光动力疗法中不同激光条件癌肿杀伤效果的比较

本文报告应用两种不同波长激光为 PDT(光动疗法)的激光源,对小鼠移植肿瘤进行杀伤实验。结果表明:在相同光剂量下,HPD—氩离子泵浦的染料激光(波长6 300(?))对肿瘤杀伤的效果强于 HPD—氩离子激光(波长5 145(?))(P<0.01);同一波长激光在光剂量相同时,采用不同的瞬间功率,对肿瘤杀伤的效果相同(P>0.20)。     

Quantitative and comparative study of haematoporphyrin-derived photosensitizers on a murine tumour model

Eight commercially available HPD-photosensitizers intended for photodynamic therapy were tested in a murine tumour model with regard to their therapeutic efficacy. The regrowth delay of the fibrosarcoma SSK-2 on the mouse C3H, Neuherberg-line, was determined 3, 24, 48 and 72 h after injection of the drugs (dose: 9 mg kg^–1 body weight). The corresponding pharmacodynamics, as measured by regrowth delay, were approximated by an exponential function and the characterizing coefficients derived. These coefficients served to quantify the photodynamic properties of the drugs.The pharmacodynamics of five substances were compared with those obtained fluorometrically. The latter showed shorter decay constants than the therapy-correlated substances which indicates different metabolic behaviour of the therapeutic and diagnostically useful fluorescent components of haematoporphyrin-derived photosensitizers.     

Evaluating the effect of training along with fit testing on earmuff users in a Chinese textile factory

A hearing protection fit testing was conducted on workers (n = 189) in a textile factory in southern China. The 3M E-A-Rfit Dual-Ear Validation System was used to measure the personal attenuation rating (PAR) on an over-the-head style earmuff at the work site. In addition, PARs were obtained several times throughout the same work shift to capture different fits on 39 workers. Follow-up visits were conducted in approximate 6-month or 12-month intervals to repeat the fit testing. Both the immediate and residual effects of training on the field attenuation of hearing protection devices obtained by workers, and the effects of training toward improving the attenuation and protection of earmuffs after a period of daily use, were observed. A questionnaire survey was used to assess the awareness of hearing health and motivation toward the use of earmuffs in a high temperature environment. The results showed that there were wide variations in PARs among the workers tested. The one-on-one training together with fit testing improved PAR and helped to reduce the negative impact caused by use of protective hair covers. Since earmuffs are often used for long periods of time (>1 year), repeating fit tests could be helpful in order to verify the attenuation received throughout their useful life.     

Microsurgical technique used in right anterior segmentectomy and pancreatoduodenectomy with reconstruction of the right posterior hepatic artery for widespread bile duct cancer involving the hepatic hilus

A microsurgical technique was used in performing anterior hepatic segmentectomy and pancreatoduodenectomy with reconstruction of the posterior hepatic artery in a 64-year-old man with widespread bile duct cancer from the intrapancreatic bile duct over the hepatic hilus. The anterior hepatic artery was obviously involved and the posterior hepatic artery just behind common hepatic duct was very close to the cancer. Microsurgical anastomosis between the remnant gastroduodenal artery and the posterior hepatic artery at the hepatic hilus made it possible to preserve the posterior segment of the liver and to perform a curative resection of the cancer. The patient had pyrexia because of suprahepatic abscess after the operation, but the abscess drained spontaneously. Postoperative arteriogram showed neither obstruction nor kinking of the reconstructed artery. He was discharged 2 months after surgery and has been enjoying a normal quality of life for 10 months since, with no signs of recurrence. It is suggested that a microsurgical technique is useful for performing an accurate anastomosis with good patency that allows not only a safe but also a highly curative operation for advanced bile duct cancer.     

血卟啉衍生物（HPD）加光照对无细胞体系DNA合成的抑制作用

本文从腹水型肝癌细胞部分纯化了依赖于ＤＮＡ的ＤＮＡ聚合酶ａ，以热变性的小牛胸腺ＤＮＡ为模板，观察了ＨＰＤ的光敏效应对这－ＤＮＡ合成体系的影响。结果表明，单独的ＨＰＤ或光照对无细胞体系ＤＮＡ合成无细胞；而既用ＨＰＤ处理，又经光照后的ＤＮＡ合成系统表现出明显的抑制作用。此抑制作用呈显著的剂量和时间的依赖效应关系。ＨＰＤ的光敏反应与ＤＮＡ模板非竞争性地作用于酶。增加模板量不能使抑制作用逆转；而增加酶量可     

血卟啉衍生物与胃癌单抗交联物在荷瘤裸鼠体内的药动学

在荷瘤裸鼠体内观察了胃癌单抗和血卟啉衍生物(~3H-HPD)交联物3H11-~3H-HPD与游离~3H-HPD的药代动力学。血药浓度曲线符合三室模型,交联物的T1/2明显长于~3H-HPD,消除速率常数也以交联物的参数较高,表观分布容积则交联物组参数低于游离~3H-HPD。结果显示了交联物大分子的药动学特点。经测定3H11-~3H-HPD和~3H-HPD在瘤、肝、皮、肌中的含量表明,肿瘤中交联物的含量和瘤/肝比值均高于~3H-HPD组,表明交联物对靶细胞的导向作用。交联物在皮肤和肌肉中的含量低于~3H-HPD,预示采用交联物进行光敏导向治疗时会减轻皮肤光敏反应。     

激光诱导光动力效应对人癌细胞株及脐血单个核细胞体外作用的比较

目的　研究激光诱导的光动力效应对人癌细胞株的体外杀伤作用及对脐血单个核细胞的影响 ,以探讨自体外周血造血干细胞移植物的体外净化方法。方法　通过MTT法测定观察不同剂量光敏剂 (血卟啉衍生物 ,HPD)经激光照射不同时间后 ,对人白血病细胞株K5 62、乳腺癌细胞株MCF -7及脐血单个核细胞生长抑制作用的影响。结果　单纯光照对 3种细胞均无明显作用 ;单纯加光敏剂对K5 62细胞及MCF -7细胞有一定的抑制生长作用 ;激光照射加光敏剂可显著抑制K5 62细胞及MCF -7细胞的生长 ,且具有时间及浓度依赖性 ,但对脐血单个核细胞则无明显抑制作用。其细胞抑制率依次为K5 62细胞 >MCF -7细胞 >脐血单个核细胞。结论　激光诱导的光动力效应可能为恶性血液病或实体瘤患者的自体外周血造血干细胞移植物体外净化提供简便、有效且经济的方法 ,值得临床推广、应用。     

胃癌的光动力治疗进展

本文就胃癌的PDT治疗及其最新进展作一综述。     

血卟啉衍生物一激光技术诊断和治疗恶性肿瘤的临床研究

本文总结了应用光敏技术治疗１２例不同类型癌肿的疗效，取得９１．７％的有效率，其中消化道肿瘤８８．８％．文中结合文献资料进一步分析了光动力学技术诊治恶性肿瘤的重要价值．认为血卟啉一激光光动力学技术不失为一种治疗早期肿瘤和控制晚期肿瘤发展、延缓患者生命并减少其痛苦的有效手段.     

血卟啉衍生物PSD—007加X线照射治疗小鼠H_(22)肝癌移植瘤

本实验结果表明PSD-007加X线照射联合作用可明显加速瘤体缩小,疗效为单纯照射的1.44倍。联合作用组瘤细胞退变、坏死显著加重,可见大量退变瘤巨细胞;瘤细胞膜相结构损伤重并且出现早,提示膜相结构可能是PSD-007增敏作用的重要靶点。