The role of race/ethnicity in cerclage efficacy

Objective: To measure the impact of race/ethnicity on cerclage efficacy, as measured by the prevalence of spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), in a cohort of patients with history-indicated, ultrasound-indicated and physical-exam indicated cerclages.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing history-indicated, ultrasound-indicated and physical-exam indicated cerclage placement from January 2003 to July 2013 at a tertiary care hospital. Patients’ race/ethnicity was self-declared. Our primary outcome was spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) cerclage.

Results: One hundred and eighty-one subjects met inclusion criteria. Forty-seven percent self-identified as non-Hispanic black (NHB), 12% as Hispanic and 41% as non-Hispanic white (NHW). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of SPTB p?=?0.22), nor for SPTB less than 34 or 28 weeks. Finally, there was no difference in SPTB prevalence by race after controlling for smoking, history of CKC/LEEP, and 17-OHPC with logistic regression.

Conclusion: Race/ethnicity does not appear to be associated with cerclage efficacy, as measured by the risk of SPTB, in a cohort of patients with history-indicated, ultrasound-indicated and physical-exam indicated cerclages.     

Comparison of elective and empiric cerclage and the role of emergency cerclage

We describe the maternal, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes of patients undergoing elective, empiric, and emergency cervical cerclage at our institution in an attempt to determine predictive factors for adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes. A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who underwent cervical cerclage placement over a 7-year time span. Of 55 charts, 40 contained complete peripartum data satisfactory for review; 7 elective, 15 empiric, and 18 emergency cerclages were analyzed. There was no perinatal mortality in the elective group, and 5/7 patients delivered at term. The empiric population experienced a 20% neonatal mortality; 6/15 gestations progressed to term. The perinatal mortality was 44% in the emergency group and 2/18 patients delivered at term. Relative to neonatal outcome, elective cerclage was statistically significantly better than emergent cerclage; there was no statistically significant difference between the elective and empiric groups nor between the empiric and emergent groups. This relatively small series with a large number of variables appeared to favor an elective procedure rather than an empiric one. Although emergent cerclage was associated with only a 56% neonatal survival, it did have value in some patients.     

The retrospective study for effectiveness of cervical cerclage in preventing recurrent preterm birth

ObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify the effectiveness of cervical cerclage in preventing recurrent preterm births.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted using the perinatal registration database of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology for the Perinatal Center from 2014 to 2016. The efficacies of history-indicated, ultrasound-indicated, and physical examination-indicated cerclage as preventive treatments for women with a history of preterm birth were evaluated by comparing cerclage and non-cerclage cases. Fisher's exact test was performed to evaluate any significant differences in patient backgrounds. Prior to the evaluation, propensity score matching was performed for history-indicated and ultrasound-indicated cerclage patients.ResultsFor this study, 6060 multiparous women with a history of preterm birth were reviewed. After excluding 17 patients with unknown indications for cervical cerclage, 6043 patients were included in the study. History-indicated and ultrasound-indicated cerclage did not reduce the risk of preterm birth in subsequent pregnancies for any of the pregnancy periods (p = 0.413, p = 1.000). In contrast, physical examination-indicated cerclage significantly reduced the risk of subsequent preterm births for all pregnancy periods (p < 0.001).ConclusionSubsequent preterm births were effectively prevented only in physical examination-indicated cerclage cases. For history- or ultrasound-indicated cerclage, statistically significant differences in subsequent preterm births were not evident.     

改良式宫颈环扎术治疗前置胎盘子宫下段出血的临床研究

目的 探讨改良式宫颈环扎术治疗前置胎盘子宫下段出血的治疗效果.方法 选取2013年7月1日至2014年6月30日20例前置胎盘剖宫产术中子宫下段出血患者,采用改良式宫颈环扎术进行治疗(观察组),并与2012年7月1日至2013年6月30日20例未行改良式宫颈环扎术的前置胎盘剖宫产术中子宫下段出血患者(对照组)进行比较,比较术中出血量、输红细胞悬液量、手术时间.结果 观察组与对照组术中出血量分别为(517.50±388.41)mL、(842.50±533.68)mL,输红细胞悬液量(10.90±0.78)U、(2.60±1.35)U,手术时间(73.15±14.60)min、(95.10±10.95) min,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且两组均无明显并发症发生.结论 针对前置胎盘子宫下段出血的患者,实施改良式宫颈环扎术进行止血,能有效降低出血量,值得进一步研究.     

紧急宫颈环扎术治疗宫颈机能不全致晚期流产和早产的临床应用价值

目的:探讨紧急宫颈环扎术在宫颈机能不全所致晚期流产和早产中的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2013年3月至2015年10月我院收治18例行紧急宫颈环扎术患者的临床资料。结果:18例行紧急宫颈环扎术患者延长孕龄4~146天,11例早产,2例足月分娩,5例流产,共得到存活新生儿15例。宫颈口扩张2~6 cm组与2 cm组新生儿出生体质量、Apgar评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),6 cm组的新生儿出生体质量、Apgar评分与2~6 cm组、2 cm组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:紧急宫颈环扎术可有效延长孕周,改善妊娠结局,提高新生儿存活率,是宫颈机能不全患者宫颈口扩张、胎膜突出时的有效治疗手段,对于宫颈口扩张6 cm的效果更好。     

钢丝环扎加记忆合金髌骨爪治疗髌骨下极骨折

正2014年6月~2015年8月,我科采用钢丝环扎加记忆合金髌骨爪治疗68例髌骨下极骨折患者,疗效良好,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组68例,男43例,女25例,年龄23~65岁。均为闭合新鲜髌骨下极骨折。受伤至手术时间为2~7 d。1.2治疗方法硬膜外麻醉下手术。取髌横行直切口,显露骨折端,用带眼克氏针引钢丝自髌骨上极大型骨块横行穿过,绕髌韧带紧贴髌骨下极穿出,复位同     

宫腔水囊填塞结合宫颈环扎术在产后出血治疗中的应用

目的 探讨宫腔Foley水囊填塞结合宫颈环扎术治疗产后出血的临床应用价值.方法 将42例产后出血经常规处理无效的患者,按治疗方法不同分为研究组（n=18）和对照组（n=24）,研究组应用水囊填塞结合宫颈环扎治疗,对照组应用水囊填塞联合阴道纱布填塞治疗,比较两组的疗效.结果 两组患者的止血时间和术后24 h出血量比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 宫腔水囊填塞结合宫颈环扎术在治疗产后出血时能更好地防止水囊脱落.     

宫颈环扎联合宫腔镜手术及子宫动脉栓塞术对宫颈妊娠的手术研究

目的：研究宫颈环扎联合宫腔镜手术与子宫动脉栓塞手术在宫颈妊娠手术中的应用效果,为宫颈妊娠手术方案的选择提供可靠依据。方法对本院2013年3月~2014年9月接诊的36例宫颈妊娠产妇进行回顾性分析,随机分为对照组与观察组。对照组18例产妇选用宫腔镜手术联合甲氨蝶呤肌内注射的方案进行治疗,观察组18例产妇选用宫颈环扎联合宫腔镜手术及子宫动脉栓塞术的方案进行治疗。结果相较于对照组,观察组术后血HCG、月经恢复正常时间明显更短,生活质量评分明显更高(P<0.05)。全体患者均顺利通过手术,对照组与观察组总满意度分别为66.7%、94.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后均未出现发热、腹痛等不适反应。结论宫颈环扎联合宫腔镜手术与子宫动脉栓塞手术在宫颈妊娠手术中有良好的应用价值,值得推广应用。     

子宫下段环扎术治疗凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术后出血的效果

目的：探讨子宫下段环扎术治疗凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术后出血的临床效果。方法选择我院2011年1月~2014年1月收治的54例凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产后出血患者,患者分为观察组和对照组各27例。观察组采用子宫下段剖宫产术止血,对照组采用宫腔纱布填塞止血。比较两组治疗效果。结果干预前观察组和对照组出血量、缩宫素用量差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液的用量、干预时出血量、干预后出血量、术中总出血量、干预时间、总输血量均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组的止血成功率为96.30%,对照组为92.59%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组均未发生子宫坏死、感染、宫腔积血等并发症。结论子宫下段环扎术治疗凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术后出血,止血迅速,出血量少,可减少产后出血发生率,值得临床推广。