胆管空肠Roux-en-y吻合术后逆行性胆管感染的相关临床因素分析

目的：探讨胆管空肠Roux-en-y吻合术后逆行性胆管感染的相关临床因素。方法选择本院收治并实施胆管空肠Roux-en-y吻合术患者134例，分析糖尿病病史（有或无）、吻合口直径（≤2 cm或＞2 cm）、吻合方式（侧侧吻合、端侧吻合）、术前黄疸持续时间（≤7 d或＞7 d）、术前胆红素水平（≤171μmol/L或＞171μmol/L）、术中抗菌药物（有或无）对术后逆行性胆管感染的影响。结果合并糖尿病患者发生逆行性胆管感染发生率高于无糖尿病患者，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；吻合口直径≤2 cm患者发生逆行性胆管感染发生率高于吻合口直径＞2 cm患者，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；侧侧吻合患者的逆行性胆管感染发生率高于端侧吻合患者，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论胆管空肠Roux-en-y吻合术后逆行性胆管感染与患者是否合并糖尿病、吻合口大小及吻合方式有关，值得临床借鉴。     

�����ճ�����ε��ܿճ�Roux-en-Y�Ǻ������ٴ�Ӧ��

目的探讨结扎空肠输入段胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术的近期临床疗效。方法回顾分析吉林大学中日联谊医院2005年4月至2006年12月行结扎空肠输入段胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术41例的临床资料,并与同期行胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术48例进行比较。结果结扎空肠输入段胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合组术中完成胆肠吻合的时间、术后肠道功能恢复时间、住院时间均短于胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合组,两种术式具有相同的减黄效果,住院期间并发症发生率差异无显著性意义。结论结扎空肠输入段胆管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术的近期疗效肯定,长期疗效仍须进一步观察。     

DIRECT CHOLANGIOSCOPY USING A DOUBLE‐BALLOON ENTEROSCOPE: CHOLEDOCHOJEJUNOSTOMY WITH INTRADUCTAL BILIARY CARCINOMA

A 75‐year‐old man who underwent choledochojejunostomy for gallstones 30 years ago was hospitalized for general malaise. Abdominal computed tomography revealed marked dilation of the intrahepatic bile duct in the right lobe and an image of a hypervascular tumor. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography using double‐balloon enteroscopy (DBE) showed a filling defect that was localized to the right hepatic bile duct. Furthermore, the scope was able to readily pass through the anastomosed site of the choledochojejunostomy and, therefore, we observed the interior of the bile duct using the same scope. We obtained an image showing a whitish, papillary‐like tumor, and a biopsy of the tumor rendered the pathology of intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma. Direct cholangioscopy using DBE is a useful diagnostic tool, particularly in patients with a past history of choledochojejunostomy.     

Laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy via PTFE-covered stent successfully achieves internal drainage of common bile duct obstruction

The purpose of this study was to develop a method of laparoscopic biliary bypass utilizing a PTFE-covered biliary stent. An animal model of common bile duct obstruction was developed. Three days before the planned choledochojejunostomy, the common duct in 10 female pigs was ligated using mini-laparoscopy instrumentation (2 mm) to create an obstruction model. A laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy was then performed using intracorporal suturing (n=5) or stented (n=5) techniques. In the sutured group, a side-to-side two-layer anastomosis was performed. In the stented group, a Seldinger technique was used to deliver the stent into the abdomen through the small bowel and into the anterior wall of the common bile duct for deployment across both the duct and bowel to create an anastomosis (under fluoroscopic guidance). After the surgery, the animals were followed for 7 days, and then sacrificed to examine the anastomosis grossly and histologically. Statistical analysis was used to compare the two groups. Although the difference was not statistically significant, the mean anastomosis time in minutes was shorter for the stented group (37.8; range 15-74 minutes) than in the sutured group (52.8; range 28-70 minutes). All animals survived for 7 days after the procedure with no detectable biliary leaks or biliary obstruction at autopsy. These gross findings were confirmed by pathologic examination of the anastomoses. Laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy using a PTFE-covered metallic biliary stent can be performed to relieve common bile duct obstruction. In addition, the stent method was as safe and effective as sutured laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy.     

改良胆管空肠襻式吻合术17例

目的 探讨改良胆管空肠襻式吻合术胆肠吻合的临床疗效.方法 临床应用新型的胆肠吻合的方法治疗17例需行胆肠吻合的患者,并进行观察和随访.结果 这种方法具有手术操作时间相对较短,手术后并发症发生率低的特点.结论 新型胆肠吻合的方法和传统的Y式吻合相比有很多优点,值得临床上推广应用.     

胆石症再次手术405例分析

目的：探讨胆石症再次手术的原因及防治措施。方法：对我科过去5年收治的405例胆石症再手术病例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：再次手术主要原因为结石残留或复发，术前漏诊以及残株胆囊、胆管狭窄等。再次手术方式以胆总管切开T管引流术、胆肠吻合术、残株胆囊切除术、肝左外叶切除术为主。结论：胆石症患者术前检查应尽量完善，明确结石部位，不应忽视胆囊切除术，胆肠吻合应采取大口吻合，以防止吻合口狭窄发生。     

3种不同支撑方法在胆肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄中的对比研究

目的比较3种不同支撑方法在胆肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2008年12月-2014年12月该科采用胆道内镜治疗的18例胆肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄患者的临床资料。采取胆道镜下高频电切和/或球囊扩张解除吻合口狭窄,取净肝内外胆管结石后放置支撑管,包括:树脂支架(A组)、全覆膜自膨氏可回收金属支架(B组)、持续性球囊扩张导管(C组)。结果 A组8例,平均放置(2.75±0.89)枚(2~4枚)树脂支架,置管时间(5.63±3.82)min(4.0~15.0 min),支撑(6.75±1.04)个月(6~9个月),取管时间(1.19±0.80)min(0.5~3.0 min);支架取出前胆道镜下观察:支架均为胆泥堵塞,吻合口处黏膜及支架外壁可见大量胆泥及纤维素附着;取出支架后观察:吻合口相对狭窄,黏膜水肿并有渗血,肝内外胆管黏膜轻度水肿,胆管壁上有大量胆泥及纤维附着,并可见支架压迫性组织增生痕迹。B组6例,支架长度4 cm,直径1 cm,放置耗时(0.67±0.26)min,支撑(5.17±0.75)个月(4~6个月),取出耗时(4.50±2.72)min(3.0~10.0 min);支架取出前胆道镜下观察:吻合口及支架内外壁上见少许胆泥及纤维附着,胆汁流出顺畅;取出支架后观察:吻合口无狭窄,吻合口黏膜轻度水肿,局部黏膜少许渗血,肝内外胆管黏膜正常;C组4例,放置耗时(0.63±0.25)min,支撑(5.50±0.58)个月(5~6个月),取出耗时(0.63±0.25)min;球囊扩张导管取出后观察:吻合口无狭窄,吻合口及肝内胆管黏膜均正常。随访3个月~6年,A组复发4例,B组复发2例,C组无复发。结论持续性球囊扩张导管支撑治疗胆肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄具有操作简单、损伤小和预后好等优点,临床效果优于树脂支架及全覆膜自膨氏可回收金属支架,值得临床推广。