两种方法检测血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)的比较

目的对电化学发光免疫法与微粒子酶联免疫法检测血清甲胎蛋白作对比分析.方法随机抽取150份临床送检的标本,用电化学发光免疫法与微粒子酶联免疫法测试甲胎蛋白的含量,对测试数据进行相关性试验、线性试验、精密度试验、回收试验.结果两法无显著性差异(P＞0.05),但电化学发光免疫法的线性范围较宽(1-980ng/ml),重复性较好(批内CV值3.4%,批间CV值3.5%),回收率较高(97.2%).结论电化学发光免疫法检测血清甲胎蛋白优于微粒子酶联免疫法检测血清甲胎蛋白     

ELISA法与MEIA法快速定量检测肝移植患者乙肝免疫球蛋白滴度

目的:比较微粒子酶免疫法(MEIA)和酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测肝移植患者乙肝免疫球蛋白滴度(HBIG)的特点,总结其在II临床HBIG滴度检测中的应用.方法:分别以MEIA和ELISA平行测定50,100,500IU·L-1的HBIG标准品,比较两种方法的准确度、精密度、相关性及各自特点.结果:MEIA和ELISA方法学的回收率分别为(105.32±1.85)%和(103.71±3.76)%,RSD分别为(3.67±2.30)%和(2.75±0.74)%.检测HBIG滴度≤160IU·L-1时,两个方法的相关性为CMEIA=0.709CELISA 30.142,r=0.784 0(n=26).当HBIG滴度＞160IU·L-1时,两方法检测结果CMEIA=-0.010CELISA 159.197,r=0.032 0(n=29).结论:ELISA法可用于常规的HBIG检测,而MEIA的检测范围比较宽,不仅可用于常规HBIG的检测,更适合HBIG被动免疫后人群的临床监测.     

Impact of Hepatitis A vaccination with a two-dose schedule in Panama: Results of epidemiological surveillance and time trend analysis

PurposeIn April 2007, Panama introduced Hepatitis A universal vaccination using a two-dose schedule (Havrix^® junior; GSK Vaccines, Belgium). We assessed the impact of this hepatitis A vaccine three years after it was recommended for universal mass vaccination in Panama.Materials and methodsHepatitis A vaccination impact was assessed using two different approaches. The first approach used retrospective data (incidence and number of cases for all age groups), collected from the passive surveillance of the Epidemiologic Surveillance System of the Ministry of Health of hepatitis A and unspecified hepatitis before (2000–2006) and after (2008–2010) introduction of hepatitis A vaccine. The second approach was a prospective hospital-based active surveillance for hepatitis cases conducted in subjects (0–14years) during 2009–2011 at three sentinel hospitals in Panama.ResultsOverall, the annual incidence of hepatitis A and unspecified hepatitis in 2008, 2009 and 2010 were 13.1, 7.9 and 3.7 per 100,000 subjects, lower than the baseline incidence of 51.1 per 100,000 subjects. In comparison to the mean baseline period (2000–2006), there was an 82% mean reduction in the overall hepatitis-related outcomes (hepatitis A and unspecified hepatitis) after vaccine introduction (2008–2010) in all age groups.In the hospital-based surveillance (2009–2011), of the 42 probable viral hepatitis A cases, nine cases were confirmed as acute hepatitis A (8 in 2009, 1 in 2010). Of these confirmed cases, two belonged to the targeted vaccine group (1–4 years) but were not vaccinated.ConclusionsOur study suggests that the introduction of two-dose hepatitis A vaccines in Panama has contributed to the reduction in the incidence of overall hepatitis-related outcomes for all age groups, suggesting herd protection. Additional monitoring is required to document a sustained long-term effect.     

MEIA法测定他克莫司全血浓度的问题分析

目的探讨微粒子酶免疫分析（MEIA）法测定他克莫司全血浓度出现的问题。方法对南昌大学第一附属医院开展MEIA法测定他克莫司全血浓度以来出现的问题进行统计分析。结果南昌大学第一附属医院2002-2008年MEIA法测定他克莫司全血浓度共计失败21次,其中光路出问题10次,皮带断裂6次,样本注射器漏液2次,标准品顺序放错1次,试剂盒上机前有气泡1次,试剂盒提前变质1次。结论在日常工作中,不但要严格遵守操作规程,认真仔细,减少每一步的操作误差,避免操作错误,更重要的是要按时进行仪器的保养和维护,确保仪器的正常运行,才能确保结果的准确性。     

ELISA法和MEIA法测定乙肝病毒血清标志物的比较研究

目的：比较ELISA法和MEIA法检测乙肝五项血清标志物的检测性能。方法：用ELISA法（酶联免疫吸附法）和EMIA法（微粒子化学发光酶免疫分析）对HBV血清标志物进行乙肝五项的检测,并对强阳性标本进行稀释检测。结果：对100例患者的血清进行乙肝五项的检测,ELISA法和MEIA法对HBsAb、HBsAb、HBeAg三项标志物的检出率无显著差异（P〉0.05）,但对HBeAb和HBcAb的检测,MEIA法检出率明显高于ELISA法（P〈0.01和P〈0.05）。结论：对于乙肝病毒血清标志物的检测,MEIA法检测血清乙肝标志物的灵敏度和自动化程度均比ELISA法高,同时可动态观察疗效和监测病情。     

微粒子酶联免疫分析技术检测乙肝两对半的表现模式分析

目的探讨微粒子酶联免疫分析技术在乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)血清免疫学标志物乙肝两对半检查中的临床价值。方法采用全自动微粒子酶联免疫分析仪Abbott AxSYM对1 704例临床标本进行乙肝两对半定量测定,为方便表述,以数字序号1、2、3、4、5分别代表乙肝两对半中的HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb,并以检出阳性项目的序号为该模式的代码。结果本组病例共检出18种表现模式,感染期以"145"和"135"为主,占30%;恢复期以"245","25","45"和"2"为主,检出少见模式9种。结论血清HBV标志物乙肝两对半的表现模式较为复杂,利用微粒子酶联免疫分析这种灵敏度高、特异性强和重复性好的技术,有助于乙肝患者的疾病诊断和疗效观察。     

MEIA法与ELISA法检测26例血清HBsAg和HBeAg的比较

目的：比较微粒子酶免疫分析法（MEIA）与酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测血清HBsAg和HBeAg的差异。方法：选择26例经ELISA法检测已确定乙肝五项中HBsAg阴性而HBeAg和HBcAb阳性（其中7例HBsAb阳性）的患者血清,应用MEIA法再次检测乙肝五项。结果：MEIA法检测结果显示,21例患者血清HBsAg呈现阳性（其中6例HBsAb阳性）,1例患者血清HBsAg仍呈现阴性（其HBsAb阳性）,4例患者血清HBsAg和HBeAg均呈现阴性。结论：MEIA法可减少假阴性、假阳性的发生,优于ELISA法。     

脑钠肽测定在心力衰竭诊断中的临床应用

目的 探讨免疫荧光标记的方法测定脑钠肽对心力衰竭诊断的临床应用。方法 设心力衰竭组420例及对照组100例，利用微粒酶荧光免疫检测技术定量法测定血浆脑钠肽，并且行心脏B超检查、测定并记录左室射血分数及行心功能分级，对心力衰竭组与对照组数据进行统计学处理比较分析。结果 心力衰竭组血浆脑钠肽为（837.5±19）7ng/L；对照组脑钠肽（57±19）ng/L。心力衰竭组与非心力衰竭组的BNP、LVEF比较存在显著性差异（P〈0.01），心力衰竭组中不同级别间也存在显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论 应用微粒酶荧光免疫检测技术定量法快速检测脑钠肽在心力衰竭诊断、心力衰竭严重程度判断中具有较高的应用价值，值得临床推广和应用。     

CA 125检测在肺癌诊断中的价值

目的:探讨血清中CA125对肺癌的诊断价值。方法:应用微粒子酶免疫分析法(Mi-croparticle Enzyme Immunoassay,MEIA)检测52例肺癌患者,52例肺部良性疾病患者和52例健康体检者血清中CA125和CEA的含量。结果:CA125和CEA在肺癌组中均有不同程度升高且明显高于肺部良性疾病组和健康对照组(P<0.01)。CA125和CEA检测的阳性率分别为63.5％,42.3％。结论:CA125检测对肺癌有一定的辅助诊断价值。     

Effect of maternal antibody on immunogenicity of hepatitis A vaccine in infants

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of maternal antibody on hepatitis A vaccine immunogenicity in infants.Study design Infants of mothers negative for antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV; group 1) were administered hepatitis A vaccine at 2, 4, and 6 months of age, and infants of anti-HAV-positive mothers were randomized to receive either hepatitis A vaccine (group 2) or hepatitis B vaccine (group 3) on the same schedule. Group 3 infants subsequently received hepatitis A vaccine at 8 and 10 months of age. RESULTS: At 15 months of age, 100% of infants in group 1, 93% in group 2, and 92% in group 3 had protective levels of antibody. However, there were significant differences in the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-HAV between groups. Group 1 GMC was 231 mIU/mL, compared with 85 mIU/mL for group 2 and 84 mIU/mL for group 3 (P<.001, group 1 vs group 3). CONCLUSIONS: Passively acquired maternal anti-HAV resulted in a significantly lower final antibody response when infants were administered hepatitis A vaccine at 2, 4, and 6 months of age or at 8 and 10 months of age.