Synergism through combination of chemotherapy and oxidative stress-induced autophagy in A549 lung cancer cells using redox-responsive nanohybrids: A new strategy for cancer therapy

A combination of various therapeutic approaches has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. A safe and competent nano-delivery system is thus in urgent demand to facilitate the simultaneous transport of various therapeutic agents to cancer cells and a tumor region to achieve synergistic effect. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSNs) were fabricated herein as potential candidates for drug delivery. Serving as gatekeepers, GNPs (5 nm in diameter) were attached onto the amino-functionalized MSNs (denoted as NMSNs) via a relatively weak gold–nitrogen bonding. The resulting nanohybrids (denoted as GCMSNs) were uptaken by cells, and the detachment of GNPs and subsequent intracellular drug release from NMSNs were achieved by competitive binding of intracellular glutathione to GNPs. In addition to the function of gatekeeping, GNPs also play another role as the oxidative stress elicitor. Our in vitro studies revealed that GCMSNs induced higher oxidative stress in lung cancer cells (A549) than in normal cells (3T3-L1). This growth inhibitory effect found in the cancer cells was likely induced by mitochondria dysfunction originated from the GCMSN-induced, oxidative stress-triggered mitochondria-mediated autophagy. The redox-responsive nanohybrids were further loaded with camptothecin and the intensified synergistic therapeutic effects were observed associated with combined chemotherapy and oxidative stress strategy. The results clearly demonstrate that such unique nanohybrids hold great promise for selective and effective cancer treatments.     

Bacteroides forsythus ATCC43037菌体蛋白与人类唾液酸性富脯蛋白的相互作用

目的：探讨福赛类杆菌与人类唾液富脯蛋白相互作用的蛋白分子。方法：Western—blot方法。将人工合成唾液富脯蛋白用生物素标记，福赛类杆菌全菌蛋白凝胶电泳，半干转移至纤维膜上，观察二者的相互作用。结果：富脯蛋白能与分子量为85KD、65KD、60KD、以及49KD的福赛类杆菌蛋白发生结合。结论：福赛类杆菌存在与人类唾液富脯蛋白相互结合的粘附素。     

Micro-CT observation of rat dental pulp healing after pulpotomy in in vivo study

We report the newly developed Micro-CT, which allows us to observe the individual animal over a long experimental period and to compare changes in pulp tissue in relation to growth and aging without considering individual differences. Further, we used pathological examination to prove similar the result observing from Micro-CT. We have examined wound healing of teeth after pulpotomy in rats, and could clearly observe histopathological changes in the affected teeth and the absorption of temporary filling material and pulp capping agents. In cases with breakage of the dental crown, the CT images agreed with the pathological observations, and it was possible to estimate the time of breakage. In vivo Micro-CT is possible to apply in continuous recording of small experimental animals, such as rats, under anesthesia and the result is sufficiently high. High-quality image was obtained in of the entire head region of the rat. It was suggested that this method can be used for long-term continuous observation of changes in the teeth conditions after pulpotomy in experimental animals. We report the newly developed Micro-CT, which allows us to observe the individual animal over a long experimental period and to compare changes in pulp tissue in relation to growth and aging without considering individual differences.     

纤维连接蛋白对生物矿化影响的体外实验研究

目的:探讨纤维连接蛋白(Fn)对生物矿化过程的影响,为其应用于临床作盖髓剂提供理论依据.方法:应用体外凝胶矿化系统结合微观形态学观察,研究有无羟基磷灰石(HAP)晶核时Fn对钙磷沉积的影响.结果:凝胶体系中随Fn浓度升高,吸光度值也升高(P<0.01),表明磷酸钙沉淀量的增多;加入HAP并不降低Fn的促沉积活性.结论:Fn可能通过促进钙磷沉积及其与HAP的相互作用参与矿化过程,此特性可能有利于Fn作为盖髓剂成份诱导牙本质桥形成.     

空管药物疗法治疗牙髓病和根尖周病疗效观察

用ＳＭＴＤ复合药物对牙髓病和根尖周病实施空管药物疗法。７８例１０３颗获得完整随访资料患牙经两年观察，９２．２％治愈率。文章介绍了治疗方法，讨论了空管药物疗法的愈合机理、优点、失败原因及其预防措施。     

无砷牙髓失活剂Antipulp临床疗效观察

目的评价Antipulp牙髓失活剂的临床效果及不良反应。方法 240例龋原性牙髓炎患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组120例。实验组开髓后封Antipulp 14 d,对照组开髓后封亚砷酸糊剂48 h,观察并比较两组患牙失活效果以及不良反应。结果实验组和对照组失活有效率分别为93.33%和84.17%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.05,P=0.024）;实验组和对照组疼痛发生率分别为18.33%和44.17%,牙龈及牙周组织损伤的发生率分别为6.67%和25.83%,差异均有高度统计学意义（均P〈0.01）。结论 Antipulp牙髓失活剂可明显减少牙髓炎患者在失活及拔髓过程中的疼痛以及对牙周织的损伤,且效果优于亚砷酸糊剂。     

光固化氢氧化钙制剂作为临时冠粘结剂的临床应用

目的 探讨光固化氢氧化钙制剂作为临时冠粘结剂的可行性.方法 纳入242例需行临时冠的患者,根据每月就诊周数顺序随机分为3组,每组患牙制作临时冠并分别采用TempoCemNE(n=78)、Provicol(n=80)、Calcimol LC(n=84)行临时冠粘结,1周后复诊,观察固位效果、牙龈状况以及牙髓状况,比较其临床效果.结果 1周后复诊,3组间总体的固位效果、牙龈状况以及牙髓状况比较,差异无统计学意义(c12=5.553,P1=0.062>0.05;c22=4.783,P2=0.091>0.05;c32=3.290,P3=0.193>0.05).结论 光固化氢氧化钙制剂Calcimol LC和临时冠粘结剂TempoCemNE、Provicol具有相似的粘结效果,牙龈和牙髓保护作用良好,操作简单,可作为一种新型临时冠粘结剂进行临床应用.     

Effect of Aloe vera. on Rat Pulp Tissue

Abstract

Aloe vera. L. (Aloeaceae) has been extensively studied for anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and cellular regeneration properties. This work evaluated in vivo. the effects of powder of freeze-dried Aloe vera. on rat pulp tissue. Pulp tissue was mechanically exposed to Aloe vera., and it was evaluated at 1 to 30 days after the procedure by histopathologic examination. A predominant acute-moderate inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the Aloe vera.–treated group 1 to 7 days after treatment. At 14 to 30 days, pulp tissue took a normal pattern when comparing Aloe vera. treatment with the Ca(OH)₂ treatment; it was found that both treatment groups stimulated reparative dentin and the formation of complete bridge. Strong superficial necrosis was detected exclusively for Ca(OH)₂. It seems evident that application of Aloe vera. in direct contact with the exposed pulp has acceptable biocompatibility and can lead to tertiary bridge formation.     

Pulp ECM-derived macroporous scaffolds for stimulation of dental-pulp regeneration process

ObjectiveRecent studies suggest xenogeneic extracellular matrices as potential regenerative tools in dental pulp regeneration. This study aimed to fabricate and characterize a novel three-dimensional macroporous pulp-derived scaffold that enables the attachment, penetration, proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.MethodBovine pulp was decellularized and characterized with histological and DNA content methods. This scaffold was prepared using finely milled lyophilized decellularized pulp extracellular matrix (ECM) digested with pepsin. Three different concentrations of ECM (1.50, 2.25 and 3.00 mg/ml) were freeze-dried and were tested with/without chemical crosslinking. The specimens were subjected to physicochemical characterization, cell viability and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction assessments with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs). All scaffolds were subcutaneously implanted in rats for two weeks and histological and immunostaining analyses were performed.ResultsHistological and DNA analysis confirmed complete decellularization. All samples demonstrated more than 97% porosity and 1.50 mg/ml scaffold demonstrated highest water absorption. The highest cell viability and proliferation of hBMMSCs was observed on the 3.00 mg/ml crosslinked scaffolds. The gene expression analysis showed a significant increase of dmp-1 and collagen-I on 3.00 mg/ml crosslinked scaffolds compared to the other scaffolds. Histological examination of subcutaneous implanted scaffolds revealed low immunological response, and enhanced angiogenesis in cross-linked samples compared to non-crosslinked samples.SignificanceThe three-dimensional macroporous pulp-derived injectable scaffold developed and characterized in this study displayed potential for regenerative therapy. While the scaffold biodegradability was decreased by crosslinking, the biocompatibility of post-crosslinked scaffold was significantly improved.     

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??As a novel pulp-capping material with good properties??MTA is used in direct pulp capping and pulpotomy. Pulp tissue responses excellently to MTA. The quality of dentin bridge induced by MTA is better than that induced by calcium hydroxide. This article summaries the role of MTA in the formation of reparative dentin when used as a pulp-capping agent.