The effect of age on event-related potentials (ERP) associated with face naming and with the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) state

This study examined the effects of aging on the ERP components associated with the different processing stages in a face naming task. Two hundred photographs were presented to 13 young and 10 elderly adults, who had to press a button and then to say the name aloud (KNOW condition), or “Can’t remember” if they were experiencing a tip-of-the-tongue state (TOT condition). Young adults showed larger ERP amplitudes in KNOW than in TOT in the 550-750 and 1550-2000 ms intervals, but the older adults did not show any such differences. The older adults showed a specific lengthening in ERP latencies from 250 ms onwards, and smaller mean amplitudes in the 550-750 ms interval in the KNOW category and in the 750-1000 ms interval in both categories, and a wider and more frontalized scalp topographical distribution of the ERP amplitudes than the young adults. The results may indicate activation of compensatory mechanisms in elderly adults.     

压力性尿失禁手术治疗现状

女性压力性尿失禁是一种常见疾病,其发生率随妇女年龄的增长而增加,影响着妇女的生活质量和身心健康.压力性尿失禁定义为腹压的突然增加导致尿液不自主漏出.压力性尿失禁是由于腹内压升高并下传到膀胱使膀胱内压的升高超过膀胱颈和尿道括约肌产生的压力而导致漏尿.压力性尿失禁以手术治疗为主,手术治疗方案很多.该文主要综述目前可行的几种手术方式和临床观察的数据,新的手术方式及对材料的近期观察结果显示出了良好的治愈率和较高的患者满意率及较低的并发症发病率,但目前尚缺乏关于新术式和新材料长期有效的观察数据.     

TVT-O治疗女性压力性尿失禁的效果研究

目的 探讨经闭孔无张力尿道悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁的临床效果.方法 本组80例患者均为2011年8月～2013年10月我院确诊的女性压力性尿失禁患者,按照入院的先后顺序分为TVT-O组40例,采用TVT-O治疗;TOT组40例,采用TOT治疗,比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、治愈率,治疗前后I-QOL评分及P-ISQ评分.结果 TVT-O组及TOT组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及治愈率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.两组术后I-QOL评分与术前比较明显较高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;术后P-ISQ评分与术前比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.TOT组术前及术后I-QOL评分、P-ISQ评分与TVT-O组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 TVT-O与TOT治疗女性压力性尿失禁效果相当,可以作为一种安全有效的方法治疗女性压力性尿失禁.     

TOT手术在治疗女性SUI中的临床观察

目的：探讨经闭孔尿道中段悬吊术治疗女性压力性尿失禁的有效性和安全性。方法：采用TOT方法治疗女性压力性尿失禁患者23例,对比分析术前术后ICI－Q－SF评分、最大尿流率、残余尿检测等临床指标进行分析。结果：术后患者随访12－36月,均治愈,无失败病例;其中手术前后ICI－Q－SF评分、尿动力学检查差异有统计学意义。结论：经闭孔尿道中段无张力悬吊术（TOT）治疗女性压力性尿失禁安全、微创、效果满意,对改善压力性尿失禁患者生活质量具有重要意义。     

A study of neurophysiological measurements and various function tests on workers occupationally exposed to vibration

Summary Seventy male air grinder operators and 72 age-matched control workers were examined. Both groups of workers worked in the warm climate (20°–33°C) of southern Taiwan. None of the workers had symptoms of white fingers. The investigation program comprised: (1) case history, (2) physical examination, (3) determination of maximal motor conduction velocity, proximal and distal sensory conduction velocity (NCV) of the median and ulnar nerves of the right upper extremity, (4) measurement of skin temperature, nail press test, pain threshold and vibratory sense threshold of the upper extremities, and (5) testing of the motor function. The dose-effect correlation between the NCV, various function tests and total operating time (TOT) was performed by multiple stepwise regression analyses. The regression analyses revealed a statistically significant correlation (dose/effect) between the six NCV, vibratory sense threshold, pain threshold and age, as well as TOT.     

Tension-free vaginal tape sling for recurrent stress incontinence after transobturator tape sling failure

The transobturator tape (TOT) sling is a new minimally invasive technique to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Short-term follow-up studies show high success rates; however, as with any surgical treatment of SUI, failures are known to occur. The treatment of recurrent or persistent stress urinary incontinence after a TOT sling is therefore a new dilemma as well. In this paper, we describe the successful use of a retropubic tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) sling in five patients after failed TOT sling. We present case series of five patients who had TOT slings placed for stress incontinence that failed and subsequently had TVT slings placed for persistent SUI. The TVT slings were placed under local/regional anesthesia without removal of the TOT sling. Retrospective chart review of office and hospital charts was completed, and both objective and subjective data were collected. Five patients had TVT slings placed 6–30 weeks after early failure of TOT slings that were placed for stress urinary incontinence. Postoperatively, all patients with urodynamic testing showed evidence of intrinsic sphincter deficiency; however, all maintained urethral mobility of 30°. All five patients had successful treatment of their incontinence with the retropubic tension-free sling procedure with a mean follow-up of 17 months. Recurrent or persistent stress urinary incontinence after TOT sling may be treated with TVT sling without removal of the TOT sling. Further studies with larger numbers and longer-term follow-up is warranted.     

Transobturator tape,bladder perforation,and paravaginal defect: a case report

Transobturator midurethral slings (TOT) have been shown to have less risk of vascular and visceral injury than tension-free midurethral slings. Routine cystoscopy has therefore not been felt to be necessary. A case of bladder perforation unrecognized at the time of TOT placement is presented. Findings at sling removal suggested that a clinically nonapparent paravaginal defect may have been instrumental in the injury. Consideration should be given to routine cystoscopy at the time of transobturator sling placement.     

On the characterization of the spatio-temporal profiles of brain activity associated with face naming and the tip-of-the-tongue state: A magnetoencephalographic (MEG) study

The tip-of-the-tongue state (TOT) in face naming is a transient state of difficulty in access to a person's name along with the conviction that the name is known. The aim of the present study was to characterize the spatio-temporal course of brain activation in the successful naming and TOT states, by means of magnetoencephalography, during a face-naming task. Following famous face presentations, subjects indicated whether they knew the name, did not know the name, or experienced a TOT state. Next they produced the name aloud, if they could, although they did not indicate whether they retrieved any other information about the person. The TOT state was characterized by lower activation than for successful retrieval, in the 310-520 ms poststimulus interval, localized to left temporal and frontal areas, bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, and right fusiform gyrus, which may underlie the genesis of TOT. Greater activation was also found in the 740-820 ms interval, localized to bilateral occipital, left temporal, and right frontal and parietal areas, corresponding with the unfruitful search for the name after the TOT state was produced. These results showed the differential brain dynamics underlying searching for the name of a known individual according to whether the search was successful or subjectively rated as just short of success.