Fetal and perinatal stem cells in cardiac regeneration: Moving forward to the paracrine era

Cardiovascular disease (CD) is a major burden for Western society. Regenerative medicine has provided encouraging results, yet it has not addressed the focal defects causing CD and mainly related to the inefficient repair programme of the heart. In this scenario, stem cells have been broadly investigated and their paracrine effect proposed as a possible working strategy to boost endogenous mechanisms of repair and regeneration from within the cardiac tissue.The scientific community is now focusing on identifying the most effective stem cell secretome, as the whole of bioactive factors and extracellular vesicles secreted by stem cells and endowed with regenerative potential. Indeed, the adult stem cell-paracrine potential for cardiac regeneration have been widely analyzed with positive outcome. Nevertheless, low yield, invasive sampling and controversial self-renewal may limit adult stem cell application. On the contrary, fetal and perinatal stem cells, which can be easily isolated from leftover sample via prenatal screening during gestation or as clinical waste material after birth, can offer an ideal alternative. These broadly multipotent immature progenitors share features with both adult and embryonic stem cells, show high self-renewal, but they are not tumorigenic neither cause any ethical concern. While fetal and perinatal stem cells demonstrated to improve cardiac function when injected in the injured heart, the comprehensive characterization of their secretome for future applications is still at its infancy.In this review, we will discuss the paracrine potential of the fetal and perinatal stem cell secretome to provide cardiac repair and resurge the dormant mechanisms of cardiac regeneration for future therapy.     

冻干蜂王浆软胶囊的制备及稳定性影响因素研究

目的:制备冻干蜂王浆软胶囊并对其稳定性及影响因素进行实验研究。方法:以内容物沉降体积比为考察指标,筛选出适宜的助悬剂和工艺,轧制软胶囊,并考察其在冷藏、室温和高温高湿下的稳定性。HPLC法测定稳定性及不同影响因素下10-HAD含量的变化。结果:中试生产成品率90以上,软胶囊成品冷藏质量稳定,室温及高温高湿条件下产品质量明显下降,软胶囊壳中的水分对10-HAD的含量有明显影响。结论:冻干蜂王浆软胶囊的制剂成型工艺可行,产品贮存以冷藏为宜。     

Videosialoendoscopic assessment of bilateral atresia of the Wharton's duct orifice in an infant

Atresia of the submandibular ducts (particularly the duct orifice) is a rare occurrence that is mainly observed in newborns or infants; moreover, its differential diagnosis with other anomalies of the oral floor is sometimes difficult. Given the lack of data concerning the differences between atresia of the orifice of Wharton's duct and other anomalies of the submandibular duct system, we describe here the findings of videosialoendoscopic assessment of the salivary duct system in an infant who underwent traditional surgery for bilateral atresia of the orifice of Wharton's duct. During sialoendoscopy, a trifurcation of the main duct, a normal variant of the more common bifurcation of the secondary branches of the salivary duct system, was observed bilaterally. No other ductal anomalies were encountered. Complete resolution of the symptoms and complete patency of both ducts at 19-month follow-up evaluation were observed. In conclusion, although spontaneous resolution of the disease during feeding is possible, minimal incision of the orifice of the imperforated submandibular duct together with diagnostic videosialoendoscopy of the main salivary duct system may be considered as part of the modern approach to salivary obstructive disorders in pediatric age as is currently the case for sialolithiasis and recurrent juvenile parotitis.     

Fourteen-day safety and acceptability study of the universal placebo gel

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of the so-called universal placebo compared to the polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) placebo on genital irritation. DESIGN: A single-center, Phase I, randomized, closed-label study was performed to evaluate the genital irritation of microbicide placebo gels. Thirty healthy, sexually abstinent women were randomly assigned to apply 3.5 mL of either the universal placebo or the PSS placebo gel intravaginally twice daily for 14 days. METHODS: Genital irritation was assessed by signs as seen on pelvic examination and colposcopy and reports of symptoms. Vaginal health was assessed by wet mounts, Gram stains for Nugent score and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and semiquantitative vaginal cultures. Acceptability was assessed as reported on the follow-up questionnaire. RESULTS: The universal placebo was less irritating than the PSS placebo with a lower proportion of women experiencing signs and/or symptoms of genital irritation throughout follow-up (36% compared to 80%, p=.0253). The universal placebo was associated with few and mild genital symptoms, few and minor colposcopic findings and good vaginal health with no clinically significant changes in genital flora. Most participants found the feel of the universal placebo gel neutral or pleasant, and all participants found it odorless. CONCLUSIONS: The universal placebo appeared safe and acceptable when used twice daily for 14 days. The strategy of creating a de novo inert universal placebo is a successful approach. The universal placebo is appropriate for use as a placebo gel in HIV prevention trials with microbicide candidates.     

茯苓蜂皇浆对体外人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞的抗衰老研究

以体外培养的人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞(HELF 2BS株)为材料。当细胞培养至25代时,将细胞分为加茯苓蜂皇浆的给药组和不加茯苓蜂皇浆的对照组。2组在相同条件下传代培养,直至细胞停止增殖。结果表明:给药组细胞能生长到65代,而对照组细胞仅存活至55代。实验组细胞寿命比对照组提高18％。提示茯苓蜂皇浆对人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞有一定的抗衰老作用。     

改良型冷敷带预防泪囊鼻腔吻合术后并发症的观察

目的 观察自制改良型冷敷带预防泪囊鼻腔吻合术病人术后并发症效果.方法 选择泪囊鼻腔吻合术后病人70例分为观察组33例(39眼)和对照组37例(42眼).观察组采用自制改良型冷敷带进行泪囊鼻腔吻合术后冷敷,对照组采用传统冰袋进行术后冷敷.结果 观察组术后4 h内发生出血、疼痛等并发症显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组塑形缺如、滑脱移位、潮湿、压迫不适等方面均明显低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 自制改良型冷敷带能有效预防泪囊鼻腔吻合术后并发症,增加病人舒适感,有效地促进了眼科术后病人快速康复.     

缺血性心脏病干细胞治疗的争论热点与最新进展

文章讨论了细胞修复治疗在缺血性心脏病中的应用。介绍了不同类型细胞的心脏修复效应。重点介绍了胚胎干细胞(ESCs)及诱导型多能干细胞(iPS)临床应用障碍,而ESC及iPS源心脏前体细胞,心肌源性干细胞等修复心肌的最新进展。尤其重点描述了来自于人胚外或胚胎中胚层的脐带华通胶源间充质干细胞的细胞生物学特性,如：兼有胚胎干细胞及间充质干细胞标志特征,无伦理道德问题,多向分化而无致肿瘤性,多代增殖保持干性特征,独特的免疫调节功能等,使之WJ MSCs将成为心脏再生医学中最具希望的种子细胞。     

人脐带间充质干细胞分离培养及表面标志检测

 目的　探讨体外分离培养人脐带源间充质干细胞（hUCMSC）的方法,并检测hUCMSC的表面标志。方法　分离脐带华通胶（Wharton's jelly）,将其剪碎后利用组织块贴壁法培养获得hUCMSC,生长至一定密度后进行传代,采用流式细胞术检测第3代hUCMSC表面标志。结果　由人脐带华通胶可方便、有效地获得hUCMSC,其体外生长形态类似成纤维细胞,并可稳定增殖和传代。hUCMSC表面标志CD29、CD44、CD105高表达,而表面标志CD45、CD34、HLA-DR、HLA-G、CD80、CD86不表达。结论　利用人脐带华通胶组织块培养可有效获得hUCMSC,为组织工程提供丰富的细胞来源。     

蜂王浆含片的性功能药效研究

目的:观察蜂王浆含片益肾壮阳的药效学作用。方法:采用氢化可的松和去势手术造成阳虚模型,观察比较各组体温、体质量、自主活动;采用戊巴比妥钠制作的去势大鼠模型,观察比较各组的阴茎勃起潜伏期。结果:蜂王浆含片能提高氢化可的松肾虚模型小鼠的体质量、体温、自主次数,可缩短去势大鼠阴茎勃起潜伏期,同时明显增强雄性大鼠的交配能力。结论:蜂王浆含片有补肾壮阳作用。     

高效液相色谱法测定蜂王浆含片中10-羟基-2-癸烯酸的含量

目的研究蜂王浆含片中10-羟基-2-癸烯酸的含量测定。方法采用高效液相色谱法进行测定。选用ODS柱(5mm×245mm,5μm),甲醇-0.03mol/L盐酸溶液-水(55∶10∶5)为流动相,流量为1.0mL/min,检测波长为210nm。结果 10-羟基-2-癸烯酸在0.110～0.660μg之间线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.999 6,回收率为100.12%,RSD为1.36%。结论方法灵敏、简便、准确,可用于本制剂的测定和质量控制指标。