早孕妇女人工流产方式意向的临床调查研究

人工流产(简称人流)是各种避孕失败的主要补救措施,目前早孕妇女人流的主要方式有吸刮术与药物流产两种。本文通过对天津市黄河医院意外早孕妇女选择人流方式意向的临床调查研究,探讨现阶段该两种人流方式的可接受性,结果:1000例早孕妇女中选择药物流产(简称药流)者666例(66.6％),吸刮术者334例(33.4％)。本组选择人流方式的理由,其中519例(51.9％)认为药流痛苦少,占第一位,认为手术干脆而选择吸刮术的217例(21.7％),占第二位,其它依次为吸刮术费用低、药流不必手术、吸刮术流产完全、药流不需请假、吸刮术出血时间短、药流安全、吸刮术副作用少、药流保密。药流是近年来使用的流产新方法,本组研究资料及意向选择只反映现阶段早孕妇女的接受状况。     

Mifepristone-induced abortion and birth weight in the first subsequent pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of a medically induced abortion (MA) on birth weight in the first subsequent pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant women who had had a MA, a surgical abortion (SA), or primigravidas with no history of abortion (NA), were recruited for a prospective cohort study between July 1998 and February 2001. The sample for the present analysis included 12995 singleton live births at term. RESULTS: The overall incidence rate of low birth weight (LBW) was 1.0%. The rates of LBW in the MA, SA, and NA groups were 1.0%, 0.9%, and 1.2, respectively. There were no significant differences in LBW rates between the MA and SA groups, neither between the MA and NA. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of MA on birth weight, and we found no relationship between risk of LBW and MA. CONCLUSIONS: We did not find a statistically significant relationship between a history of one medically induced abortion and LBW for the first subsequent term pregnancy.     

79例人流术后支原体感染分析

７９例人流术后支原体感染分析陆海音，杨红英，周曾娣，张明秋，汤国民Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｋｙｃｏｐｌａｓｍａｓｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｓｉｎ７９ｗｏｍｅｎｗｉｔｈｉｎｄｕｃｅｉａｂｏｒｔｉｏｎＬｕＨａｉ－ｙｉｎ，ｙａｎｇＨｏｎｇ－ｙｉｎ，ＺｈｏｕＺｅｎｇ－ｄ...     

Induced abortion in China and the advances of post abortion family planning service

<正>This is a review of current situation of induced abortion and post abortion family planning service in China. Induced abortion is an important issue in reproductive health. This article reviewed the distribution of induced abortion in various time, areas, and population in China, and explored the character, reason, and harm to reproductive health of induced abortion. Furthermore, this article introduces the concept of Quality of Care Program in Family Planning, and discusses how important and necessary it is to introduce Quality of Care Program in Family Planning to China.     

569名未婚女性人工流产原因分析

目的:了解未婚人流女性特征,分析其人流原因。方法:采用分层整群多阶段抽样方法,以统一匿名调查表,由统一培训的专业医生对2004年10月~2005年5月在16个抽样单位行人流术的全部未婚女性进行调查。结果:569名调查对象平均年龄20.5岁,伴侣平均年龄23.8岁,月均性生活次数7.4次,33%的被调查者有既往怀孕史。本次人流原因主要为未避孕(71.7%),其原因主要是侥幸心理、不懂避孕和怕麻烦。避孕套是被调查者中知晓率和使用率最高的避孕方法。以百分制计算,被调查者避孕方法和知识的得分分别为60.4分和64.8分,其避孕知识主要来自媒体。结论:未婚女性性活跃、意外妊娠风险认识低、性和生殖健康知识贫乏,应加强未婚人群的性观念和性行为道德教育,根据其年龄和心理特征,提供相关的生殖健康知识和服务,并加强对媒体相关宣传的规范管理。     

控制性降压在鼻内窥镜手术中的应用

目的 :观察控制性降压在鼻内窥镜手术中应用的意义。方法 :80例双侧鼻息肉、鼻窦炎患者 ,局麻、鼻内窥镜下行双侧鼻息肉摘除、全筛切除及开放上颌窦自然开口。其中 38例术中控制性降压 (降压组 ) ,另 42例作为对照。结果 :降压组术中出血 (6 1 39± 38 5 2 )ml,对照组出血 (140 12± 81 82 )ml,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ;手术时间分别为 (4 9 2 5± 7 0 6 )min和(6 2 4 0± 9 90 )min ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :控制性降压可明显减少术中出血 ,缩短手术时间。     

Lower airway inflammatory responses to repeated very-low-dose allergen challenge in allergic rhinitis and asthma

BACKGROUND: Low-dose allergen challenge (LDAC) may be a useful tool for studying the capacity of allergens to induce airway inflammation in atopic subjects. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lower airway inflammatory changes following repeated inhalation of very low doses of allergen (VLDAC) in non-asthmatic subjects with allergic rhinitis (NAAR) compared with mild allergic asthmatic subjects (AA). METHODS: Fourteen NAAR and 11 AA were seen out of the pollen season and had skin prick tests with common aeroallergens. Baseline spirometry (S) and methacholine challenge (MC) were done and blood and induced sputum (IS) differential cell counts were obtained. Each subject underwent VLDAC on four consecutive mornings with a relevant allergen. S, MC, and blood and IS samplings were repeated 6 h after the second and fourth VLDAC and one week later. RESULTS: Although there were, as expected, no changes in FEV1 or PC20 in either group, mean percentage eosinophils on IS were significantly increased in NAAR on day 2 of VLDAC and decreased in all but one subject on day 4, with a tendency to return to baseline levels one week later. In AA, there was a non-significant trend for sputum eosinophils to increase on day 2; four subjects showed a decrease of eosinophils on day 4 of VLDAC. There was a correlation between eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels and eosinophil counts in NAAR throughout the study. There were no variations in other sputum cells or blood inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION: VLDAC can increase the percentage of eosinophils in IS of NAAR subjects without associated respiratory symptoms nor physiological modifications. A reduction in eosinophilic response despite repeated exposure, more common in NAAR subjects, suggests an adaptation process that needs to be further evaluated.     

用纤支镜为支气管哮喘患者作肺灌洗的安全性观察

本文对12例支气管哮喘病人作了22例次支气管肺泡灌洗,其中3例次为重度哮喘发作;8例次为中度发作[1];11例次为缓解期.灌洗方法在一般肺灌洗的基础上经过改良后,12例病人无1例死亡.11例次哮喘发作患者,灌洗后临床症状皆有不同程度改善.11例次缓解期病人,灌洗后皆无不良反应.凡哮喘时间较长者,均能灌洗出较大量脓痰栓.     

An immediate light microscopic response of neuronal somata,dendrites and axons to contusing concussive head injury in the rat

Summary Thirty-four rats were killed by transcardial perfusion fixation 1 min after a contusing concussive head injury, and 17 rats 1 day later. From the results obtained with a new silver method demonstrating traumatically damaged neuronal somata, dendrites and axons the following conclusions were drawn: (1) outside the contused territories all features of traumatically induced neuronal argyrophilia are similar to those found in non-contusing concussive head injury, as reported in an accompanying paper; (2) within contused territories the neuronal argyrophilia is abolished by some substance released either from damaged blood vessels or from damaged parenchymal cells, while the neuronal damage otherwise underlying the induction of argyrophilia is present; (3) different phenotypes of neurons are vulnerable to different values of the parameters of the intracranial pressure wave generated by the trauma; (4) some of the neurons may recover from the traumatically induced argyrophilic damage; (5) traumatically induced inundation of neurons with extracellular tracers, as reported by other authors, and somato-dendritic argyrophilia may be different manifestations of one and the same phenomenon; and (6) diffuse primary traumatic axonal injury in human neuropathology may be closely correlated to axonal argyrophilia.     

机械通气病人吸痰吸引负压研究现状

介绍了国内外机械通气病人吸痰时吸引负压的选择。提示护士在机械通气病人护理过程中应根据病人的具体情况合理选择。