压膜式间隙保持器的临床应用

目的:观察正压压膜式间隙保持器的临床应用特点和效果.方法:选择60例5.9～10岁的乳牙过早缺失的患儿,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组用正压压膜式间隙保持器,对照组用带环式丝圈间隙保持器.分别从患者对保持器的接受程度、保持器的制作、椅旁操作时间、固位效果及其保持疗效和因保持器本身问题导致的复诊率进行对比研究,并对测量数据进行统计学处理.结果:两组患者在对保持器的接受程度、保持器的制作、椅旁操作时间、美观、防止对合牙过度伸长方面具有显著的差异,在固位效果及其保持疗效和因保持器本身问题的复诊率上有差异,但是差异没有显著性.结论:正压压膜式间隙保持器是一种美观舒适,制作简单,戴用便捷、固位好,疗效佳,便于观察恒牙萌出程度的间隙保持器,它为口腔医师进行保持缺隙治疗时提供了一种新的选择.     

Patients'' complaints and satisfaction 5 years after complete denture treatment

This study is based on an evaluation of patients' opinions of their dentures by means of a questionnaire. The patients had been provided with complete dentures at a university clinic. Of the original sample (n = 139) a test group of 92 patients remained available for the actual study 5 yr after treatment. The replies in the questionnaire were subjected to statistical processing and interpretation. Six clusters could be defined and these were introduced as "scales" representing the patients' score on a specific type of complaint. Apart from the six scales a score was achieved for each patient's overall satisfaction. The correlations between the various scales were calculated with the aid of a computer program. Finally, cross-tabulation was used to see if any significant (inter)correlations could be proved between complaints, satisfaction, and some of the patients' social data. It could be concluded that a correlation exists between complaints of pain and of functional aspects on the one hand and vague complaints on the other hand. There is also a correlation between complaints of looseness of the maxillary denture and complaints about aesthetic factors. Well-fitting and well-functioning dentures, absence of pain, and a socially acceptable appearance contribute much to the patients' satisfaction with dentures. Social variables such as type of insurance (public or private) and marital status influence denture appreciation to a certain extent.     

一种新的基于全口义齿测量的牙列缺失修复用颌位记录托盘

目的 测量全口义齿的相关特征数据,并以此设计用于牙列缺失患者全口义齿修复的一种新的,可记录各种参数的颌位记录托盘.方法: 对100副在临床应用的全口义齿,测量双侧上颌第一磨牙中央窝间距a1,上颌第一磨牙中央窝连线至义齿前缘距离a2,上颌义齿宽度a3,上颌义齿长度a4,右上颌第一磨牙近中舌尖至基托组织面高度a5₁,右下颌第一磨牙中央窝至基托组织面高度a5₂,上唇系带切迹至上颌中切牙切端连线的高度a6,上中切牙区唇侧基托最薄处厚度a7,并以此设计颌位记录托盘支撑杆孔间距b1,支撑杆孔至托盘前缘距离b2,托盘宽度b3,托盘长度b4,上颌后牙区托台高度b5₁,支撑杆高度b5₂,前部手柄高度b6,前部手柄厚度b7,以制作不同型号的颌位记录托盘.结果: 各组数据的最小值,平均值,最大值(单位:mm)分别如下:a1:37.1,44.5,59.6;a2:22.6,29.0,38.1; a3: 48.5,58.2,76.6; a4: 37.4,50.8,61.0; a5₁: 5.6,9.5,14.7; a5₂: 3.8,9.9,18.8; a6: 8.9,16.6,24.7; a7: 1.2,2.8,5.9.设计大,中,小3种号型的颌位记录托盘.临床应用时,首先在托盘组织面用硅橡胶重衬,托台平面和前部手柄下缘确定牙合平面;继而安装下颌支撑杆,旋转螺丝至合适的垂直距离;然后在支撑杆前后放置硅橡胶,确定水平关系;最后在前部手柄唇侧画线标记面部中线及微笑,静息时上唇下缘位置.结论: 本研究测量的全口义齿数据对分析修复空间提供了参考,本研究设计的托盘为无牙颌患者全口义齿修复时确定颌位关系提供了一种新方法.     

Marginal bone level change during sequential loading periods of partial edentulous rehabilitation using immediately loaded self-tapping implants: a 6.5-year retrospective study

PURPOSEA large number of studies have suggested the practicability and predictability of immediate implant function, but few studies have reported marginal bone level changes during sequential loading periods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the marginal bone remodeling of immediately loaded self-tapping implants both at each time point and during each loading period between two time points.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe patients included in this retrospective study were treated with immediately loaded NobelSpeedy Replace implants between August 2008 and July 2009. Differences in the marginal bone level (MBL) at each time point and the marginal bone level change (ΔMBL) between two time points were analyzed with Bonferroni correction (P < .05).RESULTSOverall, 24 patients (mean age, 47.3 ± 12.8 years) with 42 immediately loaded implants and a median follow-up of 6.5 years (IQR, 67.8 months) were included. The cumulative survival rate after 10 - 12 years was 95.2%. Continuous but slow marginal bone loss was observed during long-term follow-up. MBL at both 7.5 years and 11 years was significantly lower than that at loading, 6 months, 2 years and 4 years (P < .05). No bone loss difference was found in any period before 4 years of follow up (P > .05). The loading period of 4 years to 7.5 years showed the largest ΔMBL compared to those of other time periods (P < .05).CONCLUSIONSlight bone loss occurred continuously, and more radical changes of marginal bone can be observed during the period of 4-7.5 years. Thus, long-term effective follow-up of immediately loaded implants is needed.     

Nobel(诺贝尔)种植磁性覆盖义齿修复下颌牙列缺失的应用价值

目的研究Nobel(诺贝尔)种植体磁性修复下颌牙列缺失的应用价值。方法 63例下牙列缺失的患者分为全口义齿组(29例)和种植体组(34例),比较两组患者的治疗满意度和患者的咀嚼功能,种植体组患者治疗后1、3、6、12、24、36个月各复诊一次,检查种植体有无脱落。结果 34例患者各植入3~5个种植体不等,所有患者共植入129个种植体,其中2个种植体失败。全口义齿组患者满意度79.31%,种植体组患者满意度94.12%,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);种植体组患者杏仁和枣的咀嚼率明显高于全口义齿组(P<0.05)。复查结束后种植体存留率98.43%。结论 Nobel(诺贝尔)种植体可明显提高患者的咀嚼率,种植体脱落率较低,对患者影响小。     

Immediate implant placement in edentulous oral cancer patients: a long-term retrospective analysis of 207 patients

Although the functional benefits of implants in the rehabilitation of edentulous cancer patients are well-known, most studies report on postponed implant placement. The outcome of immediate implant placement regarding successful rehabilitation, implant loading and survival is unclear. Two hundred and seven edentulous oral cancer patients that received implants during ablative surgery at the Radboud University Medical Centre between 2000 and 2011 were included. Data regarding the oncological treatment, implant placement, follow-up and prosthodontic rehabilitation were recorded retrospectively with a follow-up period of 5–17 years. Functioning implant-retained dentures were made in 73.9% of the patients. Of the surviving patients, 81.9% had functioning dentures after 2 years and 86.3% after 10 years. Patients with ASA score 1 and younger patients were rehabilitated more frequently. The median time of functioning denture placement was 336 days after surgery, with a negative influence of postoperative radiotherapy. Implant survival was 90.7%, and was lower when the implant was placed in a jaw involved in the tumour. Immediate implant placement during oral cancer surgery led to a high number of edentulous patients rehabilitated with implant-retained dentures, which are placed at an early time.     

Retreatment of multiple failing maxillary implants after full arch rehabilitation: a retrospective,observational cohort study

The aim of this study was to assess implant retreatment in a group of patients whose maxillary implants were all failing after full arch rehabilitation. Treatment involved implant removal, augmentation, and placement of an overdenture supported by four to six implants. All consecutive patients referred between 2008 and 2018, following multiple late implant failures in the rehabilitated maxilla, were included in the study. Seventy implants in 15 patients were evaluated at 3.3 ± 2.5 years (range 1.1–8.6 years) after loading. Implant survival, complications, clinical parameters, marginal bone loss, and patient-related outcome measures were recorded at the time of evaluation. Overall implant survival was 95.7%. Three implant failures occurred within the first year of function. Marginal bone loss was 0.32 ± 0.46 mm; pocket probing depth was 4.55 ± 1.59 mm. Plaque, calculus, inflammation, and bleeding were hardly seen (median index score 0). Patients scored their satisfaction with their overdentures as high (mean overall score 8.7 ± 1.2, maximum 10). Chewing soft and tough food was scored as ‘good’ and hard food as ‘moderate’. The mean Oral Health Impact Profile score was 29.5 ± 33.3. It can be concluded that the replacement of multiple failing implants in an edentulous maxilla after bone augmentation is a safe and predictable treatment procedure when applied as an implant-supported overdenture.