;对照组中40例中转剖宫产,剖宫产率29.6%,灌注组剖宫产率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。灌注组与对照组比较,产后出血量[(352.58±163.05)ml vs. (353.78±99.09)ml]、胎儿窘迫发生率(25.8% vs. 34.1%)、羊水Ⅲ度粪染发生率(19.4% vs. 24.4%)、新生儿窒息率(1.1% vs. 4.4%)均无统计学差异。结论 羊膜腔灌注可降低足月羊水过少产妇剖宫产率,不增加并发症发生率,提高产科质量。     

水通道蛋白-8和 Caspase3在胎盘组织中的表达及与羊水过少的相关性研究

目的：探讨水通道蛋白-8（ AQP8）和凋亡蛋白Caspase3在正常羊水量产妇和羊水过少产妇胎盘中的表达差异。方法采用免疫组化方法（ SP法）分别检测30例正常羊水量和30例羊水过少产妇胎盘组织中AQP8和Caspase3的蛋白表达水平,并对这两种蛋白的表达强度行半定量分析。结果 AQP8和Caspase3蛋白在两组产妇的胎盘中均有阳性表达。羊水过少组胎盘中的AQP8蛋白表达水平明显低于正常对照组（t＝2．86,P＜0．05）,Caspase3的表达却明显高于对照组（t＝4．08,P＜0．05）,而两者的表达差异均有统计学意义。同时AQP8与Caspase3在羊水正常组无相关性关系（r＝0．12,P＞0．05）,而在羊水过少组胎盘滋养细胞中的表达却呈负相关（ r＝-0．62,P＜0．05）。结论羊水过少孕妇胎盘中AQP8蛋白的低表达与Caspase3蛋白的高表达,提示AQP8和Caspase3在产妇胎盘中的异常表达可能是羊水过少发生的原因之一。