急性左心衰竭43例院前急救与转运分析

目的探讨提高急性左心力衰竭院前急救成功率途径,减少医疗纠纷。方法回顾分析2011年9月至2012年10月我中心院前急救43例急性左心衰竭病例总结经验。结果急救有效率达93.02%。结论提高急性心力衰竭院前急救成功率和减少医疗纠纷的关键：①必备的院前急救药品及设备。②训练有素的医护人员。③严格执行规范化的急救措施。④和患者家属充分沟通并签署确认通知书。     

500例城市学前儿童血清钙锌铜铁含量调查

目的 :测定城市学前儿童血清钙、铁、锌、铜的含量以便了解必需元素的营养水平。方法 :采用化学比色法 ,在日立 71 70全自动生化分析仪上测定。结果 :钙、锌、铜、铁的含量分别为2 .38± 0 .1 5 mmol/L、1 5 .86± 3.2 4、1 5 .2 0± 4.5 6、1 7.73± 4.1 1 μmol/L;大多数结果均在正常参考范围内 ( x± 2 s)。轻度缺乏的比例分别为 4.4%、1 .6%、0 %、5 .6%。结论 :大多数城市学前儿童血清中钙、锌、铜、铁的水平正常 ,仅有很少数儿童血清中钙、锌、铁轻度缺乏     

高等医学院校开展创业教育的意义和必备条件

高等医学院校开展创业教育必须具备以下的基本条件：更新医学教育观念;建立一支创业教学研究教师队伍;营造一个良好的创业教育氛围;强化实践教学。     

猕猴桃属8种植物根部必需元素的含量测定

采用等离子体发射光谱法测定了猕猴桃属８种植物根部中必需元素：Ｍｇ、Ｐ、Ｃａ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｏ的含量,结果表明Ｐ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ含量较高,Ｍｏ、Ｍｎ次之,Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｏ含量较低     

静脉药物配置中心建设的必要性及面临的困难

随着PIVAS的服务范围和配置范围的不断扩大、配置制度的不断完善,国内PIVAS的建设已是大势所趋。PIVAS的作用主要体现在：确保了药品配置质量和静脉用药安全;有利于临床药学的发展;增强了职业防护;提高了护理工作质量;有利于制定合理的用药方案和减少药品浪费,降低医疗成本。但建设过程中仍存在诸多问题,如PIVAS建设缺乏标准;缺乏药物配置种类标准,覆盖面受限;运行成本高却不能收费;管理体制不明确以及停药导致的药物浪费等。因此,根据医院自身特点,选择合适规模、运行模式的PIVAS是目前医院管理者需要思考和探索的问题。     

The public funding of abortion in Canada: going beyond the concept of medical necessity

This article defends the public funding of abortion in the Canadian health care system in light of objections by opponents of abortion that the procedure should be denied public funding. Abortion opponents point out that women terminate their pregnancies most often for social reasons, that the Canadian health care system only requires funding for medically necessary procedures, and that abortion for social reasons is not medically necessary care. I offer two lines of response. First, I briefly present an argument that characterizes abortion sought for social reasons as medically necessary care, directly contesting the anti-abortion position. Second, and more substantially, I present a justice argument that shows that even if abortion is not regarded as medically necessary care, the reasons that typically motivate women to seek abortion are sufficiently weighty from the moral perspective that it would be unjust to deny them public funding. I finish by drawing the more general conclusion that health care funding decisions should be guided by a broader concept of necessary care, rather than by a narrow concept of specifically medical necessity. A broad concept of necessary care has been debated in health care policy in the Netherlands, and I suggest that such a concept would be a more just and defensible guide for funding decisions than the concept of medical necessity.

克林霉素诱导试验的必要性

目的:探讨对大环内酯类耐药的β溶血链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对常用抗生素克林霉素的耐药性及可诱导克林霉素耐药的发生率。方法:mic法检测2005年1月至9月我院582株阳性菌,其中404株葡萄球菌,175株β溶血链球菌;其他阳球菌3株;双纸片法检测可诱导克林霉素耐药试验。结果:272株金黄色葡萄球菌中有248株为红霉素耐药,其中208株为持续性克林霉素耐药,余下的40株红霉素耐药克林霉素敏感(eryrclis)株中,有26株为可诱导性克林霉素耐药(mlbs)。132株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中,106株为红霉素耐药,其中67株为持续性耐药,余下的克林霉素体外敏感红霉素耐药的39株中,16株为可诱导性克林霉素耐药。175株β溶血链球菌中,红霉素耐药134株,持续克林霉素耐药84株,余下50株(eryrclis)中克林霉素诱导耐药21株,红霉素敏感株未见克林霉素诱导耐药。结论:临床微生物实验室须加强可诱导克林霉素耐药的检测,一旦阳性必报克林霉素耐药,以指导临床合理使用抗生素。     

The 'correlates' in neural correlates of consciousness

In the search for neural correlates of consciousness (NCC), the concept of ‘consciousness’ remains problematic. We suggest that not only the ‘consciousness’ in neural correlates of consciousness is a confused term, but ‘correlates’ is as well. When brain events are found to covary with conscious experience, these brain events can be the neural substrates of the experience, as is often (implicitly) suggested, but they can also be neural prerequisites or neural consequences of the experience. We here disentangle these different sorts of brain processes conceptually. But we also propose a concrete multi-pronged research program that may, in near-future consciousness research, distinguish these brain processes empirically.     

关于心电位的唯一性的一个充要条件

以心电位作为求解对象构造心电场的边值问题，它在部分界上有超定的边值，而在其余的边界上没有边界条件，这与静电场通常的三类边值问题不同。本文给出心电场边值问题有唯一的一个充要条件。     

Perceptual adjustment levels: patients' perception of their dignity in the hospital setting

Dignity is an important concept which lies at the heart of nursing. Despite the statements made by various international bodies, as a concept it remains complex and under researched. This is because it needs to be understood from the patient's point of view and experience. This empirical study explores the concept in terms of the actual circumstances of patients in hospital. Through a large number of semi-structured interviews it reveals the relationship between 'normal' ideas of self-respect and self-esteem, and those experienced during the trauma of being ill and helpless, and the ways in which patients adjust to these circumstances. Through the realisation of the importance of 'necessary submission' to the power of others, the evidence creates a concept of 'perceptual adjustment level' through which we can understand the importance of matching patient needs to nursing care. This has crucial relevance to nursing.