异体甲状旁腺脑室内移植治疗甲状旁腺机能减退症

应用异体甲状旁腺进行脑室内移植治疗甲状旁腺机能减退症６例，疗效满意，术后临床症状消失或明显减轻，连续监测血清钙、血清磷和尿钙、尿磷均证实移植物在脑室内存活并有正常的生理功能。随访７－２２个月病情均无复发。本文对脑室内组织移植的手术方法，胎儿甲状旁腺的取材及术后可能发生的并发症进行了讨论。     

丹参川芎制剂对治疗甲状腺癌术后甲状旁腺功能减退的临床研究

目的 探讨丹参川芎制剂对甲状腺癌术后低钙血症和甲状旁腺功能减退的疗效。 方法  选择2016年1月至2017年12月江苏省肿瘤医院头颈外科收治的30例甲状腺癌术后并发低钙血症和甲状旁腺功能减退患者。遵患者意愿，接受丹参川芎注射液治疗为观察组，共15例，在传统葡萄糖酸钙注射液和骨化三醇治疗基础上加用丹参川芎注射液；对照组予传统葡萄糖酸钙注射液和骨化三醇治疗，共15例。分析丹参川芎制剂对术后甲状旁腺功能减退的治疗效果。 结果  观察组和对照组术后第1天血钙水平相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞005）；观察组术后第3、7、30天血钙水平高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜005）。观察组和对照组术后第1、3天血甲状旁腺激素（PTH）水平相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞005）；观察组术后第7、30天血钙水平高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜005）。 结论  丹参川芎制剂对术后甲状旁腺功能减退及低钙血症治疗效果明显，且不良反应低，值得临床应用。     

Hypercalcémie sévère de cause inhabituelle, à la recherche du coupable : cas clinique et revue de la littérature

IntroductionHypercalcemia is not a rare event and can lead to severe consequences. Its main etiologies are primary hyperparathyroidism and neoplasic conditions. The iatrogenic etiology by vitamin D intoxication is more rarely found.Case presentationA 76-year-old finish woman comes to the emergency room for chest pain. Her medical history is impossible to specify due to the language barrier and initial confusion. She has severe hypercalcaemia (4.14 mmol/L), renal insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmia later complicated by an ischemic cardiac episode. Clinic and biologic examinations initially guided the research towards a hematological and neoplasic pathology. The iatrogenic etiology will be permitted by the contribution of details on its medical history and treatment learnt secondly. She was treated for post-surgical hypoparathyroidism by dihydrotachysterol, a vitamin D derivative. The cessation of substitution, treatment with hydration and biphosphonates allowed the rapid correction of hypercalcemia.DiscussionDihydrotachysterol intoxication is a rare etiology of hypercalcemia. Because of the longer half-life of this molecule, the risk of hypercalcemia seems to be greater than with other vitamin D derivatives. This molecule, withdrawn from the French market in 1982, is not detected by the dosage of 25 and 1.25 OH vitamin D.ConclusionWe report an original case of intoxication by dihydrotachysterol. The risk of hypercalcemia encountered with this molecule must be known. The close medical follow-up recommended in case of hypoparathyroidism seems to be particularly necessary in case of supplementation by this molecule.     

GATA3基因变异导致甲状旁腺功能减退症患者的临床特征和分子机制

目的分析GATA3基因变异导致甲状旁腺功能减退症(hypoparathyroidism, HP)患者的临床特点及分子机制。方法在1975年至2020年间于北京协和医院内分泌科随诊并行靶向基因捕获联合二代测序的198例未成年人(≤18岁)起病的非手术性HP患者中筛查到5例GATA3基因致病/可疑致病性变异, 回顾性收集分析其临床资料, 并对基因检测结果进行生物信息学分析。结果 5例患者HP的起病年龄为0.5(0.1, 1.3)岁, 发病至诊断为HP和甲状旁腺功能减退-耳聋-肾发育不良(hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal dysplasia, HDR)综合征的时间分别为(7.0±5.2)年和(15.0±5.4)年。临床表现为手足搐搦伴癫痫样发作、颅内钙化各5例, 白内障1例, 听力减退4例, 肾脏畸形或缺如2例。治疗前血钙和血甲状旁腺激素(PTH)分别为(1.65±0.31)mmol/L和(4.64±2.63)ng/L。5例患者GATA3基因的杂合变异, 分别引起无义突变、移码突变和剪接位点突变, 经Clin Var数据库预测及美国医学遗传学和基因组学学会(...     

水凝胶化成人甲状旁腺细胞形态和功能的观察

目的 探索水凝胶为载体包裹甲状旁腺细胞的可行性.方法 复苏冻存的成人甲状旁腺细胞并培养,待细胞足量后,消化、离心、吹打得单细胞悬液,将壳聚糖溶液、交联剂、细胞悬液按比例混合制得水凝胶,加培养液后于37℃恒温箱中培养,隔日留取培养液上清检测甲状旁腺激素含量,并对凝胶内细胞染色观察细胞状态.结果 成功复苏并培养成人甲状旁腺细胞,细胞贴壁生长呈梭形;水凝胶成胶时间＜1 min;荧光扫描结果显示24 h后胶内活细胞比例＞90％,连续观察3d,比例没有发生明显改变;培养液中均检测到甲状旁腺激素.结论 水凝胶化的成人甲状旁腺细胞操作简单,甲状旁腺细胞被水凝胶包裹后,不仅能够维持细胞的正常形态,且能够稳定释放甲状旁腺激素,有成为细胞载体并应用于移植治疗甲状旁腺功能减退症的可能.     

Impact of incidental parathyroidectomy and mediastinal-recurrent cellular and lymph-node dissection on parathyroid function after total thyroidectomy

ObjectivesTo determine the impact of incidental parathyroidectomy and mediastinal-recurrent cellular and lymph-node dissection on parathyroid function after total thyroidectomy.Material and methodsA single-center retrospective study was conducted for a 5-year period in a university hospital center, including 605 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy, 52 of whom had mediastinal-recurrent cellular and lymph-node dissection.EndpointsThe main endpoint was intraoperative number of parathyroid glands as predictor of parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and postoperative hypocalcemia. The secondary endpoint was the correlation between associated mediastinal-recurrent cellular and lymph-node dissection and incidental parathyroidectomy and its impact on PTH level and calcemia in the immediate postoperative period and at 1 month.Results161 patients (26.61%) showed hypocalcemia in the immediate postoperative period and 12 (1.98%) at 1 month. Mediastinal-recurrent cellular and lymph-node dissection increased incidental parathyroidectomy risk 4.6-fold. Mediastinal-recurrent cellular and lymph-node dissection was associated with a statistically “suggestive” decrease in day-1 calcemia (P = 0.03), and no significant decrease at 1 month (P = 0.52). Incidental parathyroidectomy (6.7% of cases with parathyroidectomy versus 1.3% without) did not significantly increase the rate of early hypocalcemia (P = 0.28), but was associated with a “suggestive” worsening at 1 month (P = 0.02).ConclusionHypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy is a complex, probably multifactorial issue. Systematic parathyroid gland identification is not recommended due to the increased risk of gland lesion, mainly by devascularization. Incidental parathyroidectomy may induce hypocalcemia at 1 month postoperatively (statistically “suggestive” association).     

Resumen ejecutivo del documento de consenso SEORL CCC-SEEN sobre hipoparatiroidismo postiroidectomía

Hypoparathyroidism is the most common complication after total or completion thyroidectomy. It is defined as the presence of hypocalcemia accompanied by low or inappropriately normal parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Acute hypocalcemia is a potential lethal complication. Hypocalcemia treatment is based on endovenous or oral calcium supplements as well as oral calcitriol, depending on the severity of the symptoms. The risk of clinical hypocalcemia after bilateral thyroidectomy is considered very low if postoperative intact PTH decrease less than 80% with respect to preoperative levels. These patients could be discharged home without treatment, although this threshold may vary between institutions, and we recommend close surveillance in cases with increased risk (Graves disease, large goiters, reinterventions or evidence of parathyroid gland removal). Long-term treatment objectives are to control the symptoms and to keep serum calcium levels at the lower limit of the normal range, while preserving the calcium phosphate product and avoiding hypercalciuria.     

伴肌酸激酶升高的甲状腺功能减退症和急性心肌梗死的对比分析

目的对比分析伴有肌酸激酶升高的甲状腺功能减退症和急性心肌梗死的临床特点,为鉴别诊断提供帮助。方法对15例甲状腺功能减退症伴肌酸激酶升高患者及33例急性心肌梗死患者进行了回顾性对比分析。结果伴肌酸激酶升高的甲状腺功能减退症主要发生于中年人,以女性为主,而急性心肌梗死主要好发于老年人,本组资料中男女发病率相近(P<0.05);与后者相比,前者合并高血压病更少(P<0.01),胸痛/胸闷症状更少(P<0.05),脉搏相对更慢(P<0.01),贫血(P<0.01)和浮肿(P<0.01)的发生率更高,血脂以胆固醇升高更明显(P<0.05),心包积液发生率更高(P<0.01),发生左室舒张功能降低更少(P<0.05)。结论甲状腺功能减退症的临床表现高度多样化,与急性心肌梗死在治疗和预后方面有显著不同。