Analgesic activity of affinin, an alkamide from Heliopsis longipes (Compositae)

Heliopsis longipes (Compositae) is a Mexican plant used as analgesic in pain toothache. A solution of 10mug/ml of dichloromethane extract from this plant showed analgesic activity determined by means of GABA release in mice brain slices. Through a bioassay-directed separation, fractions G-1, G-2, G-4 and G-6 at the same concentration were active. Affinin was the unique and common active compound, and evoke the GABA release 0.5min after administration at 1x10(-4)M concentration. Inactive compound were undeca-2E-en-8,10-dyinoic acid isobutylamide, hinokinin, 2'-hydroxyhinokinin, 3beta-sn-glyceroyl-(1'-palmitoxy)urs-12-ene, 13(18)-ursen-3beta-ol, 13(18)-ursen-3beta-acetate, beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol. The analgesic activity of Heliopsis longipes could be associated to affinin.     

Th1/Th2细胞因子在过敏性鼻炎患者表达水平研究

目的研究Th细胞亚群(Th1、Th2)在过敏性鼻炎患者中的表达水平。方法采用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测20例过敏性鼻炎患者、18例健康体检者血清中IFN-γ、IL-27、IL-4浓度水平。结果过敏性鼻炎患者组IFN-γ、IL-27较对照组均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),Th2型细胞因子较对照组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 Th1、Th2细胞因子参与了过敏性鼻炎患者的发病,且Th1/Th2比例失衡可能是引起过敏性鼻炎发病的重要原因。     

伽玛刀治疗全身肿瘤1168例初步报告

目的 探讨国内首创的OUR-QGD全身伽玛刀治疗头、颈、胸、腹、盆腔内肿瘤的疗效。方法 应用OUR-QCD全身伽玛刀治疗头、颈、胸、腹、盆腔内肿瘤1168例，男822例，女346例，其中肺癌664例。应用西门子SOMATOM-E spring型螺旋CT行薄层扫描，获得定位图像，在γ-TPS治疗规划系统上进行三维图像重建、显示；根据肿瘤性质、类型、部位及脑干、脊髓、血管、神经、气管、食管、胃、肠、膀胱的毗邻关系制订适合的治疗计划，再行治疗方案的模拟显示，评估、修正、确定最佳治疗方案。结果 在702例随访复查资料完整的病例中，伽玛刀治疗后3～6个月复查评价其近期疗效．肿瘤局部控制率(CR PR)91．7％(644／702)；症状、体征的改善率为90．9％。放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎、放射性肠炎等并发症仅8．3％，未见穿孔致死等严重并发症病例。1年、2年生存率正在统计中。结论 伽玛刀治疗全身肿瘤等病变是一种安全、有效，并发症较少的方法。采用放化疗配合伽玛刀进行综合治疗疗效更好，更为合理。     

Therapeutic monitoring of amiodarone and desethylamiodarone after surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation-evaluation of the relationship between clinical effect and the serum concentration

BackgroundAssociation between clinical effect and serum concentration of amiodarone (AMI) and its active metabolite desethylamidarone (DEA) in patients after surgical ablation (SA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) has not yet been studied.AimsWe wanted to find a correlation between AMI and DEA serum concentration and maintaining sinus rhythm (SR) after SA of AF.MethodsSixty eight patients with AF who had undergone surgical ablation between 2014 and 2017 were included in a single-centre, prospective, observational study. Maintaining of SR was evaluated by standard 12-lead ECG and 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring at months 1, 3, 6 and 12 following surgery. Therapeutic monitoring of AMI and DEA concentrations was done to optimize therapy and adverse effects were followed up.ResultsWe have noticed a high success rate in maintaining of SR (overall 83%). The median of serum concentration of AMI was 0.81 mg/L (range 0.16–2.35 mg/L) and DEA 0.70 mg/l (range 0.19–2.63 mg/L). No significant differences were found in the serum concentratration of AMI, DEA or DEA/AMI concentratration ratios between patients with SR and persistent supraventricular tachyarrhythmia except on the second outpatient visit. We observed significant correlation between serum concentration of DEA and thyroid-stimulating hormone elevation.ConclusionWe confirmed the efficacy of AMI and DEA at the measured serum concentrations. However, analysis of these concentrations alone cannot replace assessment of the clinical response for treatment. Establishment of individual AMI (and DEA) concentrations at which the optimal therapeutic response is achieved seems to be advantageous. Therapeutic monitoring of AMI and DEA is helpful in personalised pharmacotherapy after SA of AF.     

PGC-1α对高糖状态下血管内皮细胞线粒体生物合成的调节作用

目的探讨过氧化物酶增殖体激活受体γ辅激活因子1α（PGC-1α）对高糖状态下血管内皮细胞线粒体生物合成的影响。方法体外原代培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,分别放置于正常糖浓度（对照组）和高糖浓度（高糖组）培养液中。用含有编码PGC-1α蛋白基因的腺病毒表达载体及空壳载体分别感染上述两组细胞,采用Southern印记法以细胞色素b DNA为探针检测线粒体DNA拷贝数。结果与对照组相比,高糖组线粒体DNA拷贝数显著下降;通过质粒转染过度表达PGC-1α导致细胞总DNA中细胞色素b DNA升高,线粒体生物合成增加。结论内皮细胞中过量表达的PGC-1α可以显著促进线粒体生物合成,这一作用在高糖培养的内皮细胞中更加明显。     

黄连对小鼠焦虑行为影响的研究

目的:探讨黄连对小鼠的抗焦虑作用及其机制。方法:将雄性小鼠随机分成5组(n=12),分别为模型对照组,阳性对照组,黄连水煎液高、中、低剂量组(1.8,0.9,0.45 g.kg-1),模型组ig生理盐水,阳性组ig地西泮2.5 mg.kg-1,连续ig给药5 d。末次给药0.5 h后,通过高架十字迷宫和明暗箱实验装置,观察黄连对小鼠焦虑的干预作用。用高效液相-荧光检测法测定脑内γ-氨基丁酸(GABA),谷氨酸(Glu),5-羟色胺的含量(5-HT)。结果:黄连水煎液能明显增加小鼠在高架十字迷宫装置上的开臂进入次数和开臂滞留时间,有增加小鼠明暗箱穿箱次数的趋势。不同组别小鼠脑内GABA的含量:黄连组>阳性组>模型组。结论:黄连水煎液有一定的抗焦虑活性。黄连抗焦虑机制与提高小鼠脑内GABA含量有关。     

环孢霉素A对培养的人角朊细胞主要组织相容性抗原表达的影响

目的：研究环孢霉素Ａ对人皮肤角朊细胞的主要组织相容性抗原（ＭＨＣ）表达的影响。方法：采用γ－干扰素（ＩＦＮ－γ）刺激培养的人角朊细胞ＭＨＣ－Ｉ／Ⅱ抗原表达的实验模型,研究了低剂量环孢霉素Ａ对角朊细胞ＭＨＣ－Ｉ／Ⅱ抗原表达的影响。结果：０．１２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的环孢霉素Ａ对于ＩＦＮγ－刺激的角朊细胞ＭＨＣ－Ｉ类抗原（ＨＬＡ－ＡＢＣ抗原）表达的增强,具有抑制作用（Ｐ〈０．０１）;但是对于ＩＮＦ－γ刺激的角朊     

1,25(OH)2D3 promotes M1 macrophage switching to M2 via VDR-PPARγ pathway induced by high glucose

Objective To investigate the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on high glucose induced macrophage activation and its underlying signal transduction mechanism. Methods RAW 264.7 cells were used to perform cell culture, the activity of intracellular iNOS was measured. VDR siRNA and PPARγ antagonist pre-treatment with macrophages were done before using 10-8 mol/L1,25(OH)2D3 to intervene high glucose pre-incubated macrophages. M1 markers including iNOS, TNF-α, IL-12, M2 markers including MR, Arg-1, IL-10 and nuclear receptors VDR and PPARγ were separately examined. Results The iNOS activity was increased in a glucose-dose and time dependent manner. Particularly, 25 mmol/L glucose at 24 h gave the maximum response. After being treated with 25 mmol/L glucose for 24 h, not only inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α, IL-12 in the supernatant were increased, but quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis showed iNOS was also up-regulated (P＜0.05). However, M2 markers, i.e. MR and Arg-1 were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). When in the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 , the trends were reversed: the markers of M1, including TNF-α, IL-12 and iNOS were obviously reduced (P＜0.05), while M2 markers, IL-10, Arg-1 and MR were increased (P＜0.05). In addition, VDR and PPARγ were also increased (P＜0.05). However, the above effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 were abolished when further inhibited the expression of VDR and PPARγ by VDR siRNA and PPARγ antagonist. Besides, accompanied by VDR, PPARγ was also decreased upon the treatment with VDR siRNA (P＜0.05). Conclusion 1,25(OH)2D3can promote high glucose induced classically activated macrophages (M1) converting to alternatively activated macrophages (M2) and this is achieved through VDR-PPARγ pathway.     

病毒性心肌炎患儿血清白细胞介素-18、肿瘤坏死因子-α、干扰素-γ水平及其相关性

目的研究细胞因子白细胞介素-18（IL-18）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）在病毒性心肌炎（VM）患儿血清中水平及相互关系。方法采用双抗体夹心ELISA方法检测72例VM患儿及25例健康儿童血清IL-18、TNF-α、IFN-γ水平。结果1.VM组血清中IL-18、TNF-α、IFN-γ水平高于正常对照组,均有显著性差异（Pa〈0.05）;2.VM组血清中IL-18与TNF-α呈直线正相关（r=0.35P〈0.05）。结论细胞因子IL-18、TNF-α、IFN-γ参与VM发病免疫过程,IL-18具有抗病毒作用,与TNF-α同样具有心肌免疫损伤可能。     

流式细胞仪检测γ射线照射后小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率的研究

目的应用流式细胞仪检测γ射线照射后小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率,建立本实验室快速检测微核率的自动化实验方法。方法将48只雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为4个照射剂量组,分别给予60Coγ射线一次性全身照射00、.51、和2Gy,于照射后24、48h取骨髓标本,每个剂量和每个时间点均为6只小鼠。采用流式细胞术检测受照小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率,以传统显微镜检微核的方法作为对照。结果流式细胞术及显微镜检方法检测的小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率均呈良好的剂量依赖性及时间依赖性,并且两种方法的检测结果呈显著正相关(r=0.987,P<0.01)。流式细胞仪检测速度为人工阅片的40倍以上,且能够避免人工镜检人员阅片的主观性,检测结果更为客观。结论采用流式细胞仪检测小鼠骨髓红细胞微核较传统的人工显微镜检测,更加简便、易行、快速,检测结果准确、可信、客观,适用于大规模核辐射伤员的高通量快速生物剂量诊断。