脾损伤保脾方式的选择及效果评价(附8416例临床资料分析)

目的总结脾损伤保脾方式的经验及效果，探讨脾损伤理想的保脾治疗方式。方法回顾性分析本院及国内1995年1月。2005年4月医学文献报导8416例脾损伤保脾治疗的临床资料。结果治愈8253例（98．06％）；死亡3例（0．04％）；无效160例（1．90％），改为全脾切除术治愈。结论脾损伤保脾方式的选择应根据脾损伤程度、患者全身情况与合并伤情况、以及医院设施条件与施术者的经验而定，遵循保命第一，保脾第二的基本原则。对于严重脾损伤行脾切除后自体脾组织移植是最佳选择。轻度脾损伤则首选脾缝合修补。     

Total energy expenditure of elite synchronized swimmers measured by the doubly labeled water method

To determine the daily energy requirement of elite synchronized swimmers during moderate-intensity training, the average daily energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method, was calculated for nine female Japanese national team synchronized swimmers [four senior; mean (SD) 22.5 (1.0) years old, 52.2 (3.6) kg, and five junior; 17.6 (1.1) years old, 52.8 (2.3) kg]. Their total energy expenditure (TEE) was 11.5 (2.8) MJ · day⁻¹ [2738 (672) kcal · day⁻¹]. When compared with estimated energy requirements derived from “Recommended Dietary Allowances for the Japanese”, 12.1 (0.6) MJ · day⁻¹ [2897 (139) kcal · day⁻¹], there was no difference between mean actual and estimated energy requirements. However, there were considerable differences observed on an individual basis. Their energy intake, estimated from 7- day self-reported dietary records, was 8.9 (1.7) MJ · day⁻¹ [2128 (395) kcal · day⁻¹], which was significantly lower than their TEE (P < 0.05). Resting energy expenditure (REE), as determined by indirect calorimetry, was 5.2 (0.3) MJ · day⁻¹ [1247 (75) kcal · day⁻¹]. Their physical activity level (TEE/REE) was 2.18 (0.43). These results demonstrate that the TEE values of elite female synchronized swimmers are not dissimilar to those reported for athletes participating in other sports, especially competitive swimmers during moderate-intensity training. Accepted: 26 May 2000     

TNFa、IL6与肝储备功能关系的探讨

目的 :探讨外周血中TNFa、IL6与肝功能之间的关系 ,了解TNFa、IL6预测肝储备功能的方法可行性。方法 :采用放射免疫分析法测量 84例肝脏外科疾病的病人 (梗阻性黄疸 5 9例 ;肝硬化门脉高压 10例 ;肝癌 15例 )。外周血中TNFa和IL6的浓度。同时病人行常规肝功检测。结果 :肝病组外周血清中TNFa、IL6的浓度比对照显著升高 ,肝病组为TNFa13 .35± 5 .14(fmol l) ;IL6为 2 40 .6 2± 70 .17(pg l)对照组TNF为 6 .2 1± 2 .0 3(fmol l) ,IL为 93.75± 40 .5 7(pg l)肝病组与对照组比较 ,TNFa和IL6的P值均 <0 .0 1;肝功能越差TNFa越高 ,且在肝功A级、B级、C级三级间两两比较亦有差异P <0 .0 5。结论 :外周血中TNFa和IL6可作为肝功能损害的一种标记物     

OSG-Distorsion: Konservative Therapie der lateralen Bandläsion

Ankle sprains are among the most frequent injuries seen within a sportsmedical practice. Consequently, questions such as optimal treatment options (surgical vs. non-surgical), planing of specific physiotherapeutic therapies and timing of return to competition represent major challenges for the physician in charge. Therefore, immediate therapeutic management should focus on lace-up bracing, manual therapeutic joint mobilisation and sensorimotor training. In case of grade III-IV lesions or persistent instability after six month of non-surgical treatment surgical intervention might be re-evaluated. In order to make use of alternative non-surgical procedures such as PRP- or hyaluronic acid injections further research is needed.     

基于预约患者优先就诊的医院信息系统功能改造

以预约挂号为抓手，不断优化门诊业务流程。在现有信息系统的基础上，重新修改、设计，省去了预约患者在就诊当日还需在窗口排队确认的过程，将人群有效分流至各分诊台。一方面有效解决了患者窗口排队等候时间长的问题，另一方面提高了医院的门诊服务质量。系统上线后，取得了良好效果。     

“十四五”期间高校图书馆特色学习空间建设

调研“十四五”期间国内42所高校和加拿大15所高校图书馆的特色学习空间建设现状,对比分析国内外高校图书馆学习空间差异,并为我国高校图书馆特色学习空间建设提供发展思路,提出了建设特色化学习空间、深化空间服务内容、强化空间服务团队建设、建立完善的学习空间预约制度等特色学习空间建设途径。     

医院门诊候诊时间量化分析和研究

目的 通过对门诊患者候诊时间的量化统计和分析,发现影响候诊时间的关键因素以优化门诊就诊流程,缩短候诊时间.方法 通过信息系统,采集北京大学肿瘤医院2013年11月4-29日上午门诊就诊患者的候诊时间,按患者性别、年龄、医保类型和挂号号源类型进行统计分析.结果 门诊患者平均候诊时间为36.3（10.6,81.5） min,主任医师、副主任医师和主治医师号源的候诊时间分别为54.1（19.1,106.8）、34.0（10.3,74.7）、26.4（7.8,66.5） min,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;34.7％ （3 984/11 471）的患者候诊时间超过60 min,外地医保就诊患者候诊时间[42.5（12.1,90.4） min]明显高于北京本地医保就诊患者[在职：33.8（9.8,77.3） min;离退：30.5（9.9,68.4） min].结论 候诊时间可作为门诊流程管理的监测指标,预约诊疗和流程优化有助于缩短候诊时间.     

新型医疗设备管理方法设想

为解决部分医院医疗设备供不应求、部分医院医疗设备使用率不高这一矛盾,本文提出了一种新型医疗设备管理方法。该方法通过引进专业管理团队和系统平台,可以在不增加资金投入的情况下,改善医疗设备使用不均、缩短病人等待检查时间,从而提高医院的整体服务质量,并在一定程度上缓解医患矛盾。     

Effects of 3 mg/kg Body Mass of Caffeine on the Performance of Jiu-Jitsu Elite Athletes

The effects of caffeine were investigated in judo, boxing, taekwondo and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. However, this substance was never investigated regarding traditional jiu-jitsu. Therefore, the aim of this research was to analyze the effects of caffeine in the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) and technical variables during combat in traditional jiu-jitsu elite athletes. Methods: Twenty-two young professionals of traditional jiu-jitsu, 11 men and 11 women (age = 22 ± 4 (18–33) years, body mass = 66.6 ± 10.8 (46.2–86.1) kg, height = 1.70 ± 0.9 (1.55–1.85) m) with 15 ± 7 years of experience in traditional jiu-jitsu, participated in a double-blind, counterbalanced, crossover study. In two different conditions, the traditional jiu-jitsu athletes ingested 3 mg/kg body mass of caffeine or a placebo. After 60 min, they performed the SJFT test to measure throwing performance, and subsequently, combat to analyze offensive and defensive hitting techniques. Results: Caffeine had a main effect on the number of throws during the SJFT test (P < 0.01). In addition, it was effective in sets 2 (13 ± 2 vs. 14 ± 2; p = 0.01) and 3 (12 ± 2 vs. 13 ± 1; p = 0.03). There was also a main effect during the test on heart rate when caffeine was ingested (F = 12.48, p < 0.01). The effects of caffeine were similar compared to the placebo condition regarding performance during combat both in offensive and defensive fighting variables Conclusions: the pre-exercise ingestion of 3 mg/kg body mass of caffeine increased performance in the SJFT test, decreased fatigue perception, and increased power and endurance perception in professionally traditional jiu-jitsu athletes. However, it did not seem to improve offensive and defensive technical actions during combat.     

骺板软骨细胞的冻存及复苏

目的　研究骺板软骨细胞冻存的方法。方法　取对数生长期的骺板软骨细胞 ,加入配制好的冻存液 (冻存液A :培养液与DMSO ;冻存液B :含 5 %小牛血清的培养液与DMSO ;冻存液C :含 2 0 %小牛血清的培养液与DMSO ;冻存液D :小牛血清与DMSO混合 ;其中DMSO终浓度均为 10 %。) ,冻存。细胞复苏后用台盼蓝拒染试验检测细胞存活率。然后接种于培养皿中 ,采用苏木 伊红染色和甲苯胺蓝染色 ,观察细胞形态及合成糖胺多糖的能力。结果　细胞活率为 :A冻存液 70 % ,B冻存液 75 % ,C、D两种冻存液无明显差别 ,分别为 89%和 92 %。复苏的细胞贴壁时间延迟 ,但培养 72小时以后 ,细胞活力明显增强。甲苯胺蓝异染提示 ,经冷冻保存后软骨细胞仍能保持合成异染基质 (糖胺多糖 )的能力。结论　本实验冻存、复苏的方法结果稳定 ,可用于保存骺板软骨细胞。