Solitary pulmonary metastasis arising thirteen years after liver transplantation for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

We described a 59-year-old male patient who underwent liver transplantation in 1989 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicating hepatitis B virus (HBV) cirrhosis. In 2001 (12 years after liver transplantation), he developed a lung metastasis of HCC without intrahepatic recurrence and the resection was done. In July 2003, he was symptom free without any recurrence. HCC metastasis can develop even after a very long time of liver transplantation. Many HCCs grow slowly, and the growth rate of recurrent tumors in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy is significantly greater than that of those who do not receive immunosuppressive therapy.     

阿达木单抗类似药SMMU-16皮下注射对食蟹猴的重复给药毒性研究

目的：探讨阿达木单抗类似药SMMU-16重复皮下注射对食蟹猴的安全性。方法30只健康食蟹猴按体重随机分为溶媒对照组,阳性对照组,SMMU-16低、中、高剂量组,其中SMMU-16低、中、高剂量组分别给予SMMU-1610、33、200 mg/kg,每组6只,雌雄各半。阳性对照组给予33.0 mg/kg 阿达木单抗,溶媒对照组给予SM-MU-16空白溶液。给药体积均为4.0 ml/kg（分4个点注射）。每周1次皮下注射给药,共给药4周,恢复期4周,期间进行各项毒理学指标检测。结果与自身给药前（d0）相比,给药期间中剂量组、高剂量组及阳性对照组的红细胞计数、Hb定量、红细胞压积（HCT）降低（P均＜0.05）,中、高剂量组网织红细胞比例升高（P＜0.05）。骨髓检查发现SM-MU-16中、高剂量组及阳性对照组食蟹猴骨髓红细胞系轻度增生。组织病理学检查发现d28时阳性对照组和高剂量组各3只、中剂量组2只动物出现胸腺萎缩和脾脏萎缩。上述变化在恢复期结束时可逐渐恢复。各组动物肝脏和肾脏未见明显病理改变。其余指标包括一般症状、呼吸、体温、瞳孔、尿液、心电图、免疫和生化指标等未见明显与供试品相关的异常变化和量效、时效关系。结论 SMMU-16主要毒性靶器官为免疫系统（胸腺和脾脏）和血液系统,毒性作用具有一定的可逆性。此毒性作用考虑与SMMU-16免疫抑制药理作用的延伸和放大有关。SMMU-16皮下注射对食蟹猴的无毒性剂量为10 mg/kg。 SMMU-16与等剂量阳性对照药在本实验条件下出现的毒性反应基本类似。     

Lymphocytic plasmocytoid lymphoma with a three-banded gammopathy: Reactivity of one of these paraproteins with cytomegalovirus

Summary We report the case of a 70-year-old woman suffering from small lymphocytic, plasmocytoid lymphoma with abdominal lymphomas and infiltration of the lung and the bone marrow. A three-banded, IgG, IgM and IgA-paraproteinemia was determined using immunofixation. Because of the patient's high antibody titre against cytomegalovirus (CMV), the possible reactivity of these paraproteins with CMV was studied. The immunoglobulins were transferred to nitrocellulose sheets by a contact diffusion blotting system. CMV was applied to these sheets and the IgG-paraprotein was shown to bind CMV. The reactivity of only one of the paraproteins with CMV suggests an oligoclonal origin of this gammopathy. In addition to the malignant disease an abnormal immune response to a CMV infection could be the cause of this three-banded gammopathy.Abbreviations CMV cytomegalovirus - BSA bovine serum albumine - Ig immunoglobuline - ELISA enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay - CT computed tomography     

Proteomic analysis of possible target-related proteins of cyclophosphamide in mice thymus

Cyclophosphamide (Cy) could induce immuno-suppression such as thymus atrophy and inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation response in mice. But, the mechanism of its effect is still not clear. Polysaccharides isolated from spore of Ganoderma lucidum (GL-SP) could, at least partly, restore the immunological effects against Cy-induced immuno-suppression. In the present study, a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)-based comparative proteomic method was conducted to identify the possible target-related proteins of Cy in mice thymus including those could be influenced by GL-SP. Fifteen proteins differentially expressed in Cy-treated mice compared with control were identified. Among the fifteen proteins, combined use of GL-SP with Cy could not affect Cy-induced expression change of three proteins, totally prevented Cy-induced expression change of six proteins, partly prevented Cy-induced expression change of four proteins and further enhanced Cy-induced expression change of two proteins. Results of the present study shed light on the mechanism of Cy-induced immuno-suppression as well as the protective effect of GL-SP against toxicity of Cy.     

Neuroblastoma in a renal transplanted child

A 3-year-old boy was diagnosed with neuroblastoma 2 years after a renal transplant that was complicated by acute and chronic rejection. Extensive immunosuppressive therapy may have contributed to the development or progression of this tumor which has not been described previously following organ transplantation.     

TGF-β_1抑制剂灯盏花素对肿瘤诱导的小鼠免疫抑制的逆转作用

目的:观察灯盏花素对肿瘤诱导的小鼠免疫抑制的影响。方法:小鼠脾脏细胞体外培养观察灯盏花素对淋巴细胞增殖和淋巴细胞因子分泌的的影响;lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠迟发型变态反应、血清淋巴细胞因子水平及CD8+T细胞对lewis肺癌的细胞毒作用检测灯盏花素对小鼠免疫抑制的逆转作用。结果:灯盏花素体外对刀豆蛋白(ConA)诱导的小鼠脾脏细胞增殖有增强作用,能抑制转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)和白细胞介素4(IL-4),促进的干扰素λ(IFN-λ)和白细胞介素2(IL-2)。体内灯盏花素能逆转荷瘤小鼠迟发型变态反应、血清淋巴细胞因子水平及CD8+T细胞对lewis肺癌的无能作用,并一定程度抑制肿瘤生长。结论:灯盏花素作为TGF-β1抑制剂对肿瘤诱导的小鼠免疫抑制有逆转作用。     

Management of SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major challenge in patients with lymphoid malignancies: Warrants a clear therapeutic strategy

Patients with lymphoid malignancies are at a higher risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection due to their immunocompromised state and results in higher mortality rates in these patients. Anti-CD 20 therapy is one of the leading causes of immunosuppression that worsens in COVID-19 cases. COVID-19 vaccines, on the other hand, appear to be less beneficial to these patients. App-ropriate treatment and recommendations are required for these COVID-19 patients with lymphoid malignancies.     

羊水来源间充质细胞对于外周单核淋巴细胞增殖抑制作用的机制研究

目的鉴定羊水来源间充质细胞(AF-MCs)并探讨其对于外周单核淋巴细胞(PBMC)增殖活性的影响及机制。方法通过选择性消化和单克隆培养分离及培养人源羊水细胞(AFCs),而后通过核型分析细胞来源和流式分析细胞表型鉴定其为间充质细胞(MCs)。另一方面,将鉴定得到的AF-MCs与PBMC共培养,检测其是否具有免疫抑制功能。运用流式分析CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+T细胞频率在共培养前后变化,探讨AF-MCs具有免疫抑制功能的机制。结果AF-MCs来自于胚胎发育过程中的脱落细胞,其具有与骨髓间充质干细胞(BM-MSCs)相似的表型,且其能上调CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+T细胞的频率而产生免疫抑制功能。结论AF-MCs具有与BM-MSCs类似的表型,并且在免疫调节方面与BM-MSCs类似。这为临床应用间充质干细胞提供了一个新的,安全的种子细胞来源。