Matrine,oxymatrine, and compound Kushen injection from the roots of Sophora flavescens: an overview of their anticancer activities

In the present review, we updated current information on the chemistry, contents, and anticancer properties of matrine (MT), oxymatrine (OMT), and compound Kushen injection (CKI). The anticancer properties were focused on lung, breast, and liver cancer cells because they are most susceptible. Sources of information were from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Reference was also made on botanical websites, such as Flora of China and World Flora Online. MT and OMT are dominant quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora flavescens (Kushen) of the family Fabaceae. Against lung, breast, and liver cancer cells, MT and OMT inhibit cell proliferation; induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; restrict angiogenesis; and inhibit cell metastasis, invasion, and migration. The processes involve various molecular targets and signaling pathways. CKI is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of root extracts of S. flavescens and Smilax glabra (Baituling) of the family Smilacaceae. With MT and OMT as major components, CKI has been approved for the treatment of cancer in China more than 20 years ago. In recent years, systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been undertaken to evaluate the anticancer effects of CKI. When CKI is used alone and in combination with chemotherapy of western medicine, there is much to be learned concerning their interactions besides their individual and integrated efficacy. Some perspectives of MT, OMT, and CKI are discussed, and their suggestions for future research are provided.     

Fermented grain products, production, properties and benefits to health

Fermented foods such as Japanese traditional food “miso (fermented soy bean paste)” have been shown to be rich source of micronutrients with the potential to prevent various human diseases. We have introduced effects of a new dietary supplement of fermented grain foods mixture containing extracts from wheat germ, soybeans, rice bran, tear grass, sesame, wheat, citrus lemon, green tea, green leaf extract and malted rice under the trade name of antioxidant biofactor (AOB). Chemical analysis of AOB shows the presence of various phenolic compounds (catechins, rutin, genistin, daidzin, etc.). AOB has strong antioxidant properties and additional biological effects, which might be of importance in context with the prevention of degenerative diseases. This paper focuses on the effect of supplementing AOB in various animal models and humans.     

槐角的避孕成分研究(Ⅱ)——化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的分离和鉴定

本文报道从槐角中分离到的化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的鉴定。经紫外、核磁共振光谱分析及物理化学常数的测定,证明化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ分别为山萘酚-3-槐糖甙、染料木素-7-双葡萄糖甙、山萘酚-3-鼠李糖-双葡萄糖甙和染料木素-7-双葡萄糖-鼠李糖甙。这些甙水解后的甙元山萘酚和染料木素对小鼠具有抗生育活性。     

中药山豆根的形态组织学研究

对目前国内作山豆根用的9种不同植物来源的生药进行了形态组织学的比较研究,观察并描述了它们的生药性状和组织构造,并列出了生药的分种检索表。     

龙爪槐花中芦丁的薄层及紫外光谱鉴别

目的：对龙爪槐花中的芦丁进行定性鉴别。方法：采集不同花期龙爪槐的花，提取后用薄层层析法及紫外分光光度法进行芦丁的定性鉴别。结果：龙爪槐花中含有有效成分芦丁。结论：龙爪槐花可作为开发芦丁新的药源植物。     

自体微小颗粒骨复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子修复节段性骨缺损的实验研究

目的 探讨自体微小颗粒骨复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor，bFGF)治疗骨缺损的效果，为其临床应用提供实验依据。方法 将36只新西兰白兔双侧桡骨中上段制成骨缺损模型，分别植入自体微小颗粒骨、bFGF和自体微小颗粒骨与bFGF的复合物，同时设空白对照组，分别手术后第2、4、8周进行大体观察，X检查及组织学检查。术后第8周进行骨密度测定，比较修复骨缺损的疗效。结果 经大体观察、组织学及X线检查发现，术后第8周自体微小颗粒骨复合bFGF能更有效地修复节段性骨缺损，对照组无骨愈合迹象。术后第8周骨密度测定证明自体微小颗粒骨复合bFGF组骨密度值明显高于对照组。结论 自体微小颗粒骨复合bFGF组成骨速度快，成骨量多，修复骨缺损的能力明显强于自体微小颗粒骨组及单纯bFGF组。     

Whole Grain Intake and Insulin Sensitivity: Evidence from Observational Studies

Observational studies have found that diets rich in whole-grain foods are associated with improved insulin sensitivity. The improved insulin sensitivity may be mediated in part by magnesium and dietary fiber, two nutrients found in whole-grain foods. By incorporating whole-grain foods into the diet, therefore, insulin sensitivity might be improved .     

Al互连线微结构的EBSD分析与电徙动可靠性

采用电子背散射衍射技术(EBSD),测量了微电子器件中Al互连线的晶粒结构、晶体学取向和晶界特征.Al互连线制备及退火工艺影响着互连线的显微结构和电徙动中值寿命(MTF).结果表明,退火后晶粒明显长大,晶粒呈近竹节结构,形成很强的{111}织构,并使小角度晶界增加,从而提高了Al互连线的电徙动可靠性.     

Films of Carbon Nanomaterials for Transparent Conductors

The demand for transparent conductors is expected to grow rapidly as electronic devices, such as touch screens, displays, solid state lighting and photovoltaics become ubiquitous in our lives. Doped metal oxides, especially indium tin oxide, are the commonly used materials for transparent conductors. As there are some drawbacks to this class of materials, exploration of alternative materials has been conducted. There is an interest in films of carbon nanomaterials such as, carbon nanotubes and graphene as they exhibit outstanding properties. This article reviews the synthesis and assembly of these films and their post-treatment. These processes determine the film performance and understanding of this platform will be useful for future work to improve the film performance.