非综合征性单侧完全性唇腭裂恒牙发育异常的研究

目的 经回顾性研究了解非综合征性单侧完全性唇腭裂患者恒牙发育异常的情况.方法 收集244例植骨期非综合征性单侧完全性唇腭裂患者的影像学资料,记录和统计分析恒牙发育异常.结果 在本研究中各种恒牙异常的发生率为:先天缺失163例(269颗)(163/244,66.8%),最常累及的牙位是上颌侧切牙;畸形牙82例(85颗)(82/244,33.6%),绝大多数为上颌侧切牙的小牙畸形;额外牙12例(12颗)(12/244,4.9%),多发生于裂区,表现为畸形小牙.牙位发育异常的性别比较发现,非裂侧上颌仅侧切牙缺失,男性高于女性(P<0.05).裂侧的先天缺牙、额外牙和畸形牙的发生率均高于非裂侧,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),上下颌均有相同发现.结论 非综合征性单侧完全性唇腭裂患者各类牙齿发育异常的患病率均高于健康人群.裂侧的牙齿发育异常较非裂侧更为多见.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dentM anomalies in Chinese children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate(UCLP).Methods Dental histories and radiographs of 244 Chinese children with UCLP were collected.The diagnosis of dental anomalies waft based on panoramic radiographs before alveolar bone grafting.All patients were over 8 years old.Results In the UCLP group,66.8% of the patients was presented with hypodontia.The maxillary lateral incisors were the most common teeth affected,followed by maxillary second premolars,mandibular incisors and mandibulax second premolars.A total of 33.6%the patients Was presented with dental malformation,most were mierodontic laterel incisors.A total of 4.9% the patients was presented with hyperdontim The supernumerary teeth were more frequently found in the cleft region.The prevalence of missing maxillary lateral incisor in the noneleft side was statistically different between genders,which was higher in male(P<0.050).This group of Chinese children with UCLP demonstrated significantly higher prevalence of hypodontia,hyperdontia,and malformation on the cleft side than on the noncleft side(P<0.01).Conclusions Hypodontia is the most common type of dental anomalies.The prevalence of dental anomalies is higher in the UCLP patients than in the normal population.Dental anomalies occur more frequently on the cleft side than on the nonclefi side.     

4637名青年人恒牙发育异常调查

目的调查青年人恒牙牙齿形态和数目发育异常状况。方法2004至2006年对榆林市4所中学的4637名17-21岁学生进行恒牙数目和形态异常的调查。对不同性别和不同牙位发育异常的患病率进行卡方检验。结果牙齿数目和形态异常的总患病率为16.35%。女性过小牙、过大牙或锥形牙、畸形中央尖和先天性缺牙的患病率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。牙内陷、过小牙、过大牙或锥形牙好发于上颌侧切牙,畸形中央尖好发于下颌第二前磨牙,融合牙和先天缺牙好发于下颌切牙,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。过小牙、过大牙或锥形牙与先天性缺牙伴发比率高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论各种牙齿数目和形态异常的患病率、性别差异和好发牙位与以往的研究相符。但过小牙、过大牙或锥形牙、畸形中央尖的女性患病率均高于男性。     

6453名17～21岁青年人恒牙发育异常的调查

目的调查青年人恒牙牙齿形态和数目异常的状况。方法2002至2004年对3所北京高校6453名17～21岁学生进行恒牙数目和形态异常的调查。对不同性别和不同牙位发育异常的患病率进行卡方检验，并对2种牙齿异常伴发的情况进行卡方检验。结果牙齿数目和形态异常的总患病率为16．07％。女性锥形牙或桶状牙、畸形中央尖和先天缺牙的患病率高于男性，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。牙内陷、锥形牙或桶状牙好发于上颌侧切牙，畸形中央尖好发于下颌第二前磨牙，融合牙和先天缺牙好发于下颌切牙，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。锥形牙或桶状牙与先天缺牙伴发的比率高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论各种牙齿数目和形态异常的患病率、性别差异和好发牙位与以往的研究基本相符。但锥形牙或桶状牙、畸形中央尖的女性患病率均高于男性。