新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的早期干预研究

为观察早期干预对防治缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）患儿脑功能障碍的效果，探讨早期干预的方法。将ＨＩＥ５７例随机分为干预组（２９例）和对照组（２８例）。干预组自新生儿期开始接受早期干预。两组均于１．５岁、２．０岁时按双盲法进行Ｂａｙｌｅｙ婴幼儿智能发育测试。结果表明，干预组在１．５岁时，Ｂａｙｌｅｙ测试精神发育指数（ＭＤＩ）较对照组高１３．２分，两组差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）；运动发育指数（ＰＤＩ）高８．７分，两组差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。２．０岁时ＭＤＩ干预组较对照组高１４．２分；ＰＤＩ高９．３分，两组差异有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。表明早期干预对防治ＨＩＥ患儿脑功能障碍有显著效果     

脑循环功能治疗仪治疗脑血管病对患者临床、智能及记忆功能恢复的研究

目的：探讨脑循环功能治疗仪(CVFT)治疗脑血管病(CVD)对患者临床、智能及记忆功能恢复的有效性。方法：将120例患者分为对照组60例，常规治疗；研究组60例，在常规治疗的同时，应用CVFT治疗。于CVFT治疗前后对其临床征候的变化进行评定，并采用简短精神状态检查法(MMSE)，修订韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS—RC)和临床记忆量表进行测试。结果：(1)研究组患者CVFT治疗后其临床症状体征恢复方面优于单纯药物治疗组；(2)研究组患者其智能与记忆障碍常规药物治疗效果差，合用CVFT治疗可使其智能及记忆成绩明显提高。结论：CVD患者应用CVFT治疗可促进临床症状体征改善，智能及记忆障碍亦有明显疗效。     

Structural correlates of Openness and Intellect: Implications for the contribution of personality to creativity

Openness/Intellect (i.e., openness to experience) is the Big Five personality factor most consistently associated with individual differences in creativity. Recent psychometric evidence has demonstrated that this factor consists of two distinct aspects—Intellect and Openness. Whereas Intellect reflects perceived intelligence and intellectual engagement, Openness reflects engagement with fantasy, perception, and aesthetics. We investigated the extent to which Openness and Intellect are associated with variations in brain structure as measured by cortical thickness, area, and volume (N = 185). Our results demonstrated that Openness was correlated inversely with cortical thickness and volume in left middle frontal gyrus (BA 6), middle temporal gyrus (MTG, BA 21), and superior temporal gyrus (BA 41), and exclusively with cortical thickness in left inferior parietal lobule (BA 40), right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, BA 45), and MTG (BA 37). When age and sex were statistically controlled for, the inverse correlations between Openness and cortical thickness remained statistically significant for all regions except left MTG, whereas the correlations involving cortical volume remained statistically significant only for left middle frontal gyrus. There was no statistically significant correlation between Openness and cortical area, and no statistically significant correlation between Intellect and cortical thickness, area, or volume. Our results demonstrate that individual differences in Openness are correlated with variation in brain structure—particularly as indexed by cortical thickness. Given the involvement of the above regions in processes related to memory and cognitive control, we discuss the implications of our findings for the possible contribution of personality to creative cognition.     

娃娃乐口服液免疫益智作用的实验研究

目的 :观察娃娃乐口服液的增强免疫、益智健脑作用。方法 :采用相关的药效学实验观察本品对小鼠免疫功能的影响 ;采用迷路法和跳台法观察本品对小鼠大脑功能的影响。结果 :本品能使小鼠重要免疫器官增重明显 ,巨噬细胞吞噬功能增强 ,血清溶血素增加 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,且体现量效关系 ;对东莨菪碱所致小鼠记忆获得障碍的错误反应率明显降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,对乙醇所致小鼠记忆再现障碍的错误反应率明显降低 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :本品具有增强免疫、益智健脑作用 ,且益智健脑作用优于脑复康     

智能型腰背肌锻炼辅助器在治疗胸腰椎屈曲型压缩性骨折中的应用

目的　探寻一种便于病人进行腰背肌锻炼的有效器械。方法　单纯屈曲型胸腰段椎体压缩骨折2 7例 ,腰肌劳损病人 10例 ,使用智能型腰背肌锻炼辅助器加自主功能锻炼。根据患者治疗前后的症状和体征 ,结合X线与CT ,测量椎体高度 ,观察临床效果。结果　胸腰段椎体压缩骨折病人压缩椎体治疗后均有明显恢复 ,腰椎活动范围正常 ;腰肌劳损病人腰痛症状明显改善。结论　智能型腰背肌锻炼辅助器是一种安全、有效 ,兼自控与手控功能的腰背肌锻炼辅助器械     

The effects of early language enrichment

Over two decades, six studies evaluated the effects of a home‐based early language program on the development of 101 infants. Parents engaged in enrichment activities with their infants over a one‐year period that began when the infants were between three and 13 months of age. Participants from families with varied levels of education were selected to examine the effects of enrichment in language, problem‐solving or gross‐motor experiences on their development. These studies investigated the use of the program by Cantonese‐speaking and Italian‐speaking immigrant parents, at‐risk Afro‐Caribbean immigrant parents and economically advantaged English‐speaking parents. Positive effects were obtained on measures of language and general intellectual abilities at program termination at the end of a one‐year intervention period and on school performance, interviews, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Revised, Scholastic Aptitude Test, motivational and self‐esteem questionnaires administered to some participants between the ages of 15 and 22 years.     

智力激励法在病理学实验教学中的运用

病理学实验教学是病理教学中的重要环节,其目的在于加深学生对理论知识的理解,培养学生的观察和分析能力以及运用理论知识解决实际问题的能力,为临床各科的学习和今后从事临床工作实践打下坚实的基础。笔者将智力激励法运用于病理学实验教学中,显著地增强了学生的学习能动性,有效地激发了学生的学习兴趣和创造性思维,取得了较好的教学效果。     

抽动障碍患儿的智力记忆力自我意识及个性特征研究

目的探讨抽动障碍患儿的智力、记忆力、自我意识及个性特征。方法采用中国修订版的儿童韦氏智力量表、临床记忆量表、Piers Harris儿童自我意识量表、艾克森人格问卷对 66例抽动障碍患儿进行心理评估 ,并与健康儿童测量结果进行对比分析。结果抽动障碍患儿言语智商、操作智商和总智商(分别为 94.0 3± 9.0 0 ,97.95± 12 .5 1,95 .5 9± 9.72 )明显低于对照组 (分别为 10 4.81± 7.0 4,10 0 .65± 9.5 2 ,10 3 .3 3± 7.44 ) (P <0 .0 0 1) ,操作量表中除拼图分测验无异常外其余分测验及言语量表各分测验均明显低于对照组 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,提示抽动障碍患儿的智力结构存在普遍性损伤。抽动障碍患儿记忆商 ( 95 .19± 12 .99)在正常范围 ,但明显低于对照组 ( 10 5 .46± 16.2 2 ) (P <0 .0 1) ,提示抽动障碍患儿可能有一定程度的记忆损害。个性测验显示抽动障碍患儿精神质、神经质量表分显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而内外向性量表分显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。自我意识评估显示抽动障碍患儿焦虑及躯体外貌与属性两因子得分显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论抽动障碍患儿可能存在着不同程度的神经心理缺陷。     

学习困难儿童的相关因素分析

目的对影响儿童学习能力的因素进行调查与研究,为儿童学习困难的防治提供资料。方法采用韦氏儿童智力量表中国修订版（c-wisc）、Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）、婴儿-初中生社会适应能力量表（S-M）及自定的儿童情况调查表对356例学习困难儿童进行评定与调查,根据检查结果进行资料分析。结果本组356例学习困难儿童,6～9岁为多发年龄段;男270例,女86例,男∶女=3.1∶1。父母文化程度大多处于高中水平,66例为单亲家庭,占18%;智商处于边缘和中下水平的儿童238例,高于中等及以上水平（118例）,（χ^2=53.036,P〈0.001）。小学低年组外向化行为问题多于初中组,初中组男生外向化行为问题多于女生[34例（36.9%）vs.3例,（3.2%）],小学低年组女生外向化行为问题多于小学高年组女生[31例（16.8%）vs.4例（5.0%）],两者比较有显著性差异（P〈0.001）。儿童适应行为能力比较显示,多亲家庭中儿童处于边缘者16例（42.1%）,轻度异常者5例（13.2%）,多于单亲家庭[14例（21.2%）,2例（3.0%）]及核心家庭[58例（23.0%）,12例（4.8）%]P均〈0.001。结论学习困难儿童智商正常偏低,多处于边缘状态,单亲家庭儿童行为问题多见,而多亲家庭儿童社会适应能力较弱。     

宫内感染弓形虫儿童生长发育追踪

目的了解宫内感染弓形虫对儿童身体、智力发育的影响。方法以1990~1996年保定市级医院弓形虫检测阳性的167例婴儿为出生阳性组,同期弓形虫检测阴性的160例婴儿为出生阴性组,用比内、韦氏智力量表测定其智商值(IQ值);以全国9市城区和郊区健康儿童体格发育测量值为标准,分析弓形虫感染与儿童智力、身体发育的关系,观察干预措施效果。结果宫内感染弓形虫儿童智力发育明显偏低,视力发育差,而对身高、体重无明显影响;给予合理的干预措施能使智力得到改善与提高。结论宫内感染弓形虫儿童出生后应进行系统抗弓形虫治疗,减轻其对脑部、眼部的损害;给予合理的干预措施可提高儿童智力水平,促进其健康发育成长。