Toxicité de la chimiothérapie d’induction par docétaxel,platine, 5-fluorouracile (TPF) pour les cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures localement évolués en routine clinique : importance du statut nutritionnel

PurposeThe objective of this study was to identify predictive factors of toxicity of docetaxel, platin, 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancers.Patients and methodsFrom July 2009 to March 2015, 57 patients treated consecutively with TPF were included retrospectively. There were 47 males (83%), the median age was 56 years [40–71 years]. Thirty-eight patients (67%) were treated for inoperable cancer (highly symptomatic and/or high tumor burden) and 19 (33%) were treated for laryngeal preservation. There were 47% stage IVa, 32% stage III and 21% stage IVb. At diagnosis, there were 53% stable weight, 28% grade 1 weight loss, 17% grade 2 weight loss and 2% grade 3 weight loss.ResultsForty-seven percent of patients were in partial response after TPF, 28% in complete response, 7% stable, 2% progressing and 2% discordant response. The possibility of oral feeding without a feeding tube was predictive of a better response (P = 0.02). Thirty-nine percent of patients increased weight during TPF, 35% were stable, 18% in grade 1 weight loss, 6% in grade 2 and 2% in grade 3. Six of the patients (10.5%) died during chemotherapy: four from febrile neutropenia, one from pneumopathy and one of unknown cause. Age 57 years and older was associated with a higher risk of grade ≥ 3 anemia and thrombocytopenia. There was a higher risk of grade ≥ 3 infection for weight loss at diagnosis (P = 0.04) and feeding tube (P = 0.05). There was a higher risk of grade ≥ 3 neutropenia for weight loss during TPF (P = 0.03).ConclusionInduction chemotherapy by TPF has an strong anti-tumor efficacy (75.5% objective response) but an important morbidity with 10% toxic deaths in our very symptomatic population with a very important tumor burden. Age and nutritional status are important factors to consider.     

Carcinomes épidermoïdes de l’hypopharynx et du larynx : prise en charge fondée sur les preuves

Squamous cell carcinomas of larynx and hypopharynx can be treated by surgery and/or radiotherapy according to tumor size. For small tumors, the results are similar. For locally advanced tumors, the surgical approach is mutilating and requires a total (pharyngo)laryngectomy. Exclusive chemoradiotherapy has shorow>n its interest at the cost of late sequelae. In order to reduce these effects and mutilation, induction chemotherapy row>ith cisplatin, docetaxel and 5FU for organ preservation becomes the standard treatment but there are no solid studies comparing this approach row>ith the exclusive chemoradiotherapy. And it is not possible to conclude as to the superiority of a scheme in terms of overall survival. ROW>hen chemotherapy is chosen, the modalities of any potentiation of radiation have not been yet established.     

TPF方案诱导时间调节化疗对局部晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效、毒副反应和患者免疫功能的影响

目的：分析 TPF方案诱导时间调节化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效、毒副反应和对患者免疫功能的影响。方法收集就诊晚期鼻咽癌患者82例,患者首先进行TPF方案诱导化疗,再进行调强放射治疗。按照患者及家属的意愿随机分为2组,其中,在TPF方案诱导化疗过程中A组的43例患者实行诱导时间调节化疗,B组的39例患者实行诱导常规化疗。比较2组患者的近期疗效、毒副反应和患者的免疫功能情况。结果2组患者在化疗后分别有43例、39例患者可以进行疗效评估,A组患者的有效率为83．72％显著高于B组的51．28％（χ2＝9．9384,P＝0．0016）;A、B 2组患者在放疗后分别有41例、37例患者可以进行疗效评估,A组患者的有效率为100％显著高于B组的89．19％（χ2＝4．6720,P＝0．0307）;2组患者的白细胞（WBC）减少、中性粒细胞（GRA）减少的血液学毒副反应发生比例间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;而血红蛋白（HGB）减少、血小板（PLT）减少、丙基酸氨基转移酶（ALT）增多、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（ AST ）增多以及肌酐增多的血液学毒副反应发生比例比较,差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）;2组患者的恶心、呕吐、便秘、腹泻以及口腔黏膜炎的非血液学毒副反应发生比例间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;其他非血液学毒副反应（厌食、乏力、皮疹和感染）发生比例比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;化疗前2组患者的外周血淋巴细胞（ CD ＋3、CD4＋、CD8＋、CD4＋／CD8＋、CD1＋9和CD1＋6＋CD5＋6）百分比间比较,差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）;化疗后,2组患者CD4＋／CD8＋的百分比比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;而化疗后其他淋巴细胞间比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论对于局部晚期鼻咽癌患者,采用TPF方案诱导时间调节化疗方式的近期疗效较好、毒副反应较低、免疫功能受影响较小,值得临床上应用推广。     

EGFR mono-antibody salvage therapy for locally advanced and distant metastatic penile cancer: Clinical outcomes and genetic analysis

Purpose

There are limited therapeutic options for patients with advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) after chemotherapy failure. Thus, we evaluated the feasibility of salvage treatment using the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mono-antibody nimotuzumab in chemotherapy-failed PSCC patients and explored potential response or resistance biomarkers.

口腔鳞状细胞癌术前TPF化疗患者的护理

目的 探讨TPF化疗方案在口腔癌治疗中的临床应用及常见的毒副反应,总结TPF化疗方案治疗的护理要点及并发症的防治.方法 我科2009年4月至2010年6月期间共有14例口腔鳞状细胞癌患者术前进行TPF化疗.均严格按化疗程序进行化疗前预处理,掌握用药方法并合理安排用药时间,严密观察化疗药物的毒副反应并采取积极有效的护理措施.结果 14例患者中,其中出现食欲不振7例,恶心不适6例,呕吐5例,腹部不适5例.胸闷憋气、乏力2例.出现皮肤瘙痒、皮疹3例,无并发过敏性休克.静脉炎3例,无并发皮肤溃烂、坏死.结论 TPF化疗方案治疗口腔癌过程中,应重视患者的心理护理,合理安排用药,加强化疗药物毒副反应的观察和护理,可有效减少并发症的发生,减轻不良反应,有助于化疗的顺利完成.     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a comprehensive treatment in patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is important for advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma (LHC).

Aims/objectives: To determine the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of docetaxel, nedaplatin, and 5-fluorouracil in induction treatment of advanced LHC.

Material and methods: A total of 157 cancer patients were included. The primary endpoints of this study were overall response rate, pathological complete response rate, the safety of induction treatment, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results: After two-cycle induction treatment, 17(10.8%) patients experienced complete remission, 76 (48.4%) experienced partial remission, 47 (30.0%) had stable disease, and 17 (10.8%) had progressive disease. The TNM stage decreased by two or more in 17 cases, decreased by one in 71 cases, increased in 15 cases, and did not change in 54 cases after induction treatment. Most of the adverse chemotherapy responses were alleviated by symptomatic management. After the induction treatment, 29 patients continued receiving chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, and 112 underwent surgical management depending on tumor site followed by radiotherapy. The median PFS was 13.00?±?2.10 months and the median OS was 14.20?±?0.29 months.

Conclusions and significance: Combination of docetaxel, nedaplatin, and 5-fluorouracil plays an important role in the comprehensive treatment of advanced LHC.     

Nrf2对口腔鳞癌患者TPF诱导化疗效果的影响

目的: 检测核转录相关因子2（Nrf2）在口腔鳞癌组织中的表达,探讨其对TPF诱导化疗效果的影响。方法: 选择65例接受TPF诱导化疗的口腔鳞癌患者,采用免疫组织化学方法检测患者活检肿瘤标本中Nrf2的表达,分析Nrf2表达与患者基线资料及预后的关系。采用SPSS 23.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果: 生存分析发现,口腔鳞癌患者Nrf2表达与TPF诱导化疗预后显著相关,Nrf2低表达者较高表达者具有更好的总生存率、无疾病生存率、局部无复发生存率、无远处转移生存率。单因素及多因素Cox风险模型分析发现,Nrf2是口腔鳞癌患者TPF化疗的独立预后风险因素。结论: Nrf2表达与口鳞癌患者TPF诱导化疗疗效相关,Nrf2低表达患者预后更好,Nrf2可作为预测口腔鳞癌患者TPF诱导化疗效果的生物标志物。     

Place et intérêt de la chimiothérapie d’induction des cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures

Induction chemotherapy must be integrated in a global approach for locally advanced head and neck cancer. Its use has theoretical advantages but should not compromise locoregional radiotherapy. Induction chemotherapy is a standard for organ preservation with the use of the TPF scheme to avoid total laryngectomy without compromising survival data. It is more controversial in other locally advanced head and neck cancer because concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care. It may be an option for patients with significant lymph node invasion to reduce the occurrence of distant metastasis.     

多层螺旋CT对胫骨平台骨折分型及治疗的临床价值

[目的]探讨多层螺旋CT(MSCT)容积重组技术(VRT)和多平面重建(MPR)在胫骨平台骨折(TPF)分型及治疗中的临床应用价值.[方法]2005年8月-2009年2月对45例49侧TPF患者的病例资料进行回顾性分析.其中男32例,女13例;年龄20～65岁(平均46岁).4例为双侧TPF.所有患者均行X线检查和64层螺旋CT扫描仪扫描.在轴位CT扫描后行VRT和MPR成像.按照Schatzker分型标准,应用X线片与64层螺旋CT扫描(包括VRT、MPR成像)分别进行分型和制定相应的治疗方案.[结果]参考VRT、MPR成像后,更改X线分型13侧(13/49)、更改治疗方案8侧(8/49)、发现胫骨髁问嵴骨折15侧(漏诊率46.9%)和腓骨近端骨折6例(漏诊率28.6%).[结论]MSCT(VRT+MPR)可以清晰显示TPF塌陷的范围和程度、细节及隐匿骨折,有助于骨折的正确分型、降低漏诊率和选择合理的治疗方案,是X线片和轴位CT扫描有效的补充手段,具有较高临床应用价值.