Effect of Non‐Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum Endocan,Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor‐A,and Tumor Necrosis Factor‐Alpha Levels

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs due to the interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and host defenses. Endocan is a proteoglycan secreted by endothelial cells under the control of inflammatory cytokines. Aims of the study are to determine serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) endocan levels in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, supported with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF‐A) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐alpha levels. This study additionally aims to evaluate correlation between GCF endocan levels, VEGF‐A, and TNF‐α levels with periodontal probing depth (PD). Methods: The study consists of two groups: group 1 (n = 20), healthy individuals; group 2 (n = 20), individuals with generalized chronic periodontitis (CP). Clinical measurements were recorded; GCF and serum samples were obtained from each participant before and 6 weeks after therapy. Levels of biomarkers were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Intergroup comparisons of biochemical and clinical parameters were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis/Bonferroni‐adjusted Mann–Whitney U test using statistical software. Results: Serum and GCF endocan, VEGF‐A, and TNF‐α levels were significantly higher in patients with CP than in healthy individuals (P <0.001) and decreased after treatment (P <0.03). A significant correlation was observed between GCF TNF‐α and PD (4 mm ≤ PD ≤5 mm and PD ≥6 mm). A significant relationship was found among GCF endocan and TNF‐α, VEGF‐A, CAL, and GI for all groups (P <0.05). Conclusions: Endocan and TNF‐α levels, both in GCF and serum, increased from health to periodontitis and decreased with non‐surgical periodontal treatment. Within the limits of the study, endocan may be considered as a potential inflammatory marker for periodontal disease.     

非小细胞肺癌endocan?FLK-1的表达与血管生成相关性研究

目的:研究内皮细胞特异分子-1(endothelial cell specific-1,endocan)、血管内皮细胞生长因子受体(KDR/FLK-1)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达及其临床意义.同时探讨endocan、FLK-1与非小细胞肺癌血管生成的相关性.方法:应用免疫荧光技术检测60例手术切除的肺癌组织、21例癌旁肺组织(距癌组织5 cm以上)中的endocan表达水平;免疫组化SP法检测FLK-1表达,并计数微血管密度(MVD).结果:endocan、FLK-1的表达在NSCLC组织中明显高于癌旁组织(P均<0.05);endocan、FLK-1的表达与NSCLC的淋巴结转移、TNM分期正相关(P均<0.05),而与NSCLC的组织学分类无关(P均>0.05);在NSCLC中MVD、endocan、FLK-1阳性表达组明显高于二者阴性表达组(P均<0.05);endocan、FLK-1在NSCLC中的表达呈正相关(r=0.888 9,P<0.05).结论:endocan、FLK-1在NSCLC组织的血管发生、进展等病理过程有重要作用.     

Increased endocan expression in lesional skin and decreased endocan expression in sera in atopic dermatitis

Endocan is a novel human endothelial cell‐specific molecule and is mainly expressed in endothelial cells in various tissues. Endocan has the capacity to inhibit leukocytes binding to the vascular endothelium. It also can promote the angiogenesis alongside vascular endothelial growth factor A. Through these functions, endocan has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. To investigate the possible roles of endocan in atopic dermatitis (AD), we examined endocan expression in lesional skin and sera in patients with AD. Endocan mRNA and protein levels were increased in lesional skin of AD compared with healthy skin and endocan was expressed on epidermal keratinocytes and dermal endothelial cells. On the other hand, serum endocan levels in patients with AD were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. Our results suggest that elevated endocan expression in lesional skin may be associated with development of AD through angiogenesis and that decreased endocan expression in sera may be associated with increased leukocyte recruitment in AD.     

P-selectin,endocan, and some adhesion molecules in obese children and adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

There is increasing evidence for a direct relationship between the vascular system and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to investigate endocan and adhesion molecules such as P-selectin derived from the endothelium and platelets in obese children and adolescents with NAFLD. One hundred obese patients and 40 lean controls were enrolled. The obese subjects were divided into two subgroups based on the presence or absence of fatty liver. Blood samples were assayed for endocan, P-selectin, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), intercellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1. Obese patients with NAFLD presented higher ALT and insulin levels, as well as more profound dyslipidemia when compared with their counterparts without NAFLD. Serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were found increased in both obese groups, regardless of NAFLD. In obese subjects with NAFLD, decreased P-selectin levels (51.6?±?4.14?ng/mL) were detected as compared with the obese (72.3?±?4.23) and control (74.2?±?6.97) subjects. Furthermore, circulating P-selectin levels were closely associated with endocan levels (r?=?0.852, p?相似文献