游离腓骨皮瓣移植Ⅰ期修复胫骨创伤性骨髓炎骨皮缺损

[目的]探讨游离腓骨皮瓣移植Ⅰ期修复胫骨创伤性骨髓炎合并骨皮缺损的方法和疗效。[方法]对156例胫骨创伤性慢性骨髓炎合并骨皮缺损患者，在行病灶清除的基础上行游离腓骨皮瓣移植，Ⅰ期修复骨皮缺损。[结果]经术后6—60个月的随访，皮瓣全部成活，发生静脉危象6例，再次吻合成功；伤口Ⅰ期愈合140例，Ⅱ期愈合13例，遗留窦道3例；骨髓炎复发2例。移植腓骨全部愈合，愈合时间2—6个月，平均3．2个月。[结论]慢性骨髓炎合并骨皮缺损可应用显微外科技术Ⅰ期修复。但是在感染的基础上进行手术，有一定的风险，严格掌握适应证。     

老年骨髓炎患者的围术期护理

目的探讨老年骨髓炎患者围术期护理的体会及经验。方法对32例老年骨髓炎患者围术期护理经验进行分析和总结。结果全组32例患者通过手术治疗及合理护理措施均得到治愈，无褥疮、肺部及泌尿系感染等并发症发生。结论老年骨髓炎患者体质差，合并症多，护理需认真、细致，并且根据术前、术中、术后按不同病情制订个案护理计划，预防并发症，能有效地提高手术成功率。     

应用胫前肌瓣修复胫骨骨髓炎合并软组织缺损

自1999年1月-2005年3月,应用胫前肌瓣修复胫骨骨髓炎合并软组织缺损13例,同时辅以中药治疗,获得较满意的效果,现报告如下。1临床资料本组13例,男9例,女4例;年龄18⁶7岁,平均32岁。致伤原因:车祸伤6例,挤压伤4例,烧伤1例,坠落伤2例。胫骨上1/3段1例,中1/3段2例,下1/3段5例,中下2/3段5例。病程12d³0个月,外露骨有干燥、硬化、发白、变黑,周围有肉芽、瘢痕组织、脓性分泌物等。外露骨纵形长0·6⁸·0cm,皮肤缺损面积最大为4cm×10cm。2治疗方法2·1手术方法在硬膜外麻醉下,股部上止血带,术区常规消毒。首先切除溃疡及外露胫骨周围瘢痕,清除髓腔内分泌物及     

脊柱化脓性骨髓炎的诊断及治疗

目的探讨脊柱化脓性骨髓炎的诊断及治疗方法.方法1999年7月～2003年8月,收治以腰痛伴发热为主要临床表现的患者12例,男7例,女5例;年龄13～61岁,平均36.6岁.患者先有胸、腰背部疼痛,11例出现剧烈疼痛,伴有体温升高(超过39℃),局部无红肿,有深压痛及叩击痛,脊柱活动受限,但无脊髓及马尾神经压迫症状,二便正常.对患者行白细胞计数、血沉和MR等检查.12例患者中,10例血沉超过60 mm/1 h,1例血沉为28mm/1 h,1例血沉为50mm/1 h.2例患者白细胞计数超过1.0×109/L.4例患者经椎弓根穿刺活检,阳性率为75%.入院后即给予静脉滴注抗生素治疗至少6周,继而口服抗生素治疗6周,11例患者血沉于治疗后1个月下降50%以上,约91.7%的患者保守治疗有效.结果12例患者9例获得随访,随访时间6个月～4年,平均2年2个月.获得随访的9例患者中,7例无临床症状,1例有轻微背痛,1例有慢性严重背痛的患者,经保守治疗无效后,行手术治疗;7例行MR检查,2例显示局部椎体及椎间盘仍有破坏,T1加权像示低信号范围缩小,T2加权像示仍为高信号,但无腰背痛等临床症状.结论脊柱化脓性骨髓炎患者血沉较白细胞计数敏感;MR及病理检查对明确诊断有重要意义.采用静脉滴注抗生素及口服抗生素序贯疗法治疗1个月后血沉下降是保守治疗成功的标志,保守治疗无效者可手术治疗.     

骨髓炎与恶性骨肿瘤软组织改变的影像比较

目的 探讨软组织影像改变对骨髓炎和恶性骨肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值。方法 通过回顾性分析。对57例骨髓炎和70例恶性骨肿瘤患者软组织异常CT和MRI征象进行界定、观察、记录和统计学比较。结果57例骨髓炎患者中，CT检查54例，MR检查14例。CT检查的54例中，软组织肿胀52例（Ⅰ度19例、Ⅱ度16例、Ⅲ度17例），脓肿样囊腔6例，软组织肿块5例，软组织内气体、脂液平面和窦道各1例。MR检查的14例骨髓炎中，软组织肿胀14例（Ⅰ度2例、Ⅱ度6例、Ⅲ度6例），脓肿样囊腔（扩散加权成像均呈明显高信号）3例，软组织肿块和脂液平面各1例。70例恶性骨肿瘤患者中，CT检查54例，MR检查49例。CT检查的54例中，软组织肿胀44例（Ⅰ度29例、Ⅱ度12例、Ⅲ度3例），软组织肿块49例，软组织肿块边缘残留骨壳或壳样钙化16例，软组织肿块内肿瘤骨或瘤软骨钙化25例。MR检查的49例恶性骨肿瘤中，软组织肿胀46例（Ⅰ度21例、Ⅱ度17例、Ⅲ度8例），软组织肿块43例。骨髓炎组和恶性骨肿瘤组CT图像显示的软组织肿胀程度（Uc=4．1066，P〈0．01）以及脓肿样囊腔（X^2=4．4118，P〈0．05）、肿块（X^2=71．7037，P〈0．01）、肿块边缘残留骨壳或壳样钙化（X^2=18．7826，P〈0．01）和肿块内肿瘤骨或瘤软骨钙化（X^2=32．5301，P〈0．01）出现比例差异具有统计学意义。MR图像所示的软组织肿胀程度（Uc=2．5997，P〈0．01）以及脓肿样囊腔（四格表确切概率P=0．0092）和肿块（X^2=29．8757，P〈0．01）出现比例差异亦有统计学意义。结论 软组织肿胀程度和软组织肿块对骨髓炎和恶性骨肿瘤鉴别具有一定价值。软组织肿块边缘残留骨壳或壳样钙化以及软组织肿块内肿瘤骨或瘤软骨钙化是恶性骨肿瘤的特异性征象。脓肿样囊腔、软组织内气体、脂液征和窦道是骨髓炎的可靠征象。     

Acute Osteomyelitis: Early Diagnosis by Ultrasonography

A prospective study was carried out to evaluate the role of ultrasound in early detection of infections of bone. Presence of a hypoechoic collection adjacent to bone was considered highly suggestive of osteomyelitis whereas a hypoechoic collection away from the bone implied a soft tissue abscess. Cellulitis presented as increased subcutaneous thickness. Of the 31 patients clinically suspected to have osteomyelitis, and subjected to ultrasound, 25 were proven to be osteomyelitis at surgery or by subsequent radiological changes, 4 had soft tissue abscesses and the remaining 2 had cellulitis. Co-existent hip joint effusion was seen in 2 patients. It is felt that ultrasound is simple and non-invasive investigation, capable of detecting bone and soft tissue infections.     

Brucellosis of the spine with a synchronous Staphylococcus aureus pyogenic elbow infection

Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis and pyogenic arthritis has a different pattern in the elderly than in the young. The axial skeleton is the most frequent site of infection and treatment is usually by intravenous antibiotics. We report a case ofStaph. aureus septic arthritis of the elbow with concomitant osteomyelitis of the spine that was thought to be due toStaph. aureus, but culture of debrided material from the lesion grewBrucella in culture. We suggest that in the elderly it is advisable to obtain a tissue culture diagnosis and not to instigate therapy based on positive blood cultures or a concomitant infection.     

Unilateral proptosis secondary to diffuse condensing osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis of the skull is an uncommon disease in the present days, mainly due to the advent of modern and more effective antibiotics. Hematogenous osteomyelitis is very rare. Osteomyelitis of the skull is usually not associated with sclerosis which is commonly seen in the rest of the skeleton. There are only few occasional case reports of condensing osteomyelitis wherein there was sclerosis of the bone associated with osteomyelitis of the skull and epidural abscess. An unusual case of diffuse condensing osteomyelitis of the skull producing unilateral proptosis is reported. The clinical, radiological features and microbiological aspects are presented. The proptosis was treated by excision of the bone behind the eyeball and thus relieving the proptosis and the impaired vision. The patient was given broad spectrum antibiotics for a period of two months. Further management problems are discussed.     

A Case of Pelvic Osteomyelitis

A patient presenting with osteomyelitis of the pelvis is described. In this case it was difficult to establish a correct diagnosis by use of scintigraphic scanning, in spite of clear roentgenographic evidence of osteomyelitis.     

Aspergillus osteomyelitis of the thumb in a 5-year-old child

Aspergillus osteomyelitis is a rare condition and is a recognized infection of the immunosuppressed. The pediatric cases that were documented suggest that in children, chronic granulomatous disease is the major underlying disease [Tack et al.1982 73(2):295–300, Baez-Escudero et al. 2000 Case report—primary sternal Aspergillus osteomyelitis. Infect Med 17(7):505–516]. We report an interesting case of Aspergillus osteomyelitis of the thumb in a 5-year-old boy with aplastic anemia. The infection progressed despite a combination of antifungal therapy with Voriconazole and surgical debridement. The thumb was amputated and the child recovered. This case highlights the difficulty in diagnosing Aspergillus osteomyelitis and also the failure of conventional management in this child, which resulted in the amputation of the thumb as a life-saving measure. We believe this to be the first case report of Aspergillus osteomyelitis in the thumb.