CSTB、A-FABP在膀胱癌诊断与预后的价值

目的 分析CSTB、A-FABP在膀胱癌诊断和预后的意义。方法 选取2014年1月至2016年7月在本院进行手术、病理证实的膀胱癌患者45例、良性膀胱病变患者88例，检测膀胱癌样本癌组织、癌旁组织、良性膀胱病变组织中CSTB、A-FABP表达水平。评价CSTB、A-FABP在鉴别诊断膀胱癌的效用。对比膀胱癌进展对象（2年内转移、复发、肿瘤死亡）以及未进展对象组织中CSTB、A-FABP表达水平。结果 癌组织、癌旁组织、良性病变对象组织中CSTB、A-FABP表达水平差异有统计学意义（P<0．05）。CSTB、A-FABP作为诊断标准（任意一项为阳性），鉴别诊断膀胱癌与良性病变的灵敏度为84．4%、特异度为90．9%、阳性预测值82．6%、阴性预测值92．0%、符合率88．7%。2年内转移、复发、肿瘤死亡的患者共30例，无转移、复发、死亡的患者共15例，膀胱癌进展对象CSTB、A FABP表达量高于未进展对象，差异有统计学意义（P<0．05）。结论 CSTB、A-FABP在膀胱癌诊断、预后预测中均有一定的临床价值。     

Induction of HSP72 in Rat Liver by Chronic Ethanol Consumption Combined with Exercise: Association with the Prevention of Ethanol-Induced Fatty Liver by Exercise

Ethanol-induced fatty liver in rats was attenuated by repeated running exercise, and the protective effect of exercise was associated with the synergistic expression of heat shock proteins (HSP72). Rats were placed in four groups of six. The two ethanol-fed groups of rats received a liquid diet (Lieber-DeCarli formulation) in which 36% of the calories were derived from ethanol. One group remained sedentary (S/E), whereas the other was trained to run on a rodent treadmill at a speed of 27 m/min, 1 hr/day, 5 days/week, for 7 weeks (R/E). Two other groups–one exercised as previously mentioned (R/C) and one sedentary (S/C)–received control-liquid diets in which the ethanol was isocalorically substituted with a dextran/maltose mixture. The degree of fatty infiltration in liver sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin was graded on a 0–4 scale and the data analyzed by ANOVA on ranks. Ethanol significantly induced fatty infiltration in the S/E group, whereas fatty infiltration in the livers of the R/E group was not different from the S/C group. Electrophoresis and Western blotting of liver homogenates demonstrated that HSP72 was not expressed in either the S/C or S/E groups and was only slightly expressed in the R/C group. The combination of exercise and ethanol, however, resulted in an elevated expression of HSP72 in the R/E group. The content of HSP73 was unaffected by any treatment.     

安博维对环孢素A慢性肾毒性大鼠肾间质骨桥蛋白表达及巨噬细胞浸润的影响

目的①观察安博维(厄贝沙坦)干预治疗后环孢素A(CsA)所致慢性肾毒性大鼠肾脏病理变化。②观察安博维对CsA慢性肾毒性大鼠模型肾骨桥蛋白(OPN)表达及间质ED1阳性巨噬细胞浸润的影响,以探讨安博维防护CsA慢性肾毒性的可能机制。方法给进低盐饮食SD大鼠灌胃20mg·(kg·d)-1剂量的CsA制作大鼠CsA肾毒模型,同时以10mg·(kg·d)-1剂量的安博维胃饲以预防肾毒性。于用药后第1、2、4周末时分别处死各组大鼠,免疫组织化学法测定OPN、ED1的表达,用HE染色观察肾脏病理变化。结果安博维能明显改善CsA肾中毒大鼠的一般情况,减少肾小管上皮细胞空泡变性和萎缩,减少间质炎细胞浸润及间质纤维化。免疫组化结果显示模型组肾小管-间质OPN与ED1表达较对照组增加(p<0.05);在试验各时间点,安博维组大鼠肾小管-间质ED-1阳性巨噬细胞数量及OPN表达较模型组显著减少(p<0.05);OPN仍高于对照组((p<0.05),ED-1阳性巨噬细胞数量在第1、2周末与对照组无差异(p>0.05),但在第4周末高于对照组(p<0.05)。结论安博维能减轻CsA慢性肾毒性的肾脏病理损伤,这一防治作用可能与其减少ED-1阳性巨噬细胞浸润及下调OPN表达有关。     

Creutzfeldt-Jakob病脑组织14-3-3蛋白表达及其意义

目的探讨Creutzfeldt—Jakob病（CJD）脑组织内14-3-3蛋白表达及其诊断意义。方法实验组为5例cJD额叶组织，对照组为4例非CJD额叶组织。采用14-3-3B和s抗体，通过链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化酶（S—P）免疫组织化学方法进行检测。并参照KB、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、PrP免疫组织化学染色和129基因型检测结果。结果实验组5例脑组织14—3-3蛋白有较多地表达，其中3例灰质与星形胶质细胞尤著。其表达程度与PrP沉积类型有关，而与PrP129基因型无关。对照组4例中除2例急性脑挫伤仅个别神经细胞有表达外，肾上腺脑白质营养不良与额颞叶痴呆灰质和白质均无表达。结论14-3．3蛋白在脑内较多地表达，有利于CJD的病理诊断。     

Amide molecular clocks in drosophila proteins: potential regulators of aging and other processes

After synthesis and folding, peptides and proteins undergo changes in charge and conformation through nonenzymatic deamidation of asparaginyl and glutaminyl residues. Each amide has a specific deamidation rate that is genetically determined by the sequence of residues immediately adjacent in the peptide chain and by secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure. By means of experimentally verified computations, we have determined the deamidation rates of 49 Drosophila peptides and proteins. These rates demonstrate that deamidation provides molecular clocks that are suitable for the regulation of Drosophila aging, development, and other biochemical processes. We have also determined the rates of deamidation for 17,886 other proteins from a wide variety of organisms. The distribution function of these deamidation rates demonstrates the suitability of amide residues as biomolecular clocks.     

Expression of cell cycle regulators during smooth muscle cell proliferation after balloon catheter injury of rat artery

Intimal hyperplasia is defined as the abnormal migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with deposition of extracellular matrix. However, the cell cycle regulatory mechanisms of injury-induced VSMC proliferation are largely unknown. To examine the expression kinetics of cell cycle regulatory factors which is known to be worked positively or negatively, we used rat balloon injury model. Marked induction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), G1/S cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk2), and its regulatory subunit (cyclin E) occurred between 1 and 3 days after balloon arterial injury, and this was sustained for up to 7 days and then declined. However, the induction of the negative regulators, p21 and p27, occurred between 3 and 5 days of injury, peaked after 7 and 14 days and was then sustained. VSMC proliferation after balloon catheter injury of the rat iliac artery is associated with coordinated expression of positive (cdk2, cyclin E and PCNA) and negative (p21, p27) regulators. Cell cycle regulators such as cdk2, cyclin E, p21, p27 may be suitable targets for the control of intimal hyperplasia.     

An unidentified macromolecular inhibitory constituent of calcium oxalate crystal growth in human urine

Summary We have detected and isolated a macromolecular constituent in normal human urine possessing calcium crystal growth inhibitory activity. The purification procedure consisted of two anion exchange chromatographies and one affinity chromatography. The crystal growth inhibitor was found to be heterogeneous in net charge as well as in size. It has not been identified. It is not an uronic acid-containing glycosaminoglycan, hitherto presumed to be responsible for the inhibitory activity. Whether an urinary fragment of inter--trypsin inhibitor is responsible has yet to be resolved.     

膳食诱导肥胖抵抗大鼠下丘脑NPY mRNA及蛋白的表达

目的研究膳食诱导肥胖(DIO)及肥胖抵抗(DIO-R)大鼠下丘脑弓状核神经肽Y mRNA及蛋白表达情况,探讨神经肽Y与肥胖抵抗的关系。方法高脂饮食建立DIO与DIO-R大鼠模型,分别于2周、12周末处死,采用原位杂交和免疫组化方法检测下丘脑弓状核神经肽Y的mRNA和蛋白表达情况。结果实验2周末,DIO大鼠神经肽Y mRNA和蛋白阳性面积分别为(0.563 8±0.100 5),(0.610 9±0.143 4)mm2,高于DIO-R(0.411 5±0.085 1),(0.523 1±0.096 3)mm2和对照组大鼠(0.400 4±0.062 2),(0.445 3±0.157 8)mm2;神经肽Y mRNA和蛋白积分光密度分别为9 025.48±2 192.32,7 786.39±1 423.02,高于DIO-R(7 651.79±2 279.21,5 447.16±3 207.09)和对照组大鼠(6 499.24±2 342.94,5 530.83±841.13)。结论神经肽Y mRNA和蛋白表达降低且保持敏感性可能与肥胖抵抗有关。