家庭心理教育在精神分裂症患者康复中的作用

探讨家庭心理教育对精神分裂症康复的影响,方法采用对照研究的方法,对病人家属进行家庭心理教育,应用ＢＲＰＳ和Ｍ－ＳＤＳＳ量表对病人进行评定。结果在两年间的历次评定中,研究组病人ＢＰＲＳ和Ｍ－ＳＤＳＳ量表评分明显低于对照组。结论家庭心理教育对促进精神分裂症病人康复具有积极意义。     

Prolonged Psychic Epileptic Seizures: A Study of the Absence Status

Long-lived epileptic seizures associated with spike-and-wave complexes are presently considered to be the absence status, i.e., the generalized nonconvulsive status. EEG radiotelemetry allowed us to record three prolonged seizures of 3 epileptic patients. Clinical manifestations included selective rather than global impairment of higher cortical functions. Clinical impairment appeared only when patients were in a state of activity and if those altered functions were used. EEG abnormalities were diffuse, but among them spike-and-wave complexes were never diffuse. It was impossible to establish close electroclinical correlation. However, the clinical and electrical evolution was roughly isomorphic, i.e., cyclic. Major clinical manifestations were associated with spikes rather than with slow waves. Lastly, patients showed common ictal psychopathological symptoms. The problem of classifying such seizures in either the generalized or partial status is discussed. The role of selective impairment of mental functions in psychopathological symptoms is also dealth with.     

儿科住院患儿亲属的心理健康状况及护理对策

目的 :了解住院患儿亲属的心理健康状况 ,为心理护理提供科学依据。方法 :应用症状自评量表 (SCL - 90 )及自编的一般情况调查表对儿科住院患儿 75 6名亲属进行测查 ,并测查了 32 9名健康儿童亲属作对照。结果 :住院患儿亲属的SCL - 90的各项评定指标均明显高于对照组 ,有极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1)。其心理症状受多种因素影响。结论 :住院患儿亲属心理健康水平明显低于对照组。儿科的心理护理不仅应包括患儿 ,还应包括患儿亲属。针对患儿亲属的心理状况提出相应的心理护理对策。     

马克思关于人的学说与当代医学发展

医学研究的对象是人的生命,对“人”的把握水平制约着医学模式和医学发展的水平;马克思人学的出发点是“现实的人”,这为从逻辑起点上反思生物医学的失误提供了方法论基础。马克思认为,技术是人本质力量的对象化,而资本主义生产关系下的技术成为控制工人的手段;当今的医学领域中也在一定程度上存在技术异化倾向,需要认真反思批判;人的全面发展是马克思人学的核心,当代医学正处于从生物医学模式向生物-心理-社会医学模式的转变过程中,新的医学模式要求主体在素质、能力和社会关系诸方面的全面发展。     

发达国家心理咨询与治疗伦理问题研究的历史发展

通过对发达国家心理咨询与治疗行业伦理问题研究的历史发展进行综述,总结其研究经验,结合中国实际情况,推动本行业相关伦理问题的研究。     

医学诊断与心理诊断的交叉与分野

医学诊断与心理诊断在,晦床心理学的实际操作中,存在着被错误使用的危险。研究与分析医学诊断与心理诊断的交叉与分野,有助于在医学模式与心理学模式的分别指导下,对两者做出及时、准确的选择,避免造成心理咨询与心理治疗工作的失败。     

An audit of the NICE self-harm guidelines at a local Accident and Emergency department in North Wales

This paper reports the findings of a self-harm audit based on data collected at an A&E department in North Wales. The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines on the short term physical and psychological management of self-harm were published in 2004 and the audit was based on technical criteria recommended in the guideline booklet, including standards of psychosocial assessment, staff training and patient satisfaction information. The data in this study related to fifty consecutive self-harm attendances at the A&E department Ysbyty Glan Clwyd in the Spring of 2007. The hospital serves a mixed rural/urban population of approximately 250,000. Patient satisfaction questionnaires were made available to the group subsequently, whilst the staff training audit was distributed more widely to include emergency, medicine and mental health divisions of the Conwy & Denbighshire NHS Trust. The results demonstrated generally high standards of care on psychosocial assessment, though information relating to initial ambulance involvement in treatment was often unclear. The response to the staff-training questionnaire was an encouraging 44% and indicated wide variations between staff groups and areas of work. The patient satisfaction returns demonstrated favourable responses, with several comments added to expand on tick box replies. Service developments, as a result of the audit, include the proposal to provide mental health and self-harm training to all those staff likely to encounter the behaviour--not just to those who work in mental health. Patients, from the questionnaire, who express a willingness to become part of a mental health planning group are now provided details of the patient participation involvement (PPI) group, where their experiences can often inform service improvement. Meanwhile the case note audit has reinforced the need for a practical self-harm pathway which will ensure consistency.     

节假日耳鼻喉科患者就诊心理特点及护理对策

目的探讨节假日耳鼻喉科患者的心理及对疾病的认识程度而实施有效的护理。方法分析节假日患者的心态、不同心理特点、对疾病的认识水平、容易引发的相应问题和可能产生的矛盾。结果节假日耳鼻喉患者的就诊心理存在着与平时不一样及他科不具备的专科特点,且普遍存在对疾病的认识程度不够的特点。把握了节假日耳鼻喉科病人的心理特点,采取了针对性的心理护理,营造了良好的就诊环境。结论掌握节假日耳鼻喉科患者的心理特点,制定相应的护理对策,才能确保把以患者为中心的诊疗护理落到实处,明显地提高患者满意度,赢得了患者的理解和好评。     

公安院校本科二年级刑事技术专业大学生心理健康调查分析

目的探讨公安院校刑事技术专业大学生的心理健康状况及相关影响因素,发现可能存在的心理问题,为心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对300名公安院校本科二年级刑事技术专业学生进行测试,与中国青年常模进行对比。回收有效问卷294份,回收率98.00%。结果公安院校本科生心理问题发生率为14.29%;公安院校本科生人际关系敏感、抑郁、恐怖3项因子分低于国内青年常模(P<0.05);表示喜欢自己专业的学生躯体化、强迫状态、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、精神病性6项因子分低于不喜欢自己专业的学生(P<0.05);表示喜欢警察职业的学生强迫状态、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性7项因子分低于不喜欢警察职业的学生(P<0.05)。结论公安院校刑事技术专业本科生的心理健康状况较好,但心理健康教育工作不容忽视;良好的兴趣可产生良好的心理健康状态。