Implantation of parathyroid carcinoma along fine needle aspiration track

Introduction Fine needle aspiration cytology is not a commonly employed diagnostic modality in the diagnosis of parathyroid tumors.Case report A 28 year old lady being followed-up for 5 years after en bloc resection of a parathyroid carcinoma presented with a nodule in the lower neck, away from the parathyroidectomy scar. The 1 cm isolated nodule was located in the muscular and subcutaneous plane and corresponded to the needle track of FNA performed on a neck nodule before the parathyroidectomy. On evaluation, she had mild hypercalcemia and high normal serum parathyroid hormone levels. FNAC and histology including immunohistochemistry for Chromogranin A after local excision of the nodule confirmed the nodule to be a recurrent parathyroid carcinoma along the needle track.Discussion To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is only the second case of needle track implantation after FNA in parathyroid carcinoma reported to date. This case highlights the risk of engraftment of parathyroid tissue after FNA and cautions against the use of FNA as a preoperative diagnostic modality for the evaluation of parathyroid lesions.Drs. Agarwal and Dhingra have contributed equally, as joint first authors.     

白细胞介素-8在哺乳动物生殖过程中的作用

白细胞介素-8(IL-8)作为中性粒细胞趋化因子和促血管生成因子,受到人们的重视。研究表明,IL-8促进卵细胞的发育、成熟,诱发排卵;在输卵管和子宫内膜的表达随月经周期而变化;参与胚泡着床和胚胎发育。本文综述IL-8在哺乳动物生殖过程中的重要作用。     

儿童安装永久性心脏起搏器方法的临床探讨

目的总结儿童永久性心脏起搏器植入、随访和并发症处理的经验。方法(1)对III度房室传导阻滞儿童植入永久性心脏起搏器,术后1周,1、3、6、12个月及此后每年均进行随访,随访时行心电图、胸片、心脏超声心动图检查,并对起搏器参数和起搏阈值进行检测。(2)对随诊中出现的6例并发症(其中囊袋感染2例、固定胶套磨破皮肤感染2例、绝缘层破损1例、重度三尖瓣反流1例)分别进行处理。结果对27例植入永久性心脏起搏器的儿童进行7个月~8年随访,平均(5.2±1.5)年;其中6例并发症经处理后,感知和起搏功能良好,随访6个月~5年无异常。结论(1)儿童安装永久性心脏起搏器要严格掌握适应证,尽量采用生理性起搏;(2)心外膜手术创伤大,术后并发症少,适合超声心动图显示锁骨下静脉内径小于5 mm的患儿;(3)心内膜植入时要注意儿童的心脏结构和生长发育特点。     

掌指关节置换术的研究进展

掌指关节置换术的不断发展，使其在手部慢性关节炎治疗中越来越受到关注。本综述掌指关节假体的生物力学研究和历史演变；归纳掌指关节置换术的术前评估与计划；介绍掌指关节置换术手术方法及注意事项；并总结了近十年来不同类型掌指关节假体的临床疗效。在手部慢性关节炎领域，假体设计和手术技术的不断完善，掌指关节置换术在减轻疼痛、矫正畸形和改善手部功能方面会得到更好的临床应用。     

Cerebellar nuclear afferents--where do they originate? A re-evaluation of the projections from some lower brain stem nuclei

Summary Cerebellar nuclear afferents from some caudal brain stem nuclei in the cat were studied by means of retrograde transport after implantation of the wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase complex in crystalline form in the cerebellar nuclei. The findings give evidence that projections to the cerebellar nuclei from certain nuclei of the reticular formation proper (e.g., from the gigantocellular reticular nucleus) are very modest, while there appears to be no or extremely few cerebellar nuclear afferents from the paramedian reticular, spinal trigeminal, gracile, cuneate and external cuneate nuclei. Previous tracer studies have given evidence that also the pontine and red nuclei send very few, if any, fibres to the cerebellar nuclei. All these brain stem regions are known to project to the cerebellar cortex. This relative lack of mossy fibre collaterals to the cerebellar nuclei is discussed with references to previous literature on the distribution of cerebellar nuclear afferents, and the problem of how the cerebellar nuclei are facilitated is considered.Abbreviations Br.c. superior cerebellar peduncle (brachium conjunctivum) - Br.p. middle cerebellar peduncle (brachium pontis) - C.r. interior cerebellar peduncle (restiform body) - HRP horseradish peroxidase - L left - N.c. cuneate nucleus - N.c.e. external cuneate nucleus - N.c.t. nucleus of corpus trapezoideum - NIA anterior interposed nucleus - NIP posterior interposed nucleus - NL lateral (dentate) nucleus - N.l.l. nuclei of lateral lemniscus - NM medial (fastigial) nucleus - N.m.X. dorsal motor vagal nucleus - N.mes. mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus - N.r.l. lateral reticular nucleus (nucleus of the lateral funiculus) - N.r.p. paramedian reticular nucleus - N.r.t. reticular tegmental pontine nucleus - N V, VI, VII, XII root fibres of cranial nerves - Ol.s. superior olive - P.h. nucleus praepositus hypoglossi - Py pyramid - R right - R.gc. gigantocellular reticular nucleus - R.l. lateral reticular nucleus of Meessen and Olszewski - R.p.c. caudal pontine reticular nucleus - R.pc. parvicellular reticular nucleus - R.v. ventral reticular nucleus - Tr.sp.V. spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve - T.s. solitary tract surrounded by nucleus of solitary tract - V.m. medial vestibular nucleus - WGA wheat germ agglutinin - WGA-HRP wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate - V, VI, VII, X, XII motor nuclei of cranial nerves     

Développement d’un hydrogel autodurcissant in vivo, en perspective d’un usage biomédicalA new self-hardening gel in prospect of biomedical use

Since 1995, an injectable bone substitute is developed in our laboratory, it is based on a mix of an hydrogel (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose at 3%: cellulose ether) and biphasic calcium phosphate granules (MBCP^® : 60% hydroxyapatite, 40% β-tri calcium phosphate). This first generation of injectable bone substitute is a non-self-hardening past, nevertheless it owns a great osteoconductor potential. But it shows a tendency to the discharge by its initial composition, and involved limited clinical applications. An evolution of this product is presented in this article: the modification is generated by a new self-hardening hydrogel. This hydrogel is a cellulose ether grafted by silane and diluted in an aqueous solution at basic pH. Also it will be presented the general synthesis of this cellulose derivate, the dissolution condition and the self hardening principle in function of the pH and the temperature. As to conclude by preliminary tests, the biocompatibility in vivo and in vitro of the self-hardening hydrogel mixed with biphasic calcium phosphate granules will be studied.     

聚—（羟丙基、丙基）—天冬酰胺材料体外酶解及植入小鼠体内的观察

目的：观察4种不同摩尔比的聚－（羟丙基、丙基）－天冬酰胺材料在体外酶解和植入小鼠体内后的变化。方法;用木瓜蛋白酶和胰酶对材料作了体外酶解试验,用凝胶色谱法对降解物碎片作了测定;用光镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等对材料在埋植部位、肝、肾组织内的降解碎片进行观察;对材料植入小鼠体内后的生化指标（血红蛋白、白细胞、谷丙转氨酶、肌酐作了测定。结果：聚－（羟丙基、丙基）－天冬酰胺材料在体外能被逐步酶解。在植入小鼠体内的5周内,在埋植部位、肝、肾组织内能观察到材料的碎片。结论：聚－（羟丙基、丙基）－天冬酰胺材料能在体内、外逐步降解,植入小鼠体内后对动物的血象、肝、肾功能无明显的影响,具有生物相容性。     

Etablierung eines Tiermodells des hepatozellul ren Karzinoms durch den Einsatz von allogenischer Implantationstechnik

Das hepatozellul re Karzinom ( HCC) ist mitmehr als 1 Million Erkrankungsf llen pro Jahrweltweit einer der h ufigsten malignen Tumoren[1] .Zweifellos ist das HCC- Tiermodell in der Strategiegegen HCC von gro er Bedeutung.Bisher stehtvielf ltige Verfahren zur Etabierung des HCC- Tier-modells zur Verf gung.Im folgenden wurde einHCC- Rattesmodell,das durch den Einsatz von allo-genischer Implantationstechnik erzeugt wurde,unddie betreffende Charaktere vorgestellt.1　 MATERIAL UND …     

Optimization of uretero-intestinal anastomosis in urinary diversion: an experimental study in dogs

Summary A new antireflux uretero-ileal reimplantation technique suitable for use with bladder substitutes is presented. This procedure entails creation of a serouslined extramural tunnel. Following detubularization of the bowel segment, the adjacent flaps are approximated by continuous 4/0 non-absorbable sutures 1.5 cm from the cut edges. The ureters are laid in the trough thus fashioned. Button-holes are created in the bowel flaps and a mucosa-to-mucosa uretero-ileal anastomosis is carried out. The mucosal edges of the flaps are then approximated by one layer of continuous 4/0 (PGA) suture resulting in closure of this artificial tunnel. The feasibility and functional outcome of this technique were experimentally investigated in 8 dogs. Follow-up was carried out up to 30 weeks. Assessment by intravenous urography and ascending studies showed that the procedure is an efficient method of providing an unobstructed unidirectional flow of urine.     

白血病抑制因子调节胚胎发育与着床的研究进展

白血病抑制因子(Leukemia inhibitory factor,LIF)是参与调节胚胎着床过程的重要的细胞因子之一,尽管如此,LIF及其受体在不同种属动物中的表达又不完全相同,孕酮和雌激素对其分泌的调节作用在不同种属动物之间、体内外之间,甚至于同种动物也都不完全一样。LIF调节着床机理的研究正日益受到广泛的重视。