某部性病基本知识调查分析

目的　探讨部队性病防治情况。方法　设计 10个与性病有关的问题 ,对随机抽样某师 4个营官兵现场无记名调查。结果　有关性病的基本知识已被大部分官兵所认知 ,但也有一部分官兵对性病缺乏了解 ,甚至误解。结论　在官兵中加强性病基本知识的宣传 ,强调性病的危害对部队防治性病很有必要。     

谈军人病区文化建设

部队基层文化和医院文化都受到越来越多的重视。军人病区作为部队医院为部队服务的一个特殊单元,建设军人病区文化,促进伤病员的身心健康和早日康复,保障部队战斗力,提高部队满意度,本院作了一些初步的尝试和探索。     

Immune responses to Campylobacter (C. jejuni or C. coli) infections: a two‐year study of US forces deployed to Thailand

Campylobacter spp. is a leading cause of diarrheal disease among US troops deployed to Thailand for exercise. We investigated the importance of immunological analysis and immune responses against Campylobacter infection in US troops deployed to Thailand. Blood and fecal samples were collected from volunteered soldiers with diarrhea and from healthy controls. Stool culture was performed to identify the pathogens. Campylobacter‐specific antibodies, antibody secreting cells and cytokines were measured. Several bacterial protein fragments in the outer membrane extract of Campylobacter spp., were identified by an immunoblot analysis with plasma and fecal antibodies. Among all of the diarrheal cases, 35% were Campylobacter‐positive. Based on antibody titers in plasma and in fecal extract and antibody secreting cells: 6% of healthy controls, 32% of the Campylobacter culture‐negative diarrheal cases, and 85% of the Campylobacter culture‐positive diarrheal cases were positive for Campylobacter. Our results indicate that the measurement of Campylobacter‐specific antibodies in plasma and fecal extract samples is a good marker of exposure to Campylobacter, and this test may be a useful diagnostic tool for seroepidemiological studies. Elicited antibodies against several bacterial outer membrane protein fragments suggest that these protein fragments are vital in providing protective immunity against Campylobacter.     

高原某部驻训官兵健康教育需求分析

 目的 了解高原官兵健康教育需求情况,为健康教育方案提供科学依据。方法 采用随机抽样法选择四川省阿坝州红原县某部官兵423名为研究对象进行问卷调查,内容包括高原卫生、高原防护等相关知识的掌握情况,官兵对健康教育的需求和喜好方式,并对结果进行比对分析。结果 所有驻训官兵对健康基本知识较为熟悉,但对高原疾病预防的掌握程度较差;在各项知识的掌握程度上,老兵较熟悉健康基本知识(53.2%)及高原训练伤知识(31.2%),明显高于新兵的47.4%和22.7%。新兵和老兵在健康教育的需求及获得方式上均有所不同。结论 高原官兵对健康教育需求迫切,应有针对性地开展官兵易于接受的健康教育。     

某部队官兵艾滋病知识、态度和行为调查分析

目的了解部队官兵对艾滋病认知、态度和行为现况,为部队开展相关艾滋病知识健康教育提供依据。方法自行设计艾滋病调查问卷.共对617名官兵进行艾滋病认知态度和行为调查。结果本次共调查官兵617人,艾滋病总体知晓率仅为45.87%;对艾滋病病毒感染者及病人反歧视占38.57%;与暗娼发生过性行为的28人(5.57%);与同性发生性行为者6人(1.02%)。结论官兵对艾滋病知识的知晓率不高,对艾滋病患者的歧视严重,艾滋病的高危行为发生率低,但是安全套使用率不高。     

全训部队眼外伤流行病学调查

目的了解我军全训部队官兵眼外伤的流行病学特征、救治、预后以及基层医疗机构眼外伤救治能力。方法在我军11个军事训练伤监测网点(涵盖所有军区和多个兵种)分别培训调查员,收集2010-10-01—2011-09-30新发军人眼外伤病例资料。结果我军全训部队眼外伤发病率为1.83/1000人年,住院率为0.84/1000人年,发病年龄前3位为20、21、19岁,中位数为22岁,平均年龄24.8±53.28(18³5)岁,全为男性,士官所占比例最高(44.52%),6、7、9、10月份发病较多(14.38%,11.64%,12.33%,15.07%),受伤地点最多为训练场(39.73%),致伤原因多为暴力伤害(43.15%),致伤物主要为钝器(81.51%),主要是单眼受伤(90.41%)。眼外伤类型主要为机械性眼外伤(95.21%),眼球外伤94例(64.38%),合并眼附属器外伤(17.81%),单纯眼附属器损伤(35.62%)。在训练伤监测点进行治疗的者54.11%,转诊后送医院住院治疗者67例,占45.89%。手术治疗占25.34%,药物治疗占74.66%。经治疗痊愈归队占87.67%,由后送医院转上级医院治疗占4.11%,未能痊愈遗留不同程度问题者12例占8.22%。结论我军全训部队官兵眼外伤总体发病不高但住院率高,流行病学特征为年轻士兵和士官、训练场、夏秋季多发,机械性眼外伤为主,能及时就诊得到救治和转诊。     

基层官兵心肺复苏技能调查与培训效果分析

目的调查基层官兵心肺复苏（CPR）技能的掌握现状,并对培训效果进行分析。方法随机抽取500名官兵进行CPR相关问卷调查,并对276名骨干进行CPR知识技能培训,培训前后进行理论及技能考核。结果基层官兵对CPR的掌握率仅为2.4%,骨干培训后CPR理论及技能成绩显著提高（P均〈0.01）,培训前官兵CPR理论及技能成绩与文化程度相关,学历高者对CPR的掌握明显高于学历低者,差异有统计学意义,而培训后差别不再显著。最为官兵认可的培训方式为应用模拟人进行情景培训。结论在基层官兵中开展以情景模式为主的CPR培训十分必要,且效果良好。     

2011~2012年桓台县基层医疗机构消毒质量监测

目的 了解桓台县基层医疗机构消毒质量现状,提高消毒管理水平。方法 对2011~2012年桓台县辖区内基层医疗机构的室内空气、物体表面、医护人员手、使用中消毒液进行消毒质量监测分析。结果 2011~2012年对桓台县辖区内基层医疗机构共计379家单位进行了消毒质量监测,共采集各类样品4 357份,合格2 773份,平均合格率为63.64%。各年合格率分别为61.60%、65.53%（P〈0.01）;室内空气、物体表面、医护人员手部、使用中消毒液合格率分别为57.83%、61.38%、66.93%、78.35%（P〈0.01）;镇卫生院、专科医院、个体诊所、村卫生室合格率分别为83.95%、83.78%、75.46%、53.49%（P〈0.01）。结论 桓台县基层医疗机构消毒质量水平总体偏低,尤其是村卫生室的消毒质量存在较大隐患。应通过加强消毒质量监督监测力度,强化对医务人员的消毒知识与医院感染控制培训,进一步加强消毒管理,以提高消毒质量水平。     

罗红霉素、地红霉素对寒区部队慢性鼻窦炎的疗效比较

 目的 探讨罗红霉素、地红霉素对寒区部队慢性鼻窦炎的治疗价值。方法 选择2016-09至2019-04寒区部队慢性鼻窦炎患者68例,根据用药方法分组,对照组以罗红霉素治疗,观察组以地红霉素治疗,比较两组治疗效果。结果 观察组治疗总有效率91.18%,对照组总有效率85.29%。观察组不良反应发生率11.11%,对照组不良反应发生率2.78%,两组之间无统计学差异(P>0.05),治疗后观察组鼻塞、头面部不适、嗅觉障碍等主观症状评分及鼻窦CT评分均明显低于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论 与罗红霉素相比,地红霉素可促使寒区部队慢性鼻窦炎患者症状显著改善,用药更为方便,且用药安全性高。     

雷达作业人员昼夜不同作业班次心率和心率变异性的变化

Objective To investigate the circadian changes of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) on radar operators in day and night shifts. Methods Twenty-one military radar operators were selected as subject. Their HR was gotten from continually electrocardiogram recorded by a biomedical monitoring system in four different working shifts (morning, afternoon, early night and late night) and HRV was analyzed. In addition, each shift was divided into four phases and the average HR of different phases in same shift was compared. Results There was significant difference of average HR among four shifts (F=7. 287, P＜0.01). The average HR in late night was significantly lower than that in other three shifts. Comparing with morning and afternoon shifts, high frequency normalized unit (HFNU) in late night shift was significantly increased (P＜0.05). Low frequency normalized unit (LFNU) in late night shift was significantly decreased comparing with those in morning and afternoon shifts (P＜0. 05). The average HR in different phase of a shift showed significant differences among morning, afternoon and early night shifts (F= 5. 480, 3. 150, 3. 850,P＜0. 05 or P＜0. 01), and gradually decreased with working time. However, there was no significant difference of average HR in different working phase of late night shift. Conclusions Circadian change would significantly influence the HR and some HRV indices of military radar operators.