正念减压疗法对妊娠呕吐妇女负性情绪和生活质量的影响

目的 探析正念减压疗法对妊娠呕吐妇女负性情绪和生活质量的影响。 方法 将2017年5月-2018年5月在我院治疗的90例妊娠呕吐妇女纳入本研究,采用数字表法随机分成研究组和对照组,每组各45例。对照组接受宣教,研究组在对照组上实施正念减压疗法。分别于入组时、干预4周和干预8周采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)、生活质量综合评定问卷(generic quality of life inventory-74,GQOLI-74)进行评估,比较2组妊娠呕吐妇女负性情绪和生活质量。 结果 2组SAS、SDS评分及生活质量综合评定问卷总分在组间效应、时间效应及交互效应上差异具统计学意义。 结论 妊娠呕吐妇女进行正念减压疗法,能够显著减轻妊娠呕吐妇女负性情绪和提高生活质量,值得在临床上广泛应用。     

重症监护病房重症脓毒症患者远期负性情绪发生率及相关因素分析

目的 探讨重症监护病房（ICU）重症脓毒症患者远期负性情绪发生率及相关因素。方法 选取2019年1月—2020年12月南阳市第一人民医院入住ICU的99例重症脓毒症患者作为研究对象,均随访2年。将并发焦虑抑郁的患者作为负性情绪组,未并发焦虑抑郁的患者作为非负性情绪组,分别有30和69例。分析两组患者年龄、性别、种族、体重、入院临床特征（住院时长、ICU时长及血清乳酸、降钙素、C反应蛋白水平）、入院诊断疾病（心血管系统、呼吸系统、传染病、其他）、疾病严重程度[急性生理学和慢性健康评估Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）评分、脓毒症相关器官衰竭评估（SOFA）评分、感染性休克]、器官支持情况[机械通气、连续性肾脏替代疗法（CRRTn）]、入住ICU前72 h是否使用皮质类固醇及在ICU住院期间咪达唑仑、芬太尼、多巴酚丁胺、去甲肾上腺素和氟哌啶醇的累积剂量等基线特征。结果 两组患者性别构成、年龄、种族、体重、心血管系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、传染病、其他疾病、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、机械通气、CRRTn、入住ICU前72 h使用皮质类固醇、咪达唑仑、多巴酚丁胺、去甲肾上腺素的累积剂量比较,差异均无统计...     

The need-informational theory of emotions

As an evolvement of Pavlov ideas on higher nervous (psychic) activity 'the need-informational theory of emotions' was suggested by the author in 1964. According to it an emotion is a function of two major factors: (1) power and quality of actual need (or drive, or motivation) and (2) estimation of probability (possibility) of need satisfaction on the basis of phylo- and ontogenetic experience. In the process of experimental testing of 'the need-informational theory of emotions' the role of different cerebral structures (frontal neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus) in the genesis of emotional states and in the organization of goal-directed behavior was elucidated. The experimental data showed that these 4 brain structures play the major role in estimation of signals coming from environment and in the choice of subject's reactions. The individual characteristics of the interaction between the 4 brain structures must be taken into consideration in discussing neurophysiological backgrounds of different types of the higher nervous activity (temperaments), parameters of extra-introversion and neurotism (emotionality), the formation of main types of neurosis.     

中国地鼠情绪唤醒水平评定量表的制定

为建立一套适合于中国地鼠情绪唤醒水平观测的评定方法,并验证其可靠性,在Ａｄｅｒ 情绪唤醒评定方法基础上进行修订,对中国地鼠进行试测,建立情绪唤醒水平划界分。结果显示总分以５ 分为界,能区分高／ 低情绪唤醒水平的中国地鼠;条目与量表总分呈中高度相关（ ｒ ＝ ０ ．３２６８ ～０ ．７３４７） ,量表总分重测信度良好（ ｒ ＝ ０ ．５８７４ ～０ ．６１０５） ,评定者评分一致性高,符合率达９５－２ ％     

浅析《内经》七情学说

《内经》非常重视七情对人体的影响；深入探讨《内经》七情学说，对情志所致疾病的预防和治疗具有重要的现实意义。本文从七情的生理基础、致病特点、治疗、养生等方面开展研究，并针对其面临的困境进行评述。     

相恶研究探析

相恶作为中药七情配伍之一,最早见于汉代《神农本草经》。李时珍在《本草纲目》中论述相恶时云:“相恶者,夺我之能也。”后世多沿袭之。现代教科书多将相恶定义为:两种药物合用,一种药物与另一种药物相作用而致原有功效降低,甚至丧失。笔者对相恶的历史源流进行了考证并对其理论和实验研究进展作一探讨。     

“多情交织共同致病首先伤肝”假说及其论证

经过对前人情志致病医案统计分析和情志致病方式流行病学调研,发现“五志伤五脏”模式不符合临床实际,多种情志交织共同致病和致病伤肝的概率更大,“社会事件”是形成情志刺激的始发因素。据此,提出“多情交织共同致病首先伤肝”假说,并对假说进行了逻辑论证。     

Understanding Atypical Emotions Among Children with Autism

Children with autism are said to be poor mind readers: They have a limited understanding of the role that mental states play in determining emotions and behavior. In this research, 23 high-functioning children from the autistic spectrum (M age 9 years 3 months), 42 6-year-old controls, and 43 10-year-old controls were presented with six emotion-evoking stories and they were asked to explain protagonists' typical and atypical emotions. In the case of typical emotions, as expected on the basis of the mindblind hypothesis, children from the autistic spectrum gave few mental state explanations, referring to fewer than even the 6-year-old control group. However, in the case of atypical emotions, the autistic group performed as well as the 10-year-old controls. Their explanations for the atypical emotions demonstrate that children from the autistic spectrum indeed have the capacity to mind read (with respect to both desires and beliefs), although they do not always use this capacity in the same way as normally developing children. It is argued that the mind-reading capacity of high-functioning children from the autistic spectrum might be basically intact; unused in everyday circumstances but not necessarily defective.     

The effect of negative experiences on delinquent behavior of youth in a social withdrawal situation

This study examines the relationship between negative experiences, negative emotions, and delinquent behavior among young people in a social withdrawal situation. There were 533 participants in this study and various quantitative analyses were utilized. Results showed that participants with a longer period of social withdrawal were generally less affected by negative experiences, while those with a higher level of social withdrawal were more affected by negative experiences, particularly negative relationships with other people. Also, both negative emotions and higher level of social withdrawal mediated the relationship between negative experiences and involvement in delinquent behavior, with negative emotions displaying a higher mediating effect. This reflects that the root of delinquent behavior is the negative experiences which arouse negative emotions, rather than the social withdrawal behavior itself. Results imply that practitioners should first explore the negative experiences suffered by these young people, so as to provide them the most appropriate support.