五味子中1个新的联苯环辛烯类木脂素

目的 研究中药五味子Schisandra chinensis的木脂素类化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、中压反相柱色谱、半制备和制备液相对五味子中富含木脂素类成分的石油醚萃取部位进行分离、纯化,通过波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从五味子中分离得到了26个化合物,分别鉴定为绿叶五味子素B(1)、sphaerandrin A(2)、sieverlignan E(3)、arisanschinin G(4)、widdaranalF(5)、戈米辛A(6)、戈米辛B(7)、戈米辛D(8)、戈米辛G(9)、(-)-戈米辛K1(10)、(+)-戈米辛K2(11)、(-)-戈米辛L₁(12)、(+)-戈米辛M1(13)、戈米辛N(14)、当归酰戈米辛H(15)、当归酰戈米辛O(16)、当归酰戈米辛Q(17)、苯甲酰戈米辛Q(18)、五味子醇甲(19)、五味子甲素(20)、五味子乙素(21)、五味子丙素(22)、五味子酯丙(23)、neglschisandrin E(24)、7(18)-dehydroschisandro A(25)、安五脂素(26),其中24个为联苯环辛烯类木脂素(...     

杜仲化学成分、药理作用和临床应用研究进展

杜仲Eucommia ulmoides是我国特有的珍稀濒危二类保护植物,其皮、叶、雄花和种子均具有药用价值和食用价值。化学成分研究发现杜仲不同部位（皮、叶、雄花、种子）主要有木脂素类、环烯醚萜类、黄酮类、苯丙素类、萜类和甾体类等成分,具有抗骨质疏松、抗炎、神经保护、降血压、降血糖、调血脂、免疫调节、抗菌、抗病毒等药理作用,广泛应用在医药、保健食品、饲料添加剂及日化用品等多个领域。通过对2000年1月—2022年12月在中国知网（CNKI）和PubMed数据库中发表的杜仲文献进行检索,共检索到相关文献1772篇,其中有效文献188篇。综述了杜仲在化学成分、药理作用、临床研究和开发应用方面的研究进展,为后续杜仲的临床应用及相关产品开发提供参考。     

Cytotoxic constituents from the roots ofAnthriscus sylvestris

Activity-guided fractionation of the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris resulted in the isolation and characterization of five cytotoxic compounds, deoxypodophyllotoxin (1), falcarindiol (2), and angeloyl podophyllotoxin (5) from the hexane soluble fraction and morelensin (3), bursehernin (4) from the chloroform soluble fraction. It is the first report of the occurrence of compound 5 in nature.     

The synthesis of multiply 13C‐labelled plant and mammalian lignans as internal standards for LC‐MS and GC‐MS analysis

The syntheses of multiply ¹³C‐labelled derivatives of the two mammalian lignans, enterolactone and enterodiol, and two of their plant lignan precursors, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol, are described. Three ¹³C atoms were incorporated into each lignan using potassium [¹³C]cyanide as the source for all of the ¹³C atoms. The compounds were prepared for use as internal standards in the LC‐MS and GC‐MS analysis of lignans. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Box-Benhnken试验设计优化五味子木脂素提取工艺

目的 利用Box-Benhnken响应曲面试验设计对五味子中木脂素成分进行超声提取工艺研究.方法 根据Box-Benhnken设计原理,以五味子中总木脂素得率为响应值,分析超声提取过程中各因素及其交互作用,以及对五味子总木脂素得率的影响.结果 五味子中木脂素最佳超声提取条件为以纯甲醇为溶媒,液料比55 mL/g,超声提取时间35 min.在此试验条件下,五味子中木脂素得率可达5.49％.结论 本实验所建立的数学模型极显著(P＜0.01),可用于对五味子中木脂素超声提取工艺研究.     

川楝子的化学成分、药理作用及其毒性研究进展

川楝子作为传统中药,广泛应用于驱虫,是天然的杀虫剂。川楝子化学成分丰富,主要含有柠檬苦素型三萜、木脂素、黄酮、甾体、有机酸等成分,其具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗菌、消炎镇痛、抗病毒、驱虫等广泛的药理作用,但由于川楝子有肝毒性、妊娠毒性等使其应用受到一定的限制。对川楝子的化学成分、药理作用和毒性研究进展进行综述,为其进一步的开发研究和临床应用提供科学依据。     

Podophyllum hexandrum Offers Radioprotection by Modulating Free Radical Flux: Role of Aryl-Tetralin Lignans

We have evaluated the effect of variation in aryl-tetralin lignans on the radioprotective properties of Podophyllum hexandrum. Two fractionated fractions of P. hexandrum [methanolic (S1) and chloroform fractions (S2)], with varying aryl-tetralin lignan content were utilized for the present study. The peroxyl ion scavenging potentials of S1 and S2 were found to be comparable [i.e. 45.88% (S1) and 41% (S2)] after a 48 h interval in a time-dependent study, whereas in a 2 h study, S2 exhibited significant (P < 0.05) antioxidant activity in different metal ion + flux states. In the aqueous phase, S2 exhibited non-site-specific reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, i.e. 73.12% inhibition at 500 mug ml(-1). S1 exhibited 58.40 +/- 0.8% inhibition (at 0.025 mug ml(-1)) of the formation of reactive nitrite radicals, comparable to S2 (52.45 +/- 0.825%), and also showed 45.01% site-specific activity (1000 mug ml(-1)), along with significant (P < 0.05) electron donation potential (50-2000 mug ml(-1)) compared to S2. Such activities of S1 could be attributed to the significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of podophyllotoxin beta-d-glucopyranoside (16.5 times) and demethyl podophyllotoxin glucoside (2.9 times) compared with S2. Together, these findings clearly prove that aryl-tetralin lignan content influences the radiation protective potential of the Podophyllum fractions to a great extent.     

铁线莲属植物的化学成分研究进展

笔者对毛茛科铁线莲属植物化学成分研究进行了综述。铁线莲属植物化学成分比较复杂,化学结构类型包括三萜、黄酮、木脂素、香豆素、生物碱、挥发油、甾体、有机酸、大环化合物及酚类等,其中三萜皂苷、黄酮、木脂素是主要的结构类型。铁线莲属植物中的三萜皂苷主要为齐墩果酸型和常春藤皂苷元型,其中大部分为苷元的3位和28位均连有糖链的双糖链苷,只有少数为苷元的3位或28位接糖链的单糖链苷,有些皂苷的糖链上还有乙酰基(Ac)、咖啡酰基(CA)、异阿魏酰基(IF)、对甲氧基桂皮酰基(MC)和3,4-二甲氧基桂皮酰基(DMC)等取代基。其中的黄酮按结构类型可分为黄酮(苷)、黄酮醇(苷)、二氢黄酮(苷)、异黄酮(苷)和酮,既有氧糖苷,也有碳糖苷,其苷元主要为芹菜素、山柰酚、木犀草素和槲皮素。该属植物中的木脂素有Eupomtene型、环木脂素、单环氧木脂素、双环氧木脂素和木脂内酯。铁线莲属植物资源广泛,目前尚有必要进一步拓展其研究范围,以便更好地对其进行开发利用。     

大青叶的化学成分研究

目的：对十字花科植物菘蓝Isatis indigotica Fort.叶的化学成分进行研究。方法：大青叶的干燥叶用80%乙醇提取,依次用石油醚,醋酸乙酯,正丁醇萃取,对醋酸乙酯部分采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20, Rp-8, Rp-18柱色谱进行分离纯化,通过波谱数据分析(MS,¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR)进行结构鉴定。结论：从醋酸乙酯部分分离鉴定了11个化合物,其中5个生物碱,2个芳香酸,2个木脂素,2个黄酮。分别鉴定为：10H-indolo［3,2-b］quinoline(1),靛玉红(2),4(3H)-喹唑酮(3),(E)-3-(3′,5′-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-indolinone(4),deoxyvascinone(5),苯甲酸(6),邻羟基苯甲酸(7),(-)-落叶松脂素(8),(+)-异落叶松树脂醇(9),异牡荆素(10),6-β-D-glucopyranosyldiosmetin(11)。其中化合物1,4,5,8,9,11为首次从大青叶中分离得到。     

Sources of Phytoestrogen Exposure among Non-Asian Women in California, USA

Objective: We recently described the development of a comprehensive database for assessing phytoestrogen exposure in epidemiologic studies [1]. This paper describes the first application of this database and the primary sources of phytoestrogen consumption in non-Asian women. Methods: Four hundred and forty-seven randomly selected African-American, Latina, and white women, ages 50 79 years, residing in California's San Francisco Bay Area and participating as controls in an ongoing population-based case-control study of breast cancer, were included in the present analysis. Average daily consumption of each of seven phytoestrogenic compounds was determined for each woman by combining the values from the new database with food consumption reported on a food-frequency questionnaire. Results: Phytoestrogens in the non-Asian Bay Area diet appear to come primarily from: (1) traditional soy-based foods (e.g. tofu and soy milk); (2) "hidden" sources of soy (e.g. foods containing added soy protein is concentrate, or soy flour, e.g. many brands of doughnuts and white bread); and (3) a variety of foods which contain only low to moderate amounts of phytoestrogens per 100 grams but which are frequently consumed (e.g. coffee and orange juice). Conclusions: In the absence of a comprehensive assessment of various phytoestrogens in a wide variety of foods, epidemiologic studies could suffer from the effects of uncontrolled confounding by unmeasured sources of phytoestrogen exposure potentially leading to biased estimates of effect and misinterpretation of findings.