黄芪、女贞、旱莲合剂对小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文报道以黄芪、女贞子、墨旱莲三合剂(AFE)大小剂量(9g/kg、20g/kg)分别给予小鼠灌胃7天,观察其对机体细胞免疫及体液免疫功能的影响。结果表明,两种剂量的AFE均能非常明显地增加小鼠细胞免疫功能(P<0.01),促进其免疫器官正常发育(P<0.05),提高血清IgG水平(>40％)。增加小鼠免疫生化酶一腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)活性,其中大剂量组对ADA的影响具有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。该合剂还具有恢复环磷酰胺对小鼠免疫器官所致的萎缩作用。提示.该中药合剂可保护、提高小鼠免疫功能。     

一起发芽马铃薯引起的食物中毒

报告了一起由发芽马铃薯引起龙葵素中毒。发病人数３１９例，罹患率为３０．７％。发病时间最短为３０ｍｉｎ，最长达５１ｈ，平均潜伏期为１３．７±６．４ｈ。症状以腹痛、腹泻、喉干、舌咽麻痒、恶心、呕吐和头痛为主，对症治疗后缓解，平均病程３．８±１．０ｄ。经红外光谱分析证实有龙葵素的存在。     

HPLC法测定细辛药材中马兜铃酸A的含量

目的 建立细辛药材中马兜铃酸A的含量测定方法。方法 HPLC法测定细辛药材中马兜铃酸A的含量。采用Spherigel C18高效液相色谱柱，以甲醇-水-醋酸(60：36：4)为流动相，检测波长316nm。结果 本方法线性关系良好(r=0．9995)，平均回收率为97．7％，相对标准偏差RSD为0．50％(n=6)。结论 本方法简便，准确，回收率高，可用于细辛药材中马兜铃酸A的含量测定。     

肉苁蓉分离部位通便作用的实验研究

目的：寻找肉苁蓉的通便有效成分。方法：采用不同溶剂提取、分离及重结晶等方法将肉苁蓉分为半乳糖醇等4个组份，进行对小鼠通便时间的影响实验。结果：半乳糖醇具有显著的缩短通便时间作用，其他各组份作用不显著。结论：半乳糖醇为肉苁蓉的主要通便有效成分。     

老鹳草鞣质类化合物的抗腹泻作用研究

对老鹳草总鞣质(HGT)的抗腹泻作用研究表明：HGT有较好的治疗腹泻作用，可减少番泻叶或蓖麻油所引起腹泻次数；并可显著抑制正常及推进功能亢进小鼠的墨水胃肠推进率。结果提示抑制胃肠推进运动是HGT止泻机理之一。     

墨旱莲挥发油化学成分的研究

 目的研究墨旱莲挥发油的化学组成。方法采用水蒸汽蒸馏提取挥发油,用GC-MS进行成分分析。结果鉴定了37个化合物,占挥发油总量的84.57%。结论墨旱莲挥发油的主要组分为1,5,5,8-四甲基-12-氧双环[9,1,0]十五碳-3,7-双烯(10.82%),6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五酮(9.27%),δ-愈创木烯(7.73%),新二氢香芹醇(7.50%),3,7,11,15-四甲基-2-十六烯-1-醇(6.67%),十六烷酸(5.82%),环氧石竹烯(5.39%),十七烷(5.34%)。     

News and Notes

Abstract

The essential oil of nutmeg (600 or 900 mg/kg, IP) altered the young chicks' species-specific response to amphetamine (20 mg/kg, SQ). Nutmeg oil totally blocked the development of chirping and decreased the duration of wing droop and stereotyped behavior “b” (head and neck extended forward, parallel to but not touching floor), but increased the duration of stereotyped behavior “a” (head and neck drawn back with top of head almost touching back). Amphetamine caused a significant decrease in the duration of light and deep sleep in the group that received the higher dose level of nutmeg oil.     

张锡纯镇肝熄风汤中茵陈品种初探

笔者通过研究张锡纯的生活地域,行医地域,探究张锡纯镇肝熄风汤中茵陈这味药的来源。虽然仍然无法最终确定张锡纯镇肝熄风汤中所用茵陈的品种究竟为何,但至少可以确定:1张锡纯所用茵陈的分布范围应包括华北东北一带,所以主要在南方才被称作茵陈的品种,可判定其并非镇肝熄风汤中所用。2由于生长周期的差异,可以判定这里的茵陈并不是现代植物学意义上的青蒿,也即并非菊科植物黄蒿,张锡纯在《医学衷中参西录》里记载"青蒿之幼苗"等语当有其他原因,因此并不能用现代意义上的青蒿的嫩苗来代替茵陈。3从性状上对比,不论是在分布地域上与张氏生前活动地域有所重叠的玄参科植物阴行草,还是药典所载的菊科植物滨蒿和茵陈蒿,与张锡纯所载茵陈都有所出入。因此亦不能简单认为张锡纯镇肝熄风汤中所载茵陈便是现代植物学意义上的茵陈。     

Regulation of Eclipta prostrata L. components on cigarette smoking‐induced autophagy of bronchial epithelial cells via keap1‐Nrf2 pathway

Cigarette smoking extract (CSE)‐induced autophagic injury has been regarded as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. We previously found that Eclipta prostrata L. component (CCE) reduced CSE‐induced bronchial epithelial cells damage. However, the mechanism remains unknown. Human normal bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) were exposed to CSE to establish stress model. Nrf2‐siRNA and Keap1‐siRNA transfection were performed. mRFP‐GFP‐LC3 dual fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the autophagic characteristics. CCE prevented CSE‐induced Nrf2 transfer into cytoplasm and up‐regulated Keap1 level of NHBE cells. Furthermore, CCE significantly increased p‐p16, p‐p21 and p‐p53 phosphorylation levels in Nrf2‐siRNA‐ or Keap1‐siRNA‐transfected cells. As demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy and mRFP‐GFP‐LC3 dual fluorescence assays, CCE mitigated autophagic injury, and also down‐regulated autophagy‐related Beclin‐1, LC3II/LC3I ratio, Atg5 and ATF4 levels. Our findings showed the attenuation of CCE on CSE‐induced NHBE cells injury was associated with Nrf‐2‐mediated oxidative signaling pathway.     

筋骨草显微鉴别的研究

目的：建立筋骨草的显微鉴别方法。方法：采用石蜡切片、表面制片及数码显微成像等技术,研究筋骨草根、根茎、茎、叶和花等部位的显微特征。结果：确立了筋骨草根、根茎、茎、叶、花等部位的显微鉴别特征。结论：实验建立的显微鉴别特征可作为筋骨草鉴别的参考依据。