User experiences with second-generation 32-gauge × 4 mm vs. thinner comparator pen needles: prospective randomized trial

Abstract

Objective

Two similarly designed studies compared user experiences with a second-generation extra-thin-wall, 5-bevel 32?G?×?4?mm pen needle (PN) with redesigned hub versus four thinner commercially available PNs.     

Cannabis and driving: A new perspective

Cannabis and driving is an emerging injury‐prevention concern. The incidence of driving while affected by cannabis is rising in parallel with increased cannabis use in the community. Younger drivers are at particular risk. Improvements in research methodology, technology and laboratory testing methods have occurred in the last 10 years. These cast doubt on earlier results and conclusions. Studies now show that cannabis has a significant impairing effect on driving when used alone and that this effect is exaggerated when combined with alcohol. Of particular concern is the presence of cannabis as the sole psychoactive drug in an increasing number of road fatalities and the lack of any structural response to this problem. A review of testing methods, laboratory and real driving studies, and recent epidemiological studies is presented. Suggestions for methods of further data collection and future public policy are made.     

5339例创伤患者创伤及死亡特点分析

目的　探讨创伤患者创伤及死亡特点。方法　回顾性分析 1996年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 12月我院收治 5 3 3 9例创伤患者的临床资料。结果　 5 3 3 9例创伤患者中男性 3 910例 ,女性 14 2 9例 ,平均受伤年龄 (3 5 3± 3 3 7)岁 ,2 0～ 2 9岁占 64 19%。治愈好转5 168例 ,死亡 47例 ,3 1例死于重型、特重型颅脑损伤。结论　创伤的高危人群为青壮年 ,且男性多于女性 ,交通事故是本组创伤的第一位原因。把创伤的预防与控制作为一项政府工程 ,加强宣传和教育 ,改善交通状况等均对创伤的预防与控制有重要意义     

Preventing accidental injury to young children in the home using volunteers

Accidental injury in the home is a major cause of death andill-health among young children. Reducing home safety hazardsby the use of safety devices such as stair barriers and safetytaps has the potential to prevent home injuries. Little is knownabout levels of home safety hazards or how to encourage parentsto reduce hazards. The Safe Place Project examined parents'knowledge of home safety and the prevalence of safety hazardsin homes where there were young children. The study also evaluatedthe effectiveness of a low-cost strategy aimed at reducing homesafety hazards. The strategy used trained volunteers to providehome safety checks and tailored safety education in conjunctionwith increasing the availability of home safety devices. Onehundred and six families with young children participated inthe project. Some homes contained many hazards, with 43% ofthe sample having more than 10 home safety hazards. At follow-up,the intervention group showed a significant reduction in homehazards and a trend towards an increase in knowledge of homesafety.     

道路交通事故损伤20825例法医临床学分析

目的拟找出道路交通事故损伤的一般规律和特征。方法通过对本省交警总队统计的 2 0 82 5例交通事故损伤 (文中不含铁路 ,简称交通事故 )进行分析。结果男性为多 ,青年人最多。损伤主要属于钝器伤 ,致残方式以撞击、碾压、摔跌和刮擦多见 ,发案时间以冬季多见。结论本组资料分析 ,交通事故总体呈上升趋势 ,颅脑损伤检查在法医临床学中居重要地位 ,颅脑损伤的某些特征能反映交通事故的特点 ,常为推断交通事故致伤情况提供一些重要证据。     

Prediction of Remission of Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Motor Vehicle Accident Victims

One hundred forty five individuals who sought medical attention as a result of a motor vehicle accident (MVA), and who were initially assessed 1 to 4 months post-MVA, were followed up prospectively for 6 months to determine how many of the 55 with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the 43 with sub-syndromal PTSD would remit and what variables would predict remission. Thirty (55%) of those with initial PTSD had remitted at least in part by 6 months while 67% of those with sub-syndromal PTSD had remitted (and 5% had worsened). Four variables, including severity of initial symptoms, degree of initial physical injury, relative degree of physical recovery by 4 months and whether a close family member suffered a trauma during the follow-up interval, combined to classify 6-month clinical status of 84% of those with initial PTSD secondary to MVAs.     

低位直肠癌保肛手术后发生吻合口漏的原因及处理

目的：探讨低位直肠癌保肛术后吻合口漏的原因及合理有效的防治方法。方法：对我院近10年来出现的低位直肠癌全系膜切除低位吻合手术后吻合口漏的发生及治疗情况进行回顾性分析。对吻合口漏的患者采用手术及保守治疗（骶前双腔管冲洗引流加肛管引流）。结果：共行低位保肛手术348例,术后发生吻合口漏11例,吻合口漏的发生率为3.2%。患者的年龄、吻合技术和肿瘤组织学分型与吻合口漏的发生无关。而患者的性别、肿瘤的大小与吻合口漏的发生密切相关（P〈0.05）。11例患者中有3例行手术治疗（HA手术）,8例采用保守治疗后均痊愈出院,吻合口漏发生至出院时间平均为10～15d。结论：充分的术前准备和良好的吻合技术是防止吻合口漏发生的关键。正确判断吻合口漏的发生及采用正确的处理方法是治疗的前提,双腔引流管加肛管引流是保守治疗吻合口漏的有效方法。     

Product-Related Home Accidents in Children: A Survey of 1590 Accidents

ABSTRACT. In a well defined geographical area a total of 1590 accidents related to home products in children 0–15 years of age were prospectively registered. The incidence of product-related accidents was 279 per 10 000 children per year. A higher incidence in boys and a decreasing incidence of accidents with age was found. The most common localization of lesions was upper extremities 41% and face and skull 30%. In children 0–4 years of age household and child furniture, constructional features of the house and corrosives, hot liquids and heating equipment were the most common products causing accidents, whereas in children 5–15 years of age playthings and sports equipment as well as constructional features of the house were involved in a higher percentage of accidents.     

车载苯胺泄漏事故造成水井污染的监测分析

2003年12月30日一辆装载7.28t苯胺的槽车从宁波开往温州的路上在甬台温高速公路温岭市境内翻车,造成5.3t左右的苯胺泄漏在高速公路旁的环境中,除少量的液体被清除外,绝大部分渗入地下,造成了水井污染.从12月31日开始我们对周围的水井开展了监测,现将监测结果分析如下: