粗糙脉孢菌漆酶基因的克隆及在毕赤酵母中的初步表达

采用连续延伸PCR方法克隆到粗糙脉孢菌（Neurospora crassa）漆酶基因，并将其克隆到表达载体pPIC9k，重组质粒经线性化、电激转化Pichia pastoris KM71，部分阳性克隆的PCR结果表明：漆酶基因已整合到巴斯德毕赤酵母染色体上，重组菌经甲醇诱导后3～5d产漆酶量最高，为2-3U／mL。     

人源性抗角蛋白单链抗体在巴氏毕赤酵母的分泌表达

目的：用巴氏毕赤酵母表达人源性抗角蛋白单链抗体。方法：从已构建好的质粒p3MH／ScFv中亚克隆目的片段ScFv并插入酵母表达载体p^PIC9K，构建成重组质粒p^PIC9K／ScFv，并测序鉴定。通过电转将重组质粒p^PIC9K／ScFv整合到巴氏毕赤酵母菌GS115的染色体上。经G418筛选得到高拷贝转化子及Mut表型鉴定后，用含0．5％甲醇的培养基诱导其分泌表达。结果：通过6天的诱导，该系统成功表达了抗角蛋白单链抗体，Western blot实验证实表达产物具有特异性。结论：获得了真核表达的抗角蛋白单链抗体，为其应用研究打下了基础。     

Laccase from the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor: cDNA cloning of lcc1 and expression in Pichia pastoris

A cDNA coding for laccase was isolated from the ligninolytic fungus Trametes versicolor by RNA-PCR. The cDNA corresponds to the gene lcc1, which encodes a laccase isoenzyme of 498 amino-acid residues preceded by a 22-residue signal peptide. The lcc1 cDNA was cloned into the vector pHIL-D2 for expression in Pichia pastoris under the control of the AOX1 promoter. Transformants were found to secrete active recombinant enzyme after induction with methanol. The use of growth medium buffered to pH 6.0 and control of pH during cultivation were found to be important, or even necessary, for obtaining activity in liquid cultures. The effect of exchanging the native secretion signal for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-factor pre-pro secretion signal was studied by cloning the portion encoding the mature enzyme into the vector pPIC9. The activity obtained for the construct encoding the native laccase signal sequence was found to be seven-fold higher than for the construct encoding the α-factor secretion signal. Utilisation of the P. pastoris pep4 mutant strain SMD1168 was found to provide a two-fold higher level of activity compared with P. pastoris GS115. Received: 16 May / 8 August 1997     

乙型肝炎病毒C基因在毕赤酵母中的表达

目的:研究乙肝病毒核心(C)基因在毕赤(Pichia pastoris)酵母中的表达,以期获得高效表达的具有良好免疫反应性和特异性的重组乙肝病毒核心蛋白(HBcAg)。方法:采用PCR法从含HBV全基因序列的质粒pHBV1中扩增C基因,亚克隆到pGEM-T载体中,经DNA序列分析后将目的基因定向克隆到酵母表达载体pPIC9中,构建重组质粒pPIC9-cAg。然后用电转法将重组质粒转化入酵母菌GS115,0.5%甲醇诱导表达。采用SDS-PAGE、Western blot和ELISA法对表达产物进行分析。结果:限制性内切酶酶切和DNA序列分析证实HBV C基因已正确克隆到酵母表达载体pPIC9中;SDS-PAGE结果显示重组HBcAg在毕赤酵母细胞中表达;ELISA及Western blot分析表明,表达产物具有良好的免疫反应性和特异性,重组HBcAg的滴度可达1∶12 800。结论:成功构建了pPIC9-cAg重组质粒,并在毕赤酵母中高效表达了具有良好免疫反应性和特异性的重组HBcAg,为进一步研制抗-HBc诊断试剂盒奠定了基础。     

Killer toxin production in Pichia acaciae is associated with linear DNA plasmids

Summary We have identified a strain of the yeast Pichia acaciae which produces a killer toxin active against the yeast Debaryomyces tamarii. The killer phenotype was associated with the presence of two DNA plasmids, pPacl-1 (13.6 kilobase pairs) and pPacl-2 (7.3 kilobase pairs). P. acaciae strains, cured of these plasmids by irradiation with ultraviolet light, lacked killer activity and were sensitive to toxin produced by the parental strain. A partially cured strain, GS-1215, missing only the smaller plasmid, pPacl-2, also exhibited loss of both toxin activity and immunity. Exonuclease studies revealed that both plasmids were linear double-stranded DNA molecules with 5 protected ends. The P. acaciae system differs from that of the well-studied Kluyveromyces lactis killer system both in the range of susceptible strains and in the sizes of the plasmids involved. Our studies contradict previous reports that Pichia killer systems are invariably chromosomal.     

甘油对毕赤酵母高密度发酵表达重组水蛭素Ⅱ的影响

目的：考察甘油对毕赤酵母生长和重组水蛭素Ⅱ表达的影响。方法：在摇瓶和IOL发酵罐中用含有不同浓度甘油的培养基培养毕赤酵母，测定毕赤酵母的生长和重组水蛭素Ⅱ的表达。结果：发酵培养基中初始甘油浓度为5g／L时，毕赤酵母生长速度明显加快；补料过程中甘油浓度大于70g／L时，毕赤酵母生长受到抑制。与不加甘油相比较，诱导表达期维持培养基中甘油浓度在5g/L以下，重组水蛭素表达可提前4h，诱导30h其活性达13000 ATU／ml，比仅用甲醇诱导时效价提高了7．7％。结论：降低初始培养基中甘油浓度有利于毕赤酵母生长，补料过程中培养基甘油浓度应维持在押制毕赤酵母生长的浓度之下，诱导阶段培养基中少量的甘油有利于水蛭素的表达.     

毕赤酵母表达阿片肽发酵条件的研究

研究了由毕赤酵母胞内两步发酵法表达活性小分子阿片肽的条件.正交实验确定最佳生长条件为:甘油24g/L、酵母膏11g/L、蛋白胨22g/L、YNB 20ml/L,初始pH5.0.菌体密度可达2.46;以单因素实验确定最佳表达条件为:起始菌体浓度2.44,初始pH 6.25,每10h流加0.6%甲醇(v/v),表达时间96h.阿片肽250ml摇瓶产量由196mg/L提高至496mg/L.     

毕赤酵母工程菌高密度发酵肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体的研究

目的研究重组人可溶性肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体 (TRAIL)巴斯德毕赤酵母工程菌发酵工艺。方法首先用摇瓶对工程菌的甲醇诱导周期、甲醇浓度、pH进行研究 ,在此基础上 ,采用 5L发酵罐补料培养进行中试研究。结果人可溶性TRAIL巴斯德毕赤酵母菌在pH 6 .0、甲醇诱导浓度 1%的条件下诱导 96h ,目标蛋白质浓度最高 ,可达 72 .8mg/L。 5L发酵罐培养放大 ,可以达到 184mg/L。结论此发酵工艺可以较好地提高人可溶性TRAIL工程菌的分泌表达。     

重组Pichia pastoris的发酵条件初步研究

在摇瓶中进行重组Pichia pastoris菌株SIBAS 5071发酵条件的研究,考察了碳源、底物、pH、磷酸盐浓度、溶氧量等对该菌细胞生长和产生S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(sAM)的影响,初步确定的优化条件下发酵3 d后,SAM产量可达2.3 g/L(118 mg/g干细胞).