反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆中多奈哌齐浓度

 目的建立反相高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中多奈哌齐浓度。方法采用美国Waters公司680型高效液相色谱仪,486紫外可变波长检测器,YMC-PackODS(150mm×3.9mm,5μm)色谱柱，柱温62℃，以CH-3OH-0.01mol·L^-1NH4H2PO4=65∶35(pH7.50)为流动相，甲泼尼龙做内标，在314nm波长处检测。结果标准曲线线性范围1.00～20.00μg·L^-1；萃取回收率71.6%～76.0%；加样回收率99.8%～108.9%；日内RSD为2.7%～10.3%，日间RSD为1.8%～9.9%。结论本方法快速、灵敏、准确、简便，可用于多奈哌齐血药浓度测定和药动学及生物利用度研究。     

盐酸多奈哌齐透过小鼠血脑屏障的动态研究

目的　了解多奈哌齐透过小鼠血脑屏障的转运机制。方法　采用反相高效液相色谱法及Integrationplot法定量解析 ,以多奈哌齐在脑内浓度 (cb)对血浆中浓度 (cp)比值 (Kp)为纵轴 ,血浆中浓度曲线下面积对血浆中浓度比 (AUC/cp)为横轴 ,通过计算机模拟软件进行Integrationplot并求出药物流入脑内的速度常数 (K1)及排出速度常数 (K2 )的比值 ,以此定量反映药物移行入脑的过程。结果　Integrationplot所得结果为抛物线 ,K1(mL·s-1g-1) =0 .0 0 12 1± 0 .0 0 0 16 ,K2 (s-1) =0 .0 0 2 2 7± 0 .0 0 0 37,K1/K2 =0 .5 4 1,当AUC/cP 值在 2 0 0 0s左右时 ,KP 值达到稳定状态。显示多奈哌齐在初期向脑内快速转运 ,后期多奈哌齐的脑内转运和泵出逐渐达到平衡状态。结论　脑内存在着运载多奈哌齐排出脑组织的载体     

复方海蛇胶囊联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗阿尔茨海默病临床观察

目的探讨复方海蛇胶囊(RSC)联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗阿尔茨海默病(AD)的有效性及安全性。方法 96例AD患者随机分为RSC组30例、盐酸多奈哌齐组32例和联合用药组34例,RSC组给予复方海蛇胶囊口服;盐酸多奈哌齐组给予盐酸多奈哌齐口服;联合用药组同时口服复方海蛇胶囊和盐酸多奈哌齐;连续用药6个月。观察3组患者治疗前后智能状态量表(MMSE)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、认知次级量表(ADAS-Cog)、痴呆程度评定量表(CDR)以及副反应量表(TESS)评定情况。结果治疗后各组MMSE评分均大于治疗前(P<0.05),ADL、ADAS-Cog、CDR评分均小于治疗前(P均<0.05);3组不良反应发生率比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论复方海蛇胶囊联合盐酸多奈哌齐治疗AD安全、有效,疗效优于单一药物,且不良反应发生率低。     

金钱草颗粒剂质量标准的研究

目的探讨金钱草颗粒剂的质量标准。方法采用TLC对金钱草颗粒剂处方中的柴胡、延胡索及大黄进行定性鉴别;采用HPLC对其主药金钱草中的槲皮素进行定量分析。结果该方法定性鉴别薄层色谱特征明显,专属性强;样品中槲皮素在1.8960～30.3360μg·mL-1内线性关系良好（r=0.9998）,平均回收率为97.73%,RSD=1.34%。结论用该方法作定性、定量分析简便、快速、专属性强,可有效控制制剂的质量。     

A systematic review of the efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine on treating vascular dementia

Background:Vascular dementia (VaD) is a comprehensive syndrome related to the damage of cognitive function and various cerebral vascular illnesses. VaD is also generally recognized as the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer disease, contributing to 30% of the dementia population in Asia and developing countries. The ability of donepezil hydrochloride and nimodipine had been respectively proven in improving cognitive function in vascular dementia. However, whether the combined application of both drugs contribute to better efficacy remains as a research hotspot. Studies had shown definite satisfactory result with such combination, however evidence-based evaluation of the efficacy is still lacking. Therefore, meta-analysis is employed in this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine in treating VaD to provide references for clinical treatments. The efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine on treating vascular dementia is systematically reviewed to provide evidence-based references for clinical applications.Methods:Both Chinese and English databases were searched from the start till August, 2020 for any RCT regarding the combined use of the 2 drugs in treating vascular dementia. Two investigators would later evaluate and screened out research and data based on an improved Jaded scale. Software Rev Man 5.3.0 was employed to carry out meta-analysis on clinical effificacy, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) ratings, activity of daily living (ADL) ratings, and clinical dementia scale (CDR) ratings.Results:Donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine had demonstrated satisfactory efficacy on the treatment of vascular dementia. Improvements were namely spotted on MMSE scale, ADL scale, and CDR scale, with the utmost efficacy by 12 weeks after intervention.Conclusions:Donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine had good efficacy in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia, mainly in terms of improving the Simple MMSE scores, the ability to use daily living scale (ADL) scores and the CDR, and the best results were obtained after 12 weeks of intervention. Such conclusion should be cautiously evaluated.     

盐酸多奈哌齐片人体生物等效性研究

目的进行试验制剂盐酸多奈哌齐片与参比制剂安理申的生物等效性试验,为新药报批及其临床应用提供试验依据.方法用单剂双交叉试验,健康志愿者18名,分别于试验当日晨空腹一次口服试验制剂盐酸多奈哌齐片和参比制剂安理申10mg,采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸多奈哌齐经时血浓度.结果试验制剂盐酸多奈哌齐片和参比制剂主要药代动力学参数t1/2(β)分别为(54.28±10.14)h和(53.53±9.919)h,Tpeak分别为(3.50±1.15)h和(3.0±1.125)h,Cmax分别为(87±17)ng/mL和(99±23)ng/mL,AUC0～t分别为(2719±1124)ng/mL·h和(3127±1299)ng/mL·h,AUC0～∞分别为(3072±1324)ng/mL·h和(3525±1517)ng/mL·h.试验制剂盐酸多奈哌齐片相对生物利用度为(103.34±14.29)%.结论盐酸多奈哌齐片与参比制剂安理申具有生物等效性,为生物等效制剂.     

Interacting with α7 nAChR is a new mechanism for AChE to enhance the inflammatory response in macrophages

Acetylcholine (ACh) regulates inflammation via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme hydrolyzing ACh, is expressed in immune cells suggesting non-classical function in inflammatory responses. Here, the expression of PRiMA-linked G4 AChE was identified on the surface of macrophages. In lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory processes, AChE was upregulated by the binding of NF-κB onto the ACHE promotor. Conversely, the overexpression of G4 AChE inhibited ACh-suppressed cytokine release and cell migration, which was in contrast to that of applied AChE inhibitors. AChEmt, a DNA construct without enzymatic activity, was adopted to identify the protein role of AChE in immune system. Overexpression of G4 AChEmt induced cell migration and inhibited ACh-suppressed cell migration. The co-localization of α7 nAChR and AChE was found in macrophages, suggesting the potential interaction of α7 nAChR and AChE. Besides, immunoprecipitation showed a close association of α7 nAChR and AChE protein in cell membrane. Hence, the novel function of AChE in macrophage by interacting with α7 nAChR was determined. Together with hydrolysis of ACh, AChE plays a direct role in the regulation of inflammatory response. As such, AChE could serve as a novel target to treat age-related diseases by anti-inflammatory responses.