Acute toxicity of cyclohexylmethylphosphonofluoridate (CMPF) in rhesus monkeys: serum biochemical and hematologic changes

 Changes in serum biochemical and hematological parameters were studied in 20 male rhesus monkeys following acute poisoning by the organophosphate nerve agent cyclohexylmethylphosphonofluoridate (CMPF or GF). Animals were challenged with 5×LD50 GF (233 μg/kg, IM) following pretreatment with pyridostigmine (0.3–0.7 mg/kg per 24 h) and treated with atropine (0.4 mg/kg, IM) and either 2-PAM (25.7 mg/kg, IM) or HI6 (37.8 mg/kg, IM) at the onset of clinical signs or at 1 min after exposure. Muscle fasciculations, tremors, or convulsions occurred in 19 of 20 animals. Serum biochemical and hematologic parameters were analyzed 2 days and 7 days after exposure and compared to pre-exposure baseline values. Significant increases in creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and potassium ion (K⁺), associated with damage to striated muscle and metabolic acidosis, occurred in both oxime-treated groups 2 days after exposure. Total protein, albumin, red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct), were decreased in both oxime-treated groups at 7 days. The results demonstrate that animals exposed to a single high dose of GF and treated with standard therapy exhibit changes in serum biochemical and hematological indices directly and indirectly associated with their clinical presentations. Received: 15 November 1993 / Accepted: 29 August 1994     

双语教学模式在血液学临床实习中的尝试与问题分析

采用血液专科理论、临床实践及双语教学相结合的临床实习模式,使医学生能较熟练地运用医学英语,进行血液内科知识的学习与交流,改进了临床实习方法,提高了教学质量,增强了学生综合素质。在临床实习中引入双语教学模式对培养学生临床能力和专业英语水平有重要意义,值得推广。     

新鲜血液样本在不同血液分析仪上进行室内质控的探讨

目的 :探讨使用新鲜血液样本在不同血液分析仪上进行室内质控的方法。方法 :选用CD 16 0 0型血液分析仪做参考机 ,用同一份新鲜血液样本在参考机上测定后 ,用CD 35 0 0型血液分析仪、K 45 0 0型血液分析仪、CA6 2 0型血液分析仪进行测定 ,将结果与参考机结果进行比较 ,以相差百分比绘制质控图 ,根据标准判断结果是否出控。结果 :各型血液分析仪检测结果可达到以下要求 :RBC :CD 16 0 0所测结果± 4% ,WBC :CD 16 0 0所测结果± 6 % ,HGB :CD 16 0 0所测结果± 3% ,PLT :CD 16 0 0所测结果± 13%。结论 :利用新鲜血液样本在不同仪器上进行室内质控 ,是一项简便易行的质控方法     

日本光电MEK—5108K血球计数仪系统介绍及使用维护

本文着重介绍日本光电MEK－5108K血球计数仪的结构，性能及使用，维护方法。     

血液病教学中循证医学原则的应用

在血液病学的临床教学工作中,通过应用循证医学原则,提高了学员对疾病的诊断和治疗策略制定过程的认识,同时也锻炼其临床逻辑思维能力。     

自体输血的实验研究

目的 观察体腔血自体回输对凝血纤溶功能的影响和肝肾功能的变化,以及预存自体血回输患者血液学参数的变化,为临床应用提供参考依据。方法 (1)选择内出血病例30例,随机分为两组、组1(n=15)回输自体血600ml～2600ml,另加库存血300ml～1000ml;组2(n=15)输库存血600ml～1600ml。在术前、术后即刻(组2术终)和术后48h采集静脉血标本,测定红细胞(RBC)和血小板(Plt)计数;纤维蛋白原(Fbg)、红细胞球压积(Hct)、游离血红蛋白(FHb)、血小板最大聚集率(Plt-MAR);白陶土部分凝血活酶时间(KPTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT);优球蛋白溶解时间(ELT)和硫酸鱼精蛋白副凝固试验(3P)等各项指标,同时观察体腔血及其过滤后上述指标的变化;术后48h测定谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、肌酐(Cr)、血尿素氮(BuN)和血钾含量。(2)选择择期手术患者138例,在采血前、后,回输后3d、7d采集血标本,测定RBC、Plt、白细胞(WBC)计数、Hct和Hb。结果 体腔血不凝固,RBC、Fbg和Plt显著下降(P<0.01),Hct显著降低(P<0.05),FHb显著升高(P<0.01),Plt-MAR不聚集;PT、TT超过200s,KPTT超过300s;ELT无反应,3P阴性。体腔血回输后RBC、Hct增高,但无统计学差异。FHb升高,KPTT显著延长(P<0.01),Plt、Fbg显著下降(P<0.05),PT、TT显著延长(P<0.05),Plt-MAR、ELT、3