Clinical course of masticatory function recovery following arthrocentesis in patients with unilateral mandibular condyle head fracture

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical course of masticatory function recovery following arthrocentesis. Patients with a unilateral condylar head fracture who underwent arthrocentesis for therapeutic reasons were evaluated and compared with patients with a unilateral condylar head fracture who did not undergo arthrocentesis. At 3 months after treatment, the occlusal contact area and maximum bite force in patients with a fracture treated with arthrocentesis were greater than in those who did not receive arthrocentesis at the same time points, although the differences were not significant. Moreover, at 1 and 3 months following arthrocentesis, mean (±SD) occlusal contact area (1 month: 1.99 ± 0.55 mm², p = 0.01; 3 months: 2.90 ± 1.36 mm², p = 0.03) and maximum bite force (1 month: 82.45 ± 15.04 N, p = 0.01; 3 months: 101.11 ± 14.53 N, p = 0.01) on the fractured side in patients who underwent that treatment were significantly reduced when compared with those on the non-fractured side. The authors conclude that if the priority is to avoid open reduction and internal fixation, then the arthrocentesis approach might be a less invasive alternative, albeit with the price of a prolonged healing interval.     

颞下颌关节紊乱综合征(?)与龋因素的流行病学研究

目的:为探讨(?)因素、龋因素与颞下颌关节紊乱综合征(TMJDS)致病关系和作用机理。方法:以东北电力学院入学新生为研究对象。采用TMJDS、龋诊断标准和安氏分类等方法,对1065名大学生进行流行病学研究。结果:正常(?)TMJDS阳性率为6.81%,异常(?)TMJDS阳性率为48.32%,具有显著差异性。无龋者TMJDS阳性率为23.72%,龋病者TMJDS阳性率为39.58%,具有显著差异性。结论:异常(?)、龋病是TMJDS的致病因素之一。     

重度磨耗患者髁道运动学初步评价

评价重度磨耗患者后方髁道运动学特征 ,探讨髁状突运动与牙合重建的关系。方法 :运用Pantronic髁状突运动描记系统和D5ADenar全调节式咬合架 ,对 15例中老年重度磨耗患者后方髁道决定因素对牙合运动的影响 ,以及对 5例已完成咬合重建的重度磨耗患者髁道运动学特征进行初步评价。结果 :15例重度磨耗患者平均髁间距离为 ( 60 .72± 4.40 )mm ,迅即侧移量 (ISS) 1.3 5mm (右 )和 1.2 4mm (左 ) ,渐进侧移量 (PSS)为14 .65°(右 )与 17.11°(左 ) ,前伸髁导斜度 (PRO)为 2 3 .45°(右 )与 2 6.85°(左 ) ,非工作侧髁道值 (ORB)为 2 6.5 0° ,前伸髁导斜度与非工作侧髁道之间极相关 ,存在较小的Fisher角。结论 :咬合重建主要影响侧移量和Pantronic重复运动指数 (PRI)的大小 ,反映出下颌侧方边缘运动限制所恢复的程度。但牙合重建对非工作侧髁道没有明显的影响 ,运动道的变化并不能预测治疗的效果。     

激光荧光检测仪对乳牙合面患龋敏感位点的流行病学研究

目的：定量分析乳牙合面的龋病敏感点位，为指导临床预防和治疗龋病提供依据。方法：采用激光荧光检测仪（DIAGNOdent）检测156名5～6岁儿童共561颗患龋的乳磨牙合面，记录合面龋坏最严重的位点。结果：在上颌第2乳磨牙中，龋坏最严重的位点有60．1％发生在远中窝。在下颌第2乳磨牙中，龋坏最严重的位点有51．2％发生在舌沟；而在下颌第1乳磨牙中，龋坏最严重的位点则易发生在远中窝，占该牙记录位点的34．9％。结论：不同的牙合面患龋严重部位具有统计学规律，提示这些位点是龋坏容易发生和发展的地方，是临床上预防和治疗不可忽略的重要部位。     

外伤性牙槽损伤固定方法的临床研究

目的　分析方丝弓托槽技术和牙弓夹板技术在外伤性牙槽损伤的临床应用。　方法　随机将 91例外伤性牙槽损伤需进行单颌固定的患者分为两组 ,共 134颗牙齿 ,分别采用方丝弓托槽技术和常规牙弓夹板技术固定 ,记录患者复诊过程中固定装置的稳固情况 ,以及半年后临床疗效和牙周相关指标 ,并进行统计学处理。　结果　两组患者复诊过程中固定装置稳固情况和在牙龈炎、牙周袋形成、牙槽骨吸收的改变上差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,在临床疗效评定结果上差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论　方丝弓托槽技术是治疗外伤性牙槽损伤可靠的单颌固定方法     

虚拟咬合运动初步仿真模拟的研究与实现

我们试验了利用VR技术进行虚拟咬合仿真制作的全部过程。首先,采用光学三维测量仪对上下颌石膏模型进行数字化,通过预处理获取有效的三角网格曲面模型;其次,对咬合运动模型进行合理的简化,分解为一系列的平移运动和旋转运动;通过动态刷新完成开闭口运动、侧移运动的计算机运动仿真,可视化地观察咬合运动;然后利用模型碰撞检测算法动态地计算咬合接触位,并详细地分析了咬合接触时的咬合点位置分布和咬合剖切面上的咬合点接触关系;最后讨论了目前虚拟咬合仿真存在的问题和今后研究的方向。     

Increased Contact Time and Strength Deficits in Runners With Exercise-Related Lower Leg Pain

ContextExercise-related lower leg pain (ERLLP) is common in runners.ObjectiveTo compare biomechanical (kinematic, kinetic, and spatiotemporal) measures obtained from wearable sensors as well as lower extremity alignment, range of motion, and strength during running between runners with and those without ERLLP.DesignCase-control study.SettingField and laboratory.Patients or Other ParticipantsOf 32 young adults who had been running regularly (>10 mi [16 km] per week) for ≥3 months, 16 had ERLLP for ≥2 weeks and 16 were healthy control participants.Main Outcome Measure(s)Both field and laboratory measures were collected at the initial visit. The laboratory measures consisted of alignment (arch height index, foot posture index, navicular drop, tibial torsion, Q-angle, and hip anteversion), range of motion (great toe, ankle, knee, and hip), and strength. Participants then completed a 1.67-mi (2.69-km) run along a predetermined route to calibrate the RunScribe devices. The RunScribe wearable sensors collected kinematic (pronation excursion and maximum pronation velocity), kinetic (impact g and braking g), and spatiotemporal (stride length, step length, contact time, stride pace, and flight ratio) measures. Participants then wore the sensors during at least 3 training runs in the next week.ResultsThe ERLLP group had a slower stride pace than the healthy group, which was accounted for as a covariate in subsequent analyses. The ERLLP group had a longer contact time during the stance phase of running (mean difference [MD] = 18.00 ± 8.27 milliseconds) and decreased stride length (MD = −0.11 ± 0.05 m) than the control group. For the clinical measures, the ERLLP group demonstrated increased range of motion for great-toe flexion (MD = 13.9 ± 4.6°) and ankle eversion (MD = 6.3 ± 2.7°) and decreased strength for ankle inversion (MD = −0.49 ± 0.23 N/kg), ankle eversion (MD = −0.57 ± 0.27 N/kg), and hip flexion (MD = −0.99 ± 0.39 N/kg).ConclusionsThe ERLLP group exhibited a longer contact time and decreased stride length during running as well as strength deficits at the ankle and hip. Gait retraining and lower extremity strengthening may be warranted as clinical interventions in runners with ERLLP.     

改良肱骨髁上骨折夹板的研制与临床应用

为了研制一种材料、形态、弹性、刚性均符合肱骨髁上骨折外固定需要的改良夹板。从 1999年 7月～ 2 0 0 2年 8月采用改良肱骨髁上骨折夹板治疗 2～ 12岁小儿肱骨髁上骨折 80例 ,其中伴神经损伤 8例 ,血管挫伤 2例 ,随访 6～ 2 6个月 ,平均 15个月。结果未出现因夹板固定导致Volkmann缺血性肌挛缩和神经损伤 ,固定后肿胀加剧明显减轻 ,神经损伤 3个月内均恢复。骨折治愈 73例 ,好转 4例 ,未愈 3例 ,出现肘内翻 6例 ,携带角减少 2 0°以上者 3例 ,肘外翻 1例 ,肘内翻发生率为 7.5 %。认为该夹板前托不仅与肢体生理弧度、外形相适应 ,使肱动脉不易受压 ,又能与后托合用时控制前臂旋转 ,利于骨折稳定 ,对尺偏型骨折配合下段弯曲成向外 15°的内外侧夹板 ,可减少肘内翻。钢丝内衬的使用 ,使调节夹板角度成为可能 ,扩大了夹板固定的适用范围。说明改良肱骨髁上骨折夹板是治疗肱骨髁上骨折理想的外固定材料。     

超强纤维牙周夹板在牙周病松动牙治疗中的应用

目的探讨超强纤维牙周夹板在牙周病松动牙康复治疗中的应用。方法在全面牙周基础治疗的基础上，采用超强纤维加光固化树脂制作牙周夹板治疗牙周病松动牙共36例、216颗患牙，并在完成牙周夹板固定1个月复诊。结果该方法能够保存牙周病松动牙，控制牙周病发展，恢复牙列的形态和咀嚼功能。结论牙周基础治疗与牙周夹板应用是牙周病松动牙康复的有效手段。     

手法整复杉树皮外固定结合皮牵引治疗小儿股骨干骨折疗效观察

为对名中医张绍富的手法整复杉树皮外固定结合皮牵引治疗小儿股骨干骨折的经验进行临床观察与疗效评价,以规范操作,便于推广.将153例小儿股骨干骨折采用多中心(4家医院)双盲随机(DME)[1]法,分为两组,治疗组102例采用手法整复杉树皮外固定结合皮牵引治疗,对照组51例,采用手法整复石膏外固定治疗,分别进行临床疗效与卫生经济学评定.经1～3.5年(平均1.8年)的随访.结果显示,治疗组较对照组肿胀消退快,并发症减少,疼痛积分减少2.69分,临床愈合时间缩短5.7天,骨性愈合时间提前7.4天,肢体功能恢复至正常时间提前7.3天,远期疗效无差异,治疗费用明显减少.表明手法整复杉树皮外固定结合皮牵引治疗小儿股骨干骨折,能减轻患儿痛苦,缩短病程,疗效优良.