64层CT下肢动脉成像技术研究

目的探讨64层CT下肢动脉成像强化质量的对比剂注射方式。方法前瞻性地选择60例疑诊下肢动脉病变的病人,利用64层螺旋CT行下肢动脉CT血管成像。采用不同的扫描和重建参数,应用370mgI/100ml浓度的对比剂100ml团注或采用先70ml的对比剂后50ml的0.9%生理盐水用双筒高压注射器分别以4.0ml/s的注射速度团注入肘静脉,应用对比剂追踪触发扫描方式待腹主动脉CT阈值达120HU时延迟7s开始扫描;利用MIP和VR方式重建CTA图像;对比不同参数和不同对比剂应用方式的CT血管成像图像质量。结果最佳的扫描与重建参数为准直64×0.6mm,螺距1.5,层厚1.0,重建间隔50%;最佳的对比剂应用方式为(浓度为370mgI/100ml)对比剂70ml、生理盐水50ml以4.0ml/s注射速度按先后顺序团注。结论选择合适的准直、螺距以保证适当的扫描速度,选择合适的对比剂浓度、用量和注射速度以保证血管内足够的对比剂峰值浓度及峰值持续时间,此二者是64层CT下肢动脉成像成功的关键。     

冠状动脉造影正常的急性心肌梗死患者的临床特点

目的：探讨冠状动脉造影（CAG）正常的急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者的发生机制及临床特点。方法：分析2000年6月至2001年10月86例AMI患者的CAG结果及冠心病相关危险因素。结果：86例中CAG正常者8例，年龄（39＋11．4）（25－52）岁；多无心绞痛史、高血压史、糖尿病史、血脂异常史及家族史；以情绪波动、精神压抑、大量吸烟、饮酒史者居多。结论：冠状动脉痉挛、血栓自溶或溶栓治疗后血栓消失是其主要发生机制；冠状动脉正常的AMI患者其貌似正常，实属高危人群，应高度重视。     

Spinal arteriography: a primer

Spinal arteriography is an esoteric procedure that is seldom nerformed by peripheral interventionalists. This presentation is intended to outline some of the essential points that the interventionalist performing the procedure should be aware of,especially about spinal dural arierioyenous fistulae (SDAVF).     

选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗肾剌伤的临床应用

目的:探讨选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗肾损伤的优越性及其临床应用。材料与方法:同时使用两种栓塞材料——可吸收的明胶海棉条和美国COOK公司产38-3-5弹簧栓子,治疗了两例肾剌伤患者,两例均为男性,年龄分别为20和35岁。结果:两例患者肾刺伤后均经受过保守治疗,治疗时间分别为14和22天,但未奏效。经超选择性肾内动脉分支栓塞、取得了十分满意的止血效果,后随访3～4年,患者一切感觉正常。结论:选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗肾刀刺伤后肾出血是一种安全、可靠、有效的方法。     

冠状动脉造影正常的急性心肌梗塞

目的 :分析 11例冠脉造影 (CAG)正常的急性心肌梗塞 (AMI)患者的临床特征 ,并探讨其发病机理。方法 :132例临床确诊的AMI于MI后 3— 4周行CAG ,据CAG结果分为冠状动脉正常组 (A组 )和冠状动脉病变组 (B组 )。结果 :132例AMI中 11例CAG正常 ,占 8.3% ;A组与B组相比 :A组明显年轻 ,男性比率明显高于B组 ,除吸烟外 ,其他冠心病主要危险因子相对较少 ,梗塞前心绞痛史显著少于B组 ;A组 11例患者其AMI临床表现、心电图演变与心肌酶变化典型 ,7例尿激酶溶栓再通 ,2例无效 ,2例未溶栓 ;左室造影示A组中室壁瘤发生率高 ,但LVEF高于B组 ;A组 11例患者随访 1年均存活。结论 :AMI可发生于CAG正常的患者 ,其临床症状典型 ,发病趋向于年轻男性 ,除吸烟外 ,其他危险因子相对较少 ,发病机制主要与冠状动脉痉挛 (CAS)和 /或血栓形成有关 ;室壁瘤发生率高 ,可能与侧枝循环不能及时有效建立有关。CAG正常的AMI患者预后好于冠状动脉狭窄的AMI患者     

Diagnostic Criteria for Renovascular Hypertension

Renovascular hypertension is a clinical situation characterized by high blood pressure in the presence of renal ischemia mainly related to atherosclerotic or fibromuscular dysplasic narrowing of the renal artery (ies). This diagnosis is often “a posteriori” validated, because the discovery of a significant renal artery stenosis is not obligatory responsible of the blood pressure elevation.

This article proposes a diagnostic strategy for exploring patient with this suspected secondary cause of hypertension before proposing an invasive approach (intra-arterial angiography) possibly followed by a revascularization. However, the methods for exploring such population are mainly based on patient characteristics and local expertise and habits. These must thus be individualized. First, clinical symptoms or signs frequently associated with hypertension and renal artery stenosis must be searched. If present, a non invasive and functional exploration of the renal arteries is to be proposed (Captopril radioisotope renography, colour duplex sonography) followed by magnetic resonance angiography or spiral computer tomography angiography if the clinical suspicion index is moderate or high. If this is very high, an intraarterial arteriography could immediately be performed if not too dangerous. On the opposite site, if the clinical index is low, it is recommended to follow clinically and to treat risk factors.     

Coronary arteriographic findings in a case of primary angiosarcoma of the heart

A case of primary angiosarcoma of the heart diagnosed duringlife is presented. Selective coronary arteriography providedthe clue for the correct pre-operative identification of thetumor, showing angiomatous dilatations over the area suppliedby the right coronary artery. A small left-to-right shunt wasdetected by oximetry at the atrioventricular level, furtherconfirming the angiomatous nature of the tumor.     

不同给药周期对硝酸酯类药物耐药性的影响

目的 通过观察冠脉血管的扩张程度来研究不同的给药周期对耐药性产生的影响。方法 将120例冠心病并拟进行冠状动脉造影术的患者分为4组：间断给药组、短程持续给药组、长程持续给药组、空白对照组。进行冠状动脉造影术时冠脉内注射硝酸异山梨酯1 mg,测量给药前及给药2 min后前降支(left anterior descending coronary artery,LAD)近端及回旋支(left circumflex branch of coronary artery,LCX)近端管径,计算平均扩张程度,进而评价患者硝酸酯药物的耐药程度。结果 单因素方差分析显示各组LAD和LCX及平均扩张度不完全相同,长程持续用药组扩张度明显低于间断给药组及空白对照组(P<0.05或0.01),短程持续用药组扩张度与其他3组均无明显差异,空白对照组与间断用药组无明显差异。结论 硝酸酯类药物长期使用(>72 h)会产生一定的耐药性,短时程持续使用也可出现不显著的耐药性,间断使用(每天8~10 h空白期)可避免耐药的发生。     

Epidermoid cyst in intrapancreatic accessory spleen: A systematic review

Background/Objectives

Due to its rarity, epidermoid cyst in intrapancreatic accessory spleen (ECIPAS) is still a diagnostic dilemma during clinical practice. The aim of this review was to summarize the epidemiologic features and management of ECIPAS.