复方珍珠口服液的临床研究

复方珍珠口服液由珍珠、黄精、枸杞子、何首乌、熟地黄等多种补益中药材组成,提取制备而成的口服液,经临床144例验证表明,该口服液具有滋补肝肾、养血活颜、延缓衰老的功能。对肝肾两虚、头晕眼花、健忘、夜尿、病后体弱,高胆固醇、高血压症有较好的疗效;其中治疗肾虚证总有效率为95.83％,治疗高血压症总有效率为80.9％,治疗高胆固醇总有效率为71.47％。     

中药骨康对去睾大鼠骨质疏松的防治作用

为探讨补肾活血类中药骨康口服液对去睾大鼠所造成的骨质疏松的影响 ,通过切除大鼠睾丸造骨质疏松模型 ,观察了不同剂量中药骨康口服液对该模型大鼠骨面密度 ( ρA ,bone)、骨矿含量 (mM ,bone)及股骨骨生物力学的影响 ,并与特乐定作阳性对照。结果 :中药骨康高、中剂量防治的去睾大鼠股骨扭转试验最大扭矩及血睾酮 (T)含量 ( ρT ,bl)高于模型组 (P <0 .0 5和P <0 .0 1) ,高、中、低剂量组全身及左、右股骨ρA ,bone、mM ,bone高于模型组 (P <0 .0 5 )。提示骨康口服液能提高去睾大鼠血睾酮含量、骨的骨矿含量及骨密度 ,改善骨组织的生物力学性能 ,避免骨折的发生。为中药骨康口服液防治老年男性骨质疏松症提供实验依据。     

脑脉通口服液治疗急性缺血性中风的实验研究

脑脉通口服液（ 由制大黄、水蛭、川芎、三七、瓜蒌、石菖蒲、枳实、川朴、葛根等组成） 为山东中医药大学附属医院临床治疗急性缺血性中风的有效制剂。为探讨其药理学机制, 观察了不同剂量组脑脉通口服液对结扎大鼠双颈总动脉造成的不完全性脑缺血实验模型的保护作用。结果表明, 脑脉通可以减轻大鼠脑毛细血管通透性, 减轻脑水肿（ Ｐ＜０ ．０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ; 延长断头小鼠脑功能维持时间（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０．０１ ） ; 对二磷酸腺苷（ＡＤＰ） 诱发的大鼠血小板聚集及血栓性死亡呈拮抗作用（ Ｐ＜ ０．０５ 或Ｐ＜ ０．０１） 。本研究结果为脑脉通口服液临床治疗急性缺血性中风提供实验依据     

Improved Fracture Risk Assessment Based on Nonlinear Micro‐Finite Element Simulations From HRpQCT Images at the Distal Radius

More accurate techniques to estimate fracture risk could help reduce the burden of fractures in postmenopausal women. Although micro‐finite element (µFE) simulations allow a direct assessment of bone mechanical performance, in this first clinical study we investigated whether the additional information obtained using geometrically and materially nonlinear µFE simulations allows a better discrimination between fracture cases and controls. We used patient data and high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) measurements from our previous clinical study on fracture risk, which compared 100 postmenopausal women with a distal forearm fracture to 105 controls. Analyzing these data with the nonlinear µFE simulations, the odds ratio (OR) for the factor‐of‐risk (yield load divided by the expected fall load) was marginally higher (1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41–2.77) than for the factor‐of‐risk computed from linear µFE (1.89; 95% CI, 1.37–2.69). The yield load and the energy absorbed up to the yield point as computed from nonlinear µFE were highly correlated with the initial stiffness (R² = 0.97 and 0.94, respectively) and could therefore be derived from linear simulations with little loss in precision. However, yield deformation was not related to any other measurement performed and was itself a good predictor of fracture risk (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.39–2.63). Moreover, a combined risk score integrating information on relative bone strength (yield load‐based factor‐of‐risk), bone ductility (yield deformation), and the structural integrity of the bone under critical loads (cortical plastic volume) improved the separation of cases and controls by one‐third (OR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.84–4.02). We therefore conclude that nonlinear µFE simulations provide important additional information on the risk of distal forearm fractures not accessible from linear µFE nor from other techniques assessing bone microstructure, density, or mass. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.     

Increased cortical porosity in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women with fragility fractures

The primary goal of this study was to assess peripheral bone microarchitecture and strength in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes with fragility fractures (DMFx) and to compare them with postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetics without fractures (DM). Secondary goals were to assess differences in nondiabetic postmenopausal women with fragility fractures (Fx) and nondiabetic postmenopausal women without fragility fractures (Co), and in DM and Co women. Eighty women (mean age 61.3 ± 5.7 years) were recruited into these four groups (DMFx, DM, Fx, and Co; n = 20 per group). Participants underwent dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) and high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR‐pQCT) of the ultradistal and distal radius and tibia. In the HR‐pQCT images volumetric bone mineral density and cortical and trabecular structure measures, including cortical porosity, were calculated. Bone strength was estimated using micro–finite element analysis (µFEA). Differential strength estimates were obtained with and without open cortical pores. At the ultradistal and distal tibia, DMFx had greater intracortical pore volume (+52.6%, p = 0.009; +95.4%, p = 0.020), relative porosity (+58.1%, p = 0.005; +87.9%, p = 0.011) and endocortical bone surface (+10.9%, p = 0.031; +11.5%, p = 0.019) than DM. At the distal radius DMFx had 4.7‐fold greater relative porosity (p < 0.0001) than DM. At the ultradistal radius, intracortical pore volume was significantly higher in DMFx than DM (+67.8%, p = 0.018). DMFx also displayed larger trabecular heterogeneity (ultradistal radius: +36.8%, p = 0.035), and lower total and cortical BMD (ultradistal tibia: ?12.6%, p = 0.031; ?6.8%, p = 0.011) than DM. DMFx exhibited significantly higher pore‐related deficits in stiffness, failure load, and cortical load fraction at the ultradistal and distal tibia, and the distal radius than DM. Comparing nondiabetic Fx and Co, we only found a nonsignificant trend with increase in pore volume (+38.9%, p = 0.060) at the ultradistal radius. The results of our study suggest that severe deficits in cortical bone quality are responsible for fragility fractures in postmenopausal diabetic women. © 2013 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research     

脾虚小鼠脏器组织学变化及强肌健力口服液的修复作用

【目的】观察脾虚证模型小鼠肝、脾、肾、胸腺等脏器组织形态学的变化及强肌健力口服液对其修复作用。【方法】将健康雄性NIH小鼠40只随机分为正常对照组、脾虚模型组、强肌健力口服液组和四君子汤组;除正常组外,其他3组均采用腹腔注射利血平法复制脾虚模型,强肌健力口服液组与四君子汤组均按26 g.kg-1.d-1剂量灌胃给药,其他2组灌服等容积蒸馏水,连续21 d;最后1次给药后12 h,各组动物称体质量,取肝、肾、脾、胸腺进行组织病理学观察。【结果】模型组小鼠体质量下降,肝、肾、脾、胸腺均有不同程度的组织损伤;强肌健力口服液与四君子汤均能使模型小鼠体质量增加,使已遭损伤的各脏器组织得以修复。【结论】脾虚模型小鼠的肝、脾、肾、胸腺均呈现不同程度的损伤,而健脾方药对其具有修复作用,验证了《内经》有关“脾主身之肌肉,”“脾为孤脏,中央土以灌四傍”的理论。     

高效液相色谱法测定瘿气灵片中甲巯咪唑的含量

[目的]建立复方中药制剂瘿气灵片中甲巯咪唑的含量测定方法。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定的色谱条件是色谱柱为C18 Gravity 5μm(4.6mm×250mm);流动相为V早醇:V水=10:90;流速为1.0mL／min;检测波长为258 nm。[结果]甲巯咪唑在0.16-0.64μg范围内有良好的线性关系;回归方程为Y=9.1393+54.9018X(r=0.99987);回收率为101.01％(相对标准差sR=2.21％);精密度试验的sR为1.04％;样品含量测定结果为0.4841 mg／片,sR=0.78％。[结论]HPLC法在上述色谱条件下测定瘿气灵片中甲巯咪唑含量是可行的。     

烟碱微透析回收率的体外测定方法及影响因素研究

【目的】研究利用浓差法中的减量法（即体内研究中的反向透析法）测定烟碱微透析回收率的可行性,并考察回收率测定中的相关影响因素,为烟碱的体内微透析研究提供实验依据。【方法】分别采用浓差法（增量法、减量法）测定烟碱的体外回收率,考察灌流液预处理及流速、浓度对其影响,并考察回收率的稳定性。【结果】滤过、搅拌能有效提高体外回收率,超声时间对回收率影响不大;增量法及减量法测定的回收率一致;回收率与媒介中烟碱的浓度无关,稳定性良好。【结论】实验时有必要滤过灌流液,对灌流液进行超声或以其他方式脱气。反向透析法可作为体内微透析研究中烟碱回收率的测定方法。     

主成分分析对佛手最佳产地的探讨

[目的]分析不同产地佛手中生物活性成分分布规律,探索佛手最佳产地的优选方法,以确定最佳产地.[方法]采用三维高效液相色谱法,梯度洗脱,测定17批不同产地佛手中5种生物活性成分(柠檬油素、6,7-二甲氧基香豆素、橙皮苷、5-羟基-7-甲氧基-8-异戊烯基香豆素、6-羟基-7-甲氧基香豆素)的含量,并对其进行主成分分析.[结果]所建模式合理,具有一定的可行性和可靠性,为探讨佛手最佳产地提供了一种新的方法.[结论]佛手最佳产地以广东肇庆为最佳.     

高效液相色谱法测定川芎不同炮制品中游离阿魏酸和总阿魏酸的含量

[目的] 测定并比较川芎不同炮制品中游离阿魏酸、总阿魏酸的含量.[方法] 采用超声提取法,以甲醇-甲酸(95:5,V/V)为游离阿魏酸的提取溶剂,以甲醇-20 g/L NaHCO3(95:5,V/V)为总阿魏酸的提取溶剂;采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定,色谱条件为:Diamonsil C18分析柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-体积分数1%冰醋酸(20:80,V/V);检测波长:320 nm;流速:1.0 mL/min;柱温:室温.[结果] 酒炙川芎的游离阿魏酸和总阿魏酸含量均高于生品及制川芎.川芎生品与不同制品水煎液中阿魏酸含量均高于其游离阿魏酸含量.[结论] 本研究含量测定方法简便、准确,可用于川芎及其炮制品中阿魏酸含量的测定研究;测定川芎中总阿魏酸的含量更能反映川芎的质量.