3 D MEDIC和3 D SPACE磁共振神经成像在腰骶丛神经根的一致性对比研究

目的 验证三维多回波数据联合成像 (three dimensional multi-echo data imagine combination with selective water excitation, 3D MEDIC WE)和三维快速自旋回波成像 (three dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution, 3D SPACE STIR) 序列在腰骶丛神经根成像中的可行性和重复性。方法 将55例受试者分为腰椎无异常表现的正常对照组(20例)、单纯性腰椎间盘突出症(lumbar disc herniation, LDH)组(20例)和慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病症(chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, CIDP)组(15例),分别应用两种腰骶丛神经根成像,评价图像质量参数信噪比(signal to noise ratio,SNR)、对比噪声比(contrast to noise ratio,CNR)和对比度(contrast ratio,CR),并验证正常对照组、CIDP组和LDH组测量神经根直径的一致性。结果 两序列测得神经根直径的一致性较高(正常组r=0.95,CIDP组r=0.99,LDH组r=0.97,P<0.001),图像质量评价指标显示,3D SPACE STIR序列在SNR、CNR和CR三项指标中占优,3D MEDIC WE定性评估图像质量评分较高。两序列均能清晰显示正常腰骶丛神经根、病变所致的弥漫性形态增粗神经根以及间盘突出受挤压变形的神经根。结论 3D MEDIC WE和3D SPACE STIR序列可应用于腰骶丛神经根成像,两序列对正常和异常形态、走行的神经根评估具备很高的可行性和重复性。综合考量临床图像的定性、定量评价,可择优选择恰当的序列为腰骶丛神经根成像提供影像支持。     

Multicenter Evaluation of Coronary Dual-Source CT Angiography in Patients with Intermediate Risk of Coronary Artery Stenoses (MEDIC): Study design and rationale

BackgroundThe diagnostic performance of multidetector row CT to detect coronary artery stenosis has been evaluated in numerous single-center studies, with only limited data from large cohorts with low-to-intermediate likelihood of coronary disease and in multicenter trials. The Multicenter Evaluation of Coronary Dual-Source CT Angiography in Patients with Intermediate Risk of Coronary Artery Stenoses (MEDIC) trial determines the accuracy of dual-source CT (DSCT) to identify persons with at least 1 coronary artery stenosis among patients with low-to-intermediate pretest likelihood of disease.MethodsThe MEDIC trial was designed as a prospective, multicenter, international trial to evaluate the diagnostic performance of DSCT for the detection of coronary artery stenosis compared with invasive coronary angiography. The study includes 8 sites in Germany, India, Mexico, the United States, and Denmark. The study population comprises patients referred for a diagnostic coronary angiogram because of suspected coronary artery disease with an intermediate pretest likelihood as determined by sex, age, and symptoms. All evaluations are performed by blinded core laboratory readers.ResultsThe primary outcome of the MEDIC trial is the accuracy of DSCT to identify the presence of coronary artery stenoses with a luminal diameter narrowing of 50% or more on a per-vessel basis. Secondary outcome parameters include per-patient and per-segment diagnostic accuracy for 50% stenoses and accuracy to identify stenoses of 70% or more. Furthermore, secondary outcome parameters include the influence of heart rate, Agatston score, body weight, body mass index, image quality, and diagnostic confidence on the accuracy to detect coronary artery stenoses >50% on a per-vessel basis.ConclusionThe results of the MEDIC trial will assess the clinical utility of coronary CT angiography in the evaluation of patients with intermediate pretest likelihood of coronary artery disease.     

电针辅助硬膜外麻醉用于腹式全宫切除术

为充分发挥针刺麻醉的优点 ,解决针刺麻醉在腹部手术中存在的镇痛不全 ,肌松不够和牵拉反应重等问题 ,将行腹式全宫切除术的 60例患者随机分为两组 ,A组为电针辅助硬膜外麻醉 ,B组为硬膜外麻醉。术中主要观察了各阶段平均动脉压 (Pav)和心率 (f)的变化及术后肠功能恢复的情况。结果 :麻醉后、进腹、探查、牵拉子宫、关腹各阶段的Pav的变化与麻醉前相比 ,A组与B组均较麻醉前下降 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,在进腹及牵拉子宫这两个阶段 ,B组的下降比A组明显 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;两组f的变化 ,在牵拉子宫时都出现明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;术后肛门的排气时间A组优于B组 (P <0 .0 5 )。提示电针辅助硬膜外麻醉在腹部手术中有较好的稳定心血管功能 ,增强镇痛效应 ,减少牵拉反应 ,促进肠功能恢复的作用     

Quantitative analysis of the 4977-bp common deletion of mitochondrial DNA in postmortem frontal cortex from patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

Primary neuron cultures are widely used in research due to the ease and usefulness of observing individual cells. Therefore, it is vital to understand how variations in culture conditions may affect neuron physiology. One potential variation for cultured neurons is a change in intracellular transport. As transport is necessary for the normal delivery of organelles, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, it is a logical indicator of a cell's physiology. We test the hypothesis that organelle transport may change with varying in vitro population densities, thus indicating a change in cellular physiology. Using a novel background subtraction imaging method we show that, at 5 days in vitro (DIV), transport of vesicular organelles in embryonic rat spinal cord neurons is positively correlated with cell density. When density increased 6.5-fold, the number of transported organelles increased 2.2+/-0.3-fold. Intriguingly, this effect was not observable at 3-4 DIV. These results show a significant change in cellular physiology with a relatively small change in plating procedure; this indicates that cells appearing to be morphologically similar, and at the same DIV, may still suffer from a great degree of variability.