胃癌病人血清睾酮值变化的研究

目的 :为研究胃癌与激素之间的关系 ,本研究探讨了胃癌病人血清睾酮变化及其机理。方法 :应用放免法测定正常人、胃良性疾病和胃癌病人的血清睾酮、促间质细胞激素 (ICSH)。结果 :男性胃癌及胃良性疾病组血清睾酮、ICSH水平明显降低 ,但胃癌病人伴有出血和梗阻者血清睾酮、ICSH水平较同样胃良性疾病组病人降低更为明显。胃癌病人有出血和梗阻者血清睾酮、ICSH水平较不伴有并发症者降低更为明显。 期胃癌病人血清睾酮、ICSH水平与正常对照组对比显著降低。胃癌及胃良性疾病组血清睾酮、ISCH变化有显著相关性。结论 :1血清睾酮、ICSH水平可作为胃癌诊断的一个参考指标。 2胃癌及良性疾病血清睾酮、ICSH水平明显降低是由性腺轴抑制所引起。     

Spectrophotometric plasma iron determination from fingerpuncture specimens

A simple, sensitive, precise and reproducible micromethod for the determination of plasma iron in a 50-μl sample has been devised by modification of the ICSH reference procedure, which requires a 2-ml sample. The micromethod uses microcuvettes and substitutes ferrozine for the bathophenanthroline chromogen of the ICSH. Comparison of plasma iron values on 47 paired specimens obtained by fingerpuncture and venipuncture determined by the micro- and ICSH-methods respectively gave identical means of 15.8 μmol/l (88 μg/dl); the correlation of the two methods was r = 0.92 (p < 0.0001). The micro-method has been successfully used to measure plasma iron levels in fingerpuncture specimens collected in a field study of 429 children.     

Suppression of the onset and progression of collagen-induced arthritis in rats by QFGJS, a preparation from an anti-arthritic Chinese herbal formula

QFGJS is an herbal preparation, and its pronounced effectiveness in treating adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) has been previously demonstrated. We herein aimed to confirm its anti-arthritic effect on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. CIA was established in female Wistar rats with intradermal injection of type II bovine collagen at the base of the tail of animals. CIA rats were treated daily with oral administration of different doses of QFGJS beginning on the day of the induction of arthritis (day 0, the prophylactic treatment) or on the day after the onset of arthritis (day 13, the therapeutic treatment) until day 30. The results showed that prophylactic treatment with QFGJS significantly suppressed the onset of arthritis, and therapeutic treatment with QFGJS markedly reduced paw swelling and ESR levels even in the established CIA. Radiologic and histopathologic changes in the arthritic joints were also significantly reduced in the QFGJS-treated versus vehicle-treated rats. Moreover, the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 were markedly lowered in the QFGJS-treated rats. Hence, our studies demonstrate the quality, safety, and effectiveness of QFGJS as an anti-arthritic agent, which makes QFGJS a strong candidate for further clinical trials on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.     

磁场对雄性大鼠体内两种促性腺激素水平的影响

本文采用放射免疫测定法、研究磁场作用下雄性大鼠体内两种促性腺激素—FSH及ICSH水平的变化、以求探明磁场对垂体及生殖系统的生物学效应。结果表明:在旋磁作用下(表面静磁场为2000GS),雄性大鼠体内这两种激素的水平无明显改变,这为磁疗在临床使用上的安全性提供了一个理论根据。     

International Council for Standardisation in Haematology (ICSH) recommendations for collection of blood samples for coagulation testing

This guidance document has been prepared on behalf of the International Council for Standardisation in Haematology (ICSH). The aim of the document is to provide guidance and recommendations for collection of blood samples for coagulation tests in clinical laboratories throughout the world. The following processes will be covered: ordering tests, sample collection tube and anticoagulant, patient preparation, sample collection device, venous stasis before sample collection, order of draw when different sample types need to be collected, sample labelling, blood-to-anticoagulant ratio (tube filling) and influence of haematocrit. The following areas are excluded from this document, but are included in an associated ICSH document addressing processing of samples for coagulation tests in clinical laboratories: sample transport and primary tube sample stability; centrifugation; interfering substances including haemolysis, icterus and lipaemia; secondary aliquots—transport and storage; and preanalytical variables for platelet function testing. The recommendations are based on published data in peer-reviewed literature and expert opinion.     

Thirteen cases of pyruvate kinase deficiency found in Japan

Thirteen cases of pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency, considered to be heterozygous for different PK mutants because of no consanguinities in their parents, were characterized by the International Committee for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) recommended methods. These deficiency cases are named PK “Kagoshima,” PK “Kyoto,” PK “Takamatsu,” PK “Abeno,” PK “Kobe,” PK “Marugame,” PK “Hoenzaka,” PK “Osaka,” PK “Motomachi,” PK “Gifu,” PK “Hiroshima” PK “Matsumoto,” and PK “Tama.” The characteristics of mutant PK enzymes suggest that the cause of chronic hemolysis depends mainly on decreased affinity for phosphoenolpyruvate, thermolability, increased inhibition by adenosine triphosphate, and low activation by fructose-1, 6-diphosphate.     

The genus Cynomorium in China: An ethnopharmacological and phytochemical review

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Species of the genus Cynomorium (Cynomoriaceae), including C. songaricum Rupr. and C. coccineum L., have a long history of use in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as impotence, premature ejaculation, kidney-yang deficiency, spermatorrhea, colic, and stomach ulcers. In addition, these species are used in health foods, tea, and cosmetics.

Aim of the review

The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological research, and toxicology of C. songaricum and C. coccineum and to explore the therapeutic potential and future research opportunities of these species.

Materials and methods

All available information on C. songaricum and C. coccineum was collected via electronic search (using PubMed, ACS, CNKI, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, and Web of Science).

Results

The ethnomedical uses of C. songaricum and C. coccineum in Saudi Arabia, China, Afghanistan, Mongolia, and Iran for several types of ailments were recorded. A phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, phloroglucinol adducts, saccharides, phenylpropanoids, steroids, organic acids, and other compounds. The crude extracts and pure compounds from C. songaricum and C. coccineum exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activity, including anti-fatigue, anti-hypoxia, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetic, immune system modulating, and antiviral activity.

Conclusions

Cynomorium species have emerged as a source of traditional medicine. Many studies have provided evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of these species in treating various conditions and possible mechanisms. However, further research is required for the development of new drugs and therapies for the treatment of various diseases, especially cancer and diabetes. Therefore, this review on the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and toxicity of Cynomorium species will provide helpful data for further studies and commercial exploitation of the species.     

TEST1全自动分析仪测定红细胞沉降率的应用

目的应用TEST1检测红细胞沉降率(ESR)并与ICSH参考方法(魏氏法)进行比较。方法收集EDTA-K2抗凝样本分别应用TEST1全自动分析仪和ICSH参考方法(魏氏法)进行ESR测定,比较两方法之间的相关性,以及TEST1全自动分析仪的精密度和正常人群的参考范围。结果TEST1全自动分析仪与ICSH参考方法(魏氏法)有很好的相关性(r=0.97,Y=1.09X+1.04),重复性好(CV≤7.5%),正常人群参考范围:男性≤10mm/h(118人,21～65岁),女性≤18mm/h(84人,23～60岁)。结论TEST1全自动分析仪是一种快速、准确、可靠的测定ESR的新仪器。