改良引流法用于肛肠术后的临床观察

目的 :评价改良引流法用于肛肠术后的临床价值。方法 :用半随机方法将 10 0例患者分为观察组和对照组 ,各 5 0例 ,对肛肠术后患者切口分别采用传统引流法和改良引流法 ,比较术后出现的并发症及并发症出现的平均时间。结果 :观察组术后并发症和并发症出现的时间少于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :改良引流法能减轻患者痛苦 ,疗效好 ,并发症少。     

小针刀辅助自体脂肪颗粒移植在面部除皱及凹陷充填中的应用

目的探讨小针刀辅助自体脂肪颗粒注射除去额部、眉间、鼻唇沟等部位皱纹及充填面部凹陷的效果。方法利用自制小针刀,离断真皮与其下方的"纤维粘连",然后用自体脂肪颗粒注射除皱和充填凹陷部位。结果本组共68例。修复面积最大约10cm×8cm,最小约1.5cm×0.5cm。随访45例,随访时间3～18个月,效果满意或基本满意。结论小针刀辅助自体脂肪移植具有操作简单、快捷、价廉、安全、无排异、不留瘢痕、术后恢复快等优点,患者易于接受,是除去额部、眉间、鼻唇沟等部位皱纹及填充面部凹陷的有效方法。     

成人护理专科教育护理学基础课堂教学设计的探讨

本文以“健康与疾病”为例，介绍了成人护理专科的护理学基础课堂教学设计。主要包括学生的情况分析、授课计划的制定、教学方法的选择、课程内容的优化、教学媒体和教学案例的运用等。同时，提出了调动学生的学习积极性、学生终身学习意识教育及医德教育等问题，从而使学生既能真正获得有用知识，又尽可能地通过考试取得学历文凭。     

放大内镜及实体镜检查结肠肿瘤性病变(附139例报告)

目的探讨如何通过放大内镜观察到的大肠粘膜腺管开口类型发现早期大肠癌及癌前病变。方法2001年8月~2002年2月结肠镜检查139例大肠病变,采用内镜下粘膜染色技术,结合放大内镜、实体显微镜观察腺管开口分型(pit分型)并与病理诊断对照,pit分型采用工藤分型。结果139例患者中发现大肠息肉124例,进展期癌9例,侧向发育型肿瘤(LST)型病变5例,ⅡC病变1例。LST直径10~50 mm,其中ⅢL型1个,Ⅳ型4个。本组放大内镜与病理、实体镜诊断符合率较高。结论大肠腺管开口对于判断肿瘤性、非肿瘤性病变以及早期大肠癌具有重要意义,如发现有Ⅴ型腺管开口时则高度提示早期癌的可能。     

Alagille syndrome and optic pit

Background Optic disc anomalies are frequently associated with Alagille syndrome. We report here the first case of a patient with Alagille syndrome combined with optic pit and serous macular detachment. Methods A male patient with Alagille syndrome was referred from the pediatric hepatology department for investigation of visual loss in the right eye. Anterior segment examination showed evidence of posterior embryotoxon, confirmed by gonioscopic evaluation. Dilated fundus examination revealed serous macular detachment and optic pit. Results OCT 3 scans confirmed the clinical findings. Conclusions Optic pit is uncommon and should prompt a search for genetic disorders or development abnormalities. The association between the two syndromes in this patient might be due to failure of correct neuroectodermal development, for which a common genetic pathway is likely.     

Evaluating projects funded by the Western Australian Health Promotion Foundation: first results

The paper describes output measures of performance of the WesternAustralian Health Promotion Foundation (Healthway), using asystem known as graduated project evaluation (GPE). Resultsare reported at the basic and process levels of evaluation on588 health and sponsorship projects, and at the impact levelbased on surveys of 5710 spectators and participants at 53 sport,arts and racing events sponsored by Healthway funds. At thebasic and process levels the average Healthway project reached7449 people directly and generated media coverage of healthmessages on 27.3 occasions. It secured, on average, 0.99 healthystructural reforms in recreational or cultural venues, involvedthe participation of local community members in project administrationin 38% of instances, and provided 1596 person-hours of healtheducation. Non-smoking, safe drinking, nutrition, exercise,sun protection, safe sex and injury prevention health messageswere promoted using 24 different types of sponsor benefits.Of the 5710 respondents surveyed post-event, 67% were awareof the promoted health message and 82% of these understood whatthe message meant. Four per cent of all respondents intendedto take action ranging from seeking information to adoptingthe health behaviour. A comparison of the cost-effectivenessof small and large sponsorship projects is given to illustratethe use of GPE to inform funding decisions. Smaller projectsoutperformed larger projects on all available indicators. Wediscuss the peculiar features of the health promotion foundationconcept, methods to improve its performance and implicationsfor future research.     

Optic pit syndrome

In a study of 15 eyes with optic pits fluorescein angiography revealed that only pits associated with serous detachment of the macular retina showed fluorescence in the late venous phase, while the pits uncomplicated by detachment remained hypofluorescent throughout the test. This finding strongly supports the hypothesis that the subretinal fluid producing the macular detachment originates from leakage of vessels located in the floor of the pit. In addition a high incidence of anomalies was found to be associated with optic pits. Therefore the author suggests to call the association between optic pit and large optic disc, parapapillary chorioretinal changes, cilioretinal vessels, situs inversus and eventual other vessel abnormalities, the optic pit syndrome.     

基坑边坡变形和稳定性的离心试验研究

通过土工离心模型试验对上海某放坡式开挖基坑边坡的变形特性和稳定性进行了研究,揭示了基坑边坡变形的时间效应及其对边坡稳定性的影响。试验结果表明能长期稳定的边坡其边坡变形速率呈现出加速、接近匀速和衰减等3个明显的阶段;能瞬时稳定但不能长期稳定的边坡,其失稳发生在边坡位移速率增大的阶段。     

三种蝮蛇抗栓酶的毒性及性质的实验研究

目的:对三种蝮蛇抗栓梅的毒性及其性质进行实验研究。方法:小白鼠尾静脉注射急性毒性实验法和家兔亚急性毒性实验法。结果:三种蝮蛇抗栓酶的毒性强度用LD_50表示,分别是,蛇岛蝮蛇抗栓酶为1.68±0.35u/kg,东北陆生白眉蝮蛇抗栓酶为5.223±0.61u/kg,浙江蝮蛇抗栓酶为1.94±0.15u/kg。对家兔亚急性毒性实验表明,对血细胞、肝及肾功能、脏器等无明显影响。     

从时空观释肾为先天之本--兼与张光霁、李如辉同志商榷

把肾为先天之本简单地理解为代与代之间的关系是错误的，其根源在于对中西医理论的差异缺乏清晰的认识，从而把中医的肾为先天之本混同为西医的遗传。以时空观为视角对中西医理论体系进行了宏观比较，在此基础上对肾为先天之本的深层内涵进行了阐释。