Off-pump resection of a coronary arterial fistula using the Harmonic Scalpel

Off-pump surgery was performed in a patient with post-infarction angina complicated with aneurysmal coronary-pulmonary arterial fistula. Epicardial echocardiography localized the artery feeding the fistula in the myocardium, which had not been revealed by visual inspection, palpation, or transesophageal echocardiography. The patient underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting concomitant with aneurysmectomy. The feeding arteries were dissected easily using a Harmonic Scalpel and ligated. The flow in the aneurysm disappeared immediately and aneurysmectomy was performed without bleeding.     

Use of an aortic connector system for vein grafting

OBJECTIVE: The aortic connector system was used to minimize cerebrovascular complications when performing the proximal anastomosis of vein grafts during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The goal of this study was to investigate the intermediate outcomes of patients undergoing CABG with the aortic connector system. METHODS: The aortic connector was used on nine patients undergoing CABG between November 2002 and July 2003. Intermediate outcomes of the patients were examined, and the results of coronary angiography, which were performed before patient discharge and at least 6 months after discharge, were evaluated. RESULTS: There were no operative deaths or cerebrovascular accidents. One patient died 9 months after discharge, one patient had angina, and the remaining seven patients were asymptomatic. When evaluating the results of angiography performed before patient discharge, two of the 21 distal vein graft anastomoses were occluded (patency rate, 90.5%), but there was no stenosis or occlusion at the proximal anastomoses sites that were performed using the aortic connector. When evaluating the results of the second angiography performed after patient discharge, four of the eight proximal anastomoses were patent, one was completely occluded, two had 90% stenosis and one had 75% stenosis. Further, four of the 18 distal anastomoses were occluded (patency rate, 77.8%). There was no significant difference in graft flow or device size when comparing patients with patent vein grafts and those with stenotic or occluded vein grafts. CONCLUSION: Intermediate outcomes of vein grafting using the aortic connector were suboptimal. Long-term outcome data are forthcoming.     

Left thoracotomy approach in reoperative off-pump coronary revascularization

Objective: Reoperative coronary bypass grafting is at high risk. Particularly in redo cases where the patent graft is running near the midline of the sternum, the graft may be exposed to injury by a median sternotomy and subsequent dissection. Whereas, off-pump bypass grafting from the left axillary artery or descending thoracic artery by a left thoracotomy approach is safe for preventing graft damage.Methods: From March 1998 to February 2002, we performed off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting by a left thoracotomy approach in 9 patients. The left axillary artery was used as the inflow vessel in 4 cases, and the descending thoracic, aorta in 5.Results: The radial artery was anastomosed proximally to the axillary artery in 4 cases and the descending thoracic aorta in one case. The saphenous vein graft was anastomosed, proximally to the descending thoracic aorta in 4 cases. Transdiaphragmatic minimally invasive bypass grafting for the right coronary artery was simultaneously performed in 3 cases. Postoperative cardiac events were ventricular arrhythmia in 6 cases and supraventricular arrhythmia in 3 cases. There was no damage to the patent grafts. Postoperative coronary angiography performed, in 8 cases revealed all the grafts to be patent without stenosis. Cardiac symptoms were not found after the operation in any of the cases.Conclusions: These procedures can prevent the injury to patent grafts caused by a median sternotomy, and will be one of the useful strategies for reoperative off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.     

血液回收对非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植患者红细胞和血液粘度的影响

目的观察血液回收技术对非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植患者红细胞、血小板和血液粘度的影响。方法2005年8月~2007年10月间,共完成46例非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术,随机分为实验组(血液回收组)和对照组(不使用血液回收机组),每组23例。观察两组用血液制品的数量和术后24h的引流量,比较两组术前和术后24h的红细胞计数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血小板计数、低切全血粘度和高切全血粘度。结果实验组用浓缩红细胞和血浆的量明显少于对照组,两组术后24h引流量、术前和术后24h的红细胞计数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血小板计数、低切全血粘度和高切全血粘度之间的差异无显著性意义。结论血液回收技术在非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植患者中能减少输血,对红细胞、血小板和血液粘度无不利影响。     

Comparative study of graft flow between on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease

Objective： To Comparatively study grafts flow between on-pump and off-pump coronary bypass surgery for patients with triple coronary artery disease. Methods ： The grafts flow was studied in 100 patients of OPCAB and compared with 100 cases of CCABG by means of Medi-Stim Butterfly Flowmeter measurement intraoperatively. Results： The mean number of the distal anastomosis was 3.78＋ 1.11 in CCABG group, and 3.83 ＋ 0.93 in OPCAB group. The index of completeness of revascularization in CCABG group was 1.01 ＋ 0.08, and 1.10＋ 0.09 in OPCAB group. The flow of grafts was satisfied in all patients. The PI values were all under 5. There was no significant difference in the mean graft flow and PI value between two groups. Conclusion： OPCAB can provide the same grafts flow and similar completeness of revascularization when compared with CCABG which indicates the similar anastomosis quality of grafts in OPCAB and CCABG groups.     

高血压和2型糖尿病对心脏搭桥术后早期心率变异性影响程度的探讨

目的：探究行非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术（off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting,OPCABG）患者围术期心率变异性（heart rate variability,HRV）的变化趋势,以及高血压和（或）2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM）因素对这种趋势的影响程度。方法：回顾性研究2020年12月至2022年3月因冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病需要行OPCABG的521名患者住院期间的基线资料与围手术期7 d动态心电图记录的相关指标来反映HRV的早期改变。根据患者既往是否患有高血压和（或）T2DM将患者分为A、B、C、D 4组：A组（患有高血压合并T2DM,n=118）、B组（单纯患有高血压,n=183）、C组（单纯患有T2DM,n=81）、D组（既往无高血压且无T2DM,n=139）。对521名患者行独立样本t检验,观察患者行OPCABG围术期全部窦性心搏RR间期的标准差（standard deviation of NN intervals,SDNN）与相邻正常心动周期差值的均方的平方根（root-mean-squa...     

冠状动脉旁路移植术后心绞痛复发患者冠状动脉造影特点分析

目的:总结冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)后心绞痛复发患者桥血管造影特点,分析桥血管病变及危险因素。方法:分析CABG术后心绞痛复发的患者430例冠状动脉造影(CAG)结果,按病变情况分为桥血管病变组253例和开通组177例,考察桥血管病变类型、桥血管病变时长、病变部位,靶血管直径等对其影响,并对其影响因素进行分析。结果:(1)左内乳动脉-前降支(LIMA)、大隐静脉-靶血管(SVG)及桡动脉-靶血管(RA)的病变率和闭塞率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(2)LIMA体部病变率高于SVG,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但远端吻合口病变率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)靶血管直径≥2.0mm与直径<2.0mm病变组LIMA及SVG病变率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。1~5年组,6~10年组SVG病变率高于LIMA,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病、脂蛋白a[LP(a)]和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)是SVG病变发生的危险因素,而高密度脂蛋白(HDL)为其保护因素。结论:靶血管直径≥2.0mm,SVG患者行CABG术中应用体外循环者及序贯吻合术式者桥血管病变率会偏高。     

不停跳冠脉搭桥病人心率变异性的变化

目的 探讨不停跳冠脉搭桥病人麻醉和手术过程中自主神经系统功能的变化。方法 选择40例择期不停跳冠脉搭桥病人，采用芬太尼、咪唑安定、哌库溴铵及心血管活性药物等对病人实施麻醉；应用心率变异性(HRV)分析法对该组病例术中不同阶段的心率变异性改变进行分析。结果 麻醉诱导后LF、HF、LF/HF、TP显著降低，气管插管后各阶段除LF/HF外均显著升高，而LF/HF在整个手术过程中无明显变化。结论 不停跳冠脉搭桥手术中，伤害刺激可导致心率变异性升高，而LF/H术中无明显改变，表明本组麻醉中的镇痛成分已满足手术要求。     

机器人非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术:7年单中心的经验与桥血管通畅性长期随访

目的 探讨机器人冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的远期疗效.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月-2014年11月240例接受机器人辅助非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术患者的临床资料,其中男187例,女53例,平均年龄59岁,全机器人冠状动脉旁路移植术(TECAB)100例,机器人乳内动脉游离+胸壁小切口冠状动脉旁路移植术(MIDCAB) 140例.术后每6个月采用冠状动脉造影或64排CT血管造影技术评估桥血管通畅性.结果 所有患者均未转为正中开胸或体外循环,共包括237例单侧乳内动脉(IMA)游离和3例双侧IMA游离,无手术死亡.24例(10％)使用杂交技术.术后随访41.1±12.9个月,无死亡、中风或心肌梗死发生.术后随访3年(最长时间91个月)的结果显示,TECAB组IMA移植通畅率为97.1％,MIDCAB组IMA移植通畅率为96.4％.结论 机器人辅助的非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术对于特定患者是安全、有效的,乳内动脉桥可以保持良好的远期通畅率.