E-cadherin在胃腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨上皮钙黏蛋白E（E-cadherin）在胃腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:收集61例我院胃腺癌组织和其癌旁正常组织的石蜡包块以及患者的临床病理资料。免疫组化法检测E-cadherin在胃腺癌组织及癌旁正常组织中的表达,通过自动化图像分析系统对结果进行定量分析,统计学分析E-cadherin的表达及其与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。结果:E-cadherin在胃癌组织表达明显低于相应的癌旁组织（P＜0.05）;E-cadherin的表达下调与胃腺癌TNM分期、分化程度和浸润深度相关（P＜0.05）,与性别、年龄、淋巴结转移无明显相关（P＞0.05）。结论:E-cadherin在胃腺癌组织中表达下调,提示E-cadherin可能在胃癌的侵袭过程中起重要作用。     

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶4和雌激素受体的表达在浸润性乳腺癌组织中的临床意义

目的 探讨丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶4(MAP2K4)在乳腺癌组织中的表达情况,并分析其表达与乳腺癌病理特征和预后以及与雌激素受体表达的相关性.方法 运用免疫组织化学SP法检测102例乳腺癌组织中MAP2K4的表达,MAP2K4在乳腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理参数之间的关系采用卡方检验.生存分析用Kaplan-Meier法和Log Rank统计检验进行分析;多因素生存分析采用Cox比例风险回归模型.MAP2K4和ER表达之间的相关性分析采用Spearman相关分析.结果 102例组织标本中MAP2K4低表达有57例(57/102,55.9%),高表达有45例(45/102,44.1%);MAP2K4的表达在乳腺癌中不同病理分级(P=0.011)中差异显著;Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,MAP2K4高表达患者的生存时间低于低表达患者(P=0.002);COX回归分析提示,MAP2K4高表达是影响乳腺癌患者预后的独立因素(P=0.009);等级相关分析显示MAP2K4的表达与雌激素(r=-0.093)无明显相关性,但MAP2K4高表达与雌激素阴性患者展示了最差的生存预后.结论 高表达MAP2K4促进了乳腺癌患者进展和不利的预后.MAP2K4高表达与雌激素阴性乳腺癌患者综合生存时间最短,提示联合检测MAP2K4和雌激素表达可以进一步精确监控乳腺癌患者预后.     

鼻腔无色素性恶性黑色素瘤的病理特征及鉴别诊断

目的：探讨鼻腔原发性无色素性恶性黑色素瘤的病理特点及其鉴别诊断。方法：对9例鼻腔无色素恶性黑色素瘤进行光镜观察，并对全部病例作免疫组化染色。结果：光镜形态以细胞形态的多形性和组织结构的多样性为主要特点，免疫组化染色S-l00蛋白、HMB45及波形蛋白的阳性率分别为100％、88．9％和77．8％。结论：鼻腔无色素性恶性黑色素瘤组织学结构的变化特点有重要意义，免疫组织化学对其诊断及与鼻腔发生的其他肿瘤的鉴别诊断有重要价值。     

p21ras和VEGF在胰腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的检测胰腺癌组织中的p21ras和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）蛋白表达情况，并探讨其与肿瘤临床病理因素的关系。方法选择48例病理证实为胰腺导管腺癌患者的手术切除石蜡切块标本，应用EnVision显色系统免疫组织化学方法进行p21ras和VEGF蛋白检测。结果胰腺癌组织中p21ras蛋白表达率为60．4％，其表达与胰腺癌患者年龄、性别、组织学类型、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移及肿瘤分期无明显火系；VEGF蛋白表达率为64.6％，其表达与肿瘤大小及TNM分期有关。p21ras表达阳性组的VEGF表达明显高于其阴性组（P〈0．05）。结论p21ras和VEGF在胰腺癌组织中均呈高表达，p21ras表达与VEGF蛋白表达有相关性，提示K-ras基因突变可上调VEGF表达。     

表皮生长因子受体和雄激素受体在人良性前列腺增生症中的免疫定位

采用免疫组织化学方法观察表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦ－Ｒ）和雄激素受体（ＡＲ）在４０例人良性前列腺增生症（ＢＰＨ）前列腺组织中的定位。结果显示：４０例中２７例（６７．５％）为ＥＧＦ－Ｒ强阳性表达，ＥＧＦ－Ｒ主要位于增生的前列腺上皮的基底层和鳞化上皮。并且，大部分分布在细胞膜上，仅少量在细胞浆内；４０例中２４例（６０％）ＡＲ为强阳性表达。ＡＲ限定于前列腺基底细胞和平滑肌细胞的细胞核内；ＥＧＦ－Ｒ和ＡＲ在同一病例中的免疫反应相一致。结果提示：ＥＧＦ－Ｒ和ＡＲ可能涉及到前列腺组织增生过程。     

Morphological Analysis for Neuron‐Like Cells in the Vomeronasal Organ of Human Fetuses at the Middle of Gestation

The vomeronasal organ (VNO) of 5‐month‐old fetuses was examined immunohistochemically by the use of an antiserum to protein gene product 9.5 (PGP). The purpose was to identify if the human fetal VNO is lined by neuroepithelium. The PGP antiserum labeled abundant cells within the vomeronasal epithelium (VE), nerve fiber bundles in its lamina propria, and cells associated with these bundles. PGP‐immunoreactive (ir) vomeronasal epithelial cells were classified into three subtypes. Type I cells, about 44% of the total cells observed, did not have any processes and tended to be located in the basal layer of the VE. Type II cells, about 37% had a single apical process that projected toward the lumen, ending at the epithelial surface. Type III cells sent a prominent process mainly toward the basement membrane, and occupied about 19% of the total cells observed. In the lamina propria, a considerable number of PGP‐ir cells was observed. Some of them were present in nerve fiber bundles and contained processes parallel to the bundles. In addition, PGP‐ir nerve fiber bundles and cells associated with them were even present in the portion of the nasal septal mucosa that was very close to the brain. The present results strongly suggested that the VE in human fetuses at mid‐gestation is a neuroepithelium and that the VE may produce migrating cells toward the brain. Anat Rec, 299:88–97, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

脂氧合酶在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨脂氧合酶（lipoxygenases,LOXs）,包括5-LOX、15-LOX-1/2在胃癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法:收集42例胃癌患者的临床资料和胃癌组织及相应的癌旁组织的石蜡包块做病理切片。免疫组化法分析5-LOX、15-LOX-1/2在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达,统计学分析两者表达的差异,及其与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。结果:5-LOX表达的阳性率在胃癌组织高于相应的癌旁组织（P＜0.05）;相反的,15-LOX-1和15-LOX-2的阳性率在胃癌组织表达低于相应的癌旁组织（P＜0.01;P＜0.01）;5-LOX与胃癌的TNM分期、淋巴结转移相关(P＜0.05);15-LOX-2与胃癌肿瘤大小、TNM分期、淋巴结转移相关(P＜0.05);15-LOX-1与胃癌临床特征未见明显相关。结论:5-LOX在胃癌组织中高表达;15-LOX-1和15-LOX-2在胃癌组织中低表达;提示LOXs在胃癌的发生发展中起作用。     

右肾多发囊实性乳头状肾细胞癌一例报道(英文)

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is one of the second common subtype among all renal carcinoma. In this paper, it aimed at a 67 years old male patient with right multifocal papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC). Histological finding concluded papillae and tubular structures covered by mild small cells with pale cytoplasm and were characterized by small oval nuclei. The neoplastic mesenchymal consists of foamy macrophages, necrosis, and cholesterol crystal. Immunohistochemically, all papillae and tubular structures express cytokeratin 7 (CK7), CD10, CK (AE1/AE3), alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase (AMACR) and EMA; but was negative for antibody S-100. All the foamy macrophages show positive reactivity for CD68. The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy and survived well six months after the operation during our follow-up.     

基于D2-40检测胰腺癌组织中淋巴管密度的价值

[目的]探讨胰腺癌组织中淋巴管密度与肿瘤恶性程度、淋巴转移的相关性。[方法]应用免疫组化方法,采用单克隆抗体D2-40检测经手术切除的33例胰腺癌组织的瘤周淋巴管密度（pLVD）和瘤内淋巴管密度（iLVD）,分析胰腺癌组织pLVD、iLVD与患者临床病理参数之间的关系。[结果]胰腺癌的pLVD明显高于iLVD。胰腺癌的pLVD与肿瘤的分化程度、淋巴结转移及淋巴管累及明显相关,与年龄、性别、肿块大小、发生部位、浸润侵犯无关。[结论]胰腺癌中检测pLVD较iLVD更有价值;上述pLVD可以预测淋巴结转移,有助于判断预后。