Diagnosing intramuscular myxoma by fine-needle aspiration: A multidisciplinary approach

The gross and microscopic appearances of aspirates from ten intramuscular myxomas are reported. The specimens were obtained from seven women and three men, ages 43 to 75, who had tumors involving the muscles of the thigh (7), upper arm (2), and forearm (1). Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed in six of the ten cases revealed well-defined, sharply demarcated tumors exhibiting low signal intensity relative to muscle on the T1-weighted images. The tumors were hyperintense to muscle on T2-weighted images. All aspirated tissues were clear, tenacious, and viscous. Smears contained few spindled and histiocytoid cells in an abundant mucoid background. Spindle cells demonstrated long cytoplasmic processes that in areas intertwined to form fibrillar tangles. Nuclei were oval to spindled with fine chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. Capillaries were sparse with simple (nonplexiform) branching. The differential diagnosis of myxoid lesions of the extremities includes benign entities such as myxoid schwannoma and neurofibroma, mesenchymal repair, and ganglion cyst, as well as malignant neoplasms such as myxoid liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and extraskeletal chondrosarcoma. The findings of this study revealed that, although the cytologic features were suggestive of intramuscular myxoma, a definitive diagnosis was often difficult, owing to scant cellularity and lack of distinctive cytologic features. The MR imaging findings may be utilized as an adjunct to the cytologic features to more confidently suggest a diagnosis of intramuscular myxoma. Diagn Cytopathol 1994;11:255–261. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Clonal chromosomal changes in juxta-articular myxoma

 Cytogenetic analysis of a juxta-articular myxoma revealed two distinct cytogenetically abnormal cell populations: inv(2)(p15q36) and +7, t(8;22)(q11–12; q12–13). These clonal chromosomal changes, the first to be reported in this tumour type, suggest that at least some juxta-articular myxomas are neoplastic rather than reactive in nature. Received: 8 June 1998 / Accepted: 17 August 1998     

Expression of rabbit IL-4 by recombinant myxoma viruses enhances virulence and overcomes genetic resistance to myxomatosis

Rabbit IL-4 was expressed in the virulent standard laboratory strain (SLS) and the attenuated Uriarra (Ur) strain of myxoma virus with the aim of creating a Th2 cytokine environment and inhibiting the development of an antiviral cell-mediated response to myxomatosis in infected rabbits. This allowed testing of a model for genetic resistance to myxomatosis in wild rabbits that have undergone 50 years of natural selection for resistance to myxomatosis. Expression of IL-4 significantly enhanced virulence of both virulent and attenuated virus strains in susceptible (laboratory) and resistant (wild) rabbits. SLS-IL-4 completely overcame genetic resistance in wild rabbits. The pathogenesis of SLS-IL-4 was compared in susceptible and resistant rabbits. The results support a model for resistance to myxomatosis of an enhanced innate immune response controlling virus replication and allowing an effective antiviral cell-mediated immune response to develop in resistant rabbits. Expression of IL-4 did not overcome immunity to myxomatosis induced by immunization.     

左房粘液瘤X线平片与超声心动图的诊断价值

目的 探讨左房粘液瘤的影像学特征及其鉴别诊断价值。方法 分析２８例手术病理证实的左房粘液瘤的影像学表现。并且加以比较与鉴别。结果 （１）左房粘液瘤的Ｘ线平片与二尖瓣狭窄略有相似,但其具有相对特征。（２）超声波能直接显示左房内团块状回声,并可观察瘤体随心动周期而活动情况。结论 在临床上当瘤体阻塞瓣口后产生类似二尖瓣狭窄的症状和体征,加之两者的Ｘ线平片表现有相似之处,因而有时在鉴别诊断上较困难,超声心     

原发性心脏肿瘤32例临床分析

目的总结原发性心脏肿瘤外科诊治的经验.方法自1982年1月至2003年12月,32例原发性心脏肿瘤患者接受外科治疗,全部病例术前经超声心动图确诊,术后经组织学检查证实为左房黏液瘤29例,右房血管肉瘤2例,右室血管瘤1例.均在体外循环下行心脏肿瘤摘除术.结果无围手术期死亡,8例术后发生低心排,1例发生呼吸衰竭,1例右房血管肉瘤术后2年原位复发再次手术治疗.结论原发性心脏肿瘤一旦确诊应立即手术治疗,且效果良好.超声心动图对原发心脏肿瘤的诊断有重要作用,自体心包可用于房隔修补和房壁重建.     

Acute arterial occlusions of the extremities as only one manifestation of cardiac myxoma

Cardiac myxoma is the most common benign tumor of the heart that occurs in adult population. It can cause several specific and nonspecific symptoms, especially depending on localization and size of the tumor. The disease may take many months and years being unrecognized and asymptomatic. The echocardiography is the golden standard in diagnostic process of cardiac tumors, but in many cases the finding is incidental and the diagnosis is often challenging. We present a case report of the left atrial myxoma manifesting with multiple acute limb ischemia. After urgent thrombectomy and embolectomy a sample of thrombus was sent for histology. The conclusion was the benign tumor of the heart. The coronary catheterization showed two critical stenoses on RIA and chronic occlusion of RCA. The patient was indicated for incomplete revascularization and the extirpation of the cardiac tumor. The patient three months after the surgery is with no signs of tumor on echocardiogram.     

肌内黏液瘤超声影像特征

目的观察并分析肌内黏液瘤的超声表现特征。方法回顾性分析8例经手术病理证实的肌内黏液瘤的二维及CDFI超声表现特征,并进行文献复习。结果 8例肌内黏液瘤中,5例位于下肢肌肉,2例位于上肢肌肉,1例位于腰大肌;8例均表现为边界清楚,形态规则的肿块,后方回声增强,内部为不均匀弱回声,6例肿块内可见片状无回声区。8例肿块周边均有"亮环征",7例可见"亮帽征"。CDFI显示6例肿块内无血流,2例部分区域内见点线状血流信号。结论肌内黏液瘤好发于四肢骨骼肌,超声表现特征为边界清楚,形态规则,后方回声增强,内部为不均匀弱回声、可见片状无回声区,周边可见"亮环征"及"亮帽征",内部血流多不丰富。     

心脏转移性腺癌1例报道

心脏肿瘤是临床较为少见的肿瘤类疾病,其他部位肿瘤转移至心脏更为常见.本文报道了 1例胃肠道腺癌转移至心脏的罕见病例.     

黏液瘤病毒作用PI3K/AKT通路诱导子宫内膜癌细胞凋亡

目的 探讨黏液瘤病毒（MV）对子宫内膜癌HEC-IB细胞凋亡和增殖的作用.方法 通过荧光染色等观察细胞核固缩和染色体碎片等形态学变化,MTT法测定MV对HEC-IB细胞的生长抑制作用,采用流式细胞仪和免疫印迹实验检测HEC-IB细胞的生长凋亡情况及其相关蛋白的表达变化.结果 MV对子宫内膜癌HEC-IB细胞具有明显的生长抑制作用,并能诱导细胞发生凋亡,随着作用时间的延长,细胞的生长抑制率及细胞凋亡率均明显升高.MV抑制细胞生长及诱导细胞发生凋亡的过程中,细胞磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（PI3K）、蛋白激酶B（AKT）、糖原合酶激酶3（GSK3）表达水平及活性显著降低.结论 MV能够通过多条信号途径促进人子宫内膜癌HEC-IB细胞发生凋亡,通过抑制PI3K/AKT的活性是其体外诱导人子宫内膜癌HEC-IB细胞发生凋亡和抑制增值的重要作用机制.