复方利多卡因乳膏的抗炎镇痛和抗过敏止痒的实验观察

目的:研究复方利多卡因乳膏的抗炎镇痛和抗敏止痒的作用,为该药的临床研究提供依据。方法:采用小鼠耳廓肿胀法、小鼠热板法、大鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应法、磷酸组胺致痒法等模型和方法,观察不同剂量的复方利多卡因乳膏对实验性动物的抗炎作用、镇痛作用、抗过敏作用和止痒作用的效果。结果:复方利多卡因乳膏能有效地抑制二甲苯引起的小鼠耳廓的炎症肿胀,能显著提高热板试验小鼠的痛阈,能不同程度地抑制抗血清诱发的大鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应,能明显增加豚鼠耐受磷酸组胺的致痒阈,并均呈现良好的量效依赖关系。结论:复方利多卡因乳膏具有抗炎、镇痛、抗过敏和止痒作用,为临床应用提供了实验依据。     

消屑灵软膏的抗炎、镇痛及止痒作用研究

目的：研究消屑灵软膏的抗炎．镇痛及止痒作用。方法：采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廊肿胀法．蛋清致大鼠足肿胀法．小鼠热板法和右旋糖酐致瘙痒法观察消屑灵软膏的药理作用。结果：消屑灵软膏对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廊急性炎症和对蛋清所致大鼠足肿胀有明显抑制作用,且能提高小鼠热板法引起的疼痛阈值,并有效对抗右旋糖酐所致小鼠瘙痒。结论：消屑灵软膏具有良好的抗炎．镇痛和止痒作用。     

刺山柑软膏抗炎止痒作用评价

目的：评价刺山柑软膏的抗炎、止痒作用。方法：昆明小鼠50只,随机分为基质组（10只）、丙酸氯倍他索组（10只）、刺山柑软膏组（低、中剂量各10只）,通过对二甲苯致鼠耳肿胀和冰醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高的影响评价刺山柑软膏抗炎作用,通过对右旋糖酐致小鼠全身瘙痒的影响评价刺山柑软膏止痒作用。结果：刺山柑乳膏可抑制鼠耳肿胀和腹腔毛细血管通透性增高．减轻小鼠全身瘙痒,且呈剂量依赖性。结论：刺山柑软膏具有抗炎、止痒作用。     

湿热颗粒抗炎、止痒的实验研究

目的研究湿热颗粒抗炎止痒的作用。方法通过湿热颗粒对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型、角叉菜胶所致大鼠足跖肿胀模型的影响,观察湿热颗粒对炎症的影响;通过湿热颗粒对葡聚糖-40所致的小鼠瘙痒模型、磷酸组胺豚鼠致痒模型的影响,观察湿热颗粒对瘙痒的影响。结果与模型组比较,湿热颗粒各剂量组能显著降低二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀度,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);湿热颗粒中剂量组能显著降低角叉菜胶致炎后30 min,1、2、3、4、6 h大鼠足趾肿胀率,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);湿热颗粒中剂量、高剂量组能显著延长葡聚糖-40所致小鼠瘙痒的潜伏期及减少其瘙痒次数,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);湿热颗粒中剂量、高剂量组能显著增加磷酸组胺所致豚鼠瘙痒的致痒阈,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论湿热颗粒具有抗炎、止痒的作用。     

Novel drugs for the treatment of chronic pruritus

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chronic pruritus (CP) is a multidimensional condition severely affecting the quality of life of those affected. Although a multitude of topical and systemic agents are recommended for CP of different origins, the condition often remains refractory to treatment. However, a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of CP is leading to the development of novel antipruritic drugs.

Areas covered: This paper reviews antipruritic therapies in development by gathering data from recently published articles and clinical trials databases. Interleukin-31 antibodies and other biologics, neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists, opioid-receptor agonists/antagonists, TrkA-antagonists, and ileal bile acid transporter inhibitors are discussed.

Expert opinion: Clinical trials have rendered promising data on the antipruritic efficacy and safety of novel drugs, but further studies are necessary to enhance our understanding of the different conditions associated with CP. High-quality clinical trial data is necessary for these agents to be approved for the treatment. Basic research should be intensified to identify pathways relevant for CP and to further the development of new specific antipruritic drugs.