Genomic Localization and Nucleotide Sequence of a lef-8 Gene of the Spodoptera Littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus

A gene similar to lef-8 of the Autographa californica (Ac) nucleopolyhedrovirus (MNPV) was identified in the Spodoptera littoralis (Spli) MNPV. The SpliMNPV lef-8-like gene was localized on the genomic map between 26.9 and 29 map units and is flanked by a chitinase gene and p47 gene. This gene arrangement differs from that of similar genes in the AcMNPV genome, where the lef-8 gene is located about 62 kbp from the chitinase gene and about 7 kbp from the p47 gene. Sequence analyses of the lef-8 gene revealed an ORF of 2730 nucleotides, predicted to encode a protein with M _r 104876. The putative protein is 60.9% identical to the AcMNPV LEF-8 and contains an identical sequence of a conserved motif of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Sequences downstream of the lef-8 gene contain two sequence repeats which resemble a repeated motif of the SpliMNPV enhancer element and other repetitive sequences from the viral genome. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Inheritance of male courtship sound characteristics inDrosophila littoralis

Males ofDrosophila littoralis vibrate their wings during courtship to deliver a love song. This consists of 25- to 50-ms-long pulses with a basic frequency of about 250–400 Hz, separated by 250- to 500-ms pauses. When recording the sounds of flies from several localities in Europe, we found that males of one strain from northern Finland displayed courtship sounds with an unusally low wing beat frequency (below 250 Hz). In a genetic analysis utilizing marker stocks, the anomalous frequency was found to be caused by genes on all major autosomes, the strongest factors being on the second chromosome. Interaction between genes on chromosome 2 and on the fused chromosome 3–4 was nonadditive. In low-frequency sounds, the number of cycles in the pulse (CN) was decreased, so that the length of the sound pulse (PL) remained more or less unchanged. We suggest that the genetically and physiologically most thoroughly controlled trait in the sound ofDrosophila littoralis is the length of the pulse.     

金针菇子实体多糖提取物对人肝癌SMMC—7721细胞的抑增殖作用

金针菇子实体经热水提取，乙醇沉淀，胰蛋白酶水解，Ｓｅｖａｇ法去除蛋白质，乙醇分级沉淀等处理得金针菇子实体多糖。研究了该多糖对人肝部ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１细胞生长曲线，有丝分裂指数及线粒体活性的影响。结果表明该多糖对体外培养的人肝癌ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１细胞具一定抑制作用。     

灵芝菌发酵培养基的优化及灵芝胞外多糖的分离纯化

用正交法研究了不同条件对灵芝菌生长影响,从中选出了灵芝 菌液体深层发酵的优化 培养基：葡萄糖 3.6%,蛋白胨 0.4%,pH 6.0,酵母膏 0.2%,KH2PO40.1%,MgSO 4· 7H2O 0.05%,Vit B1 0.005%,每升发酵液产干菌丝体 15.6 g,粗多糖 0.72 g。 经葡 聚糖凝胶层析对灵芝胞外多糖进行了分离纯化,共有 5 个组分,并用红外光谱、紫外光谱 ,气相色谱等手段进一步分析了灵芝胞外多糖的组成,结果表明灵芝胞外多糖系由甘露糖、 果糖、葡萄糖通过糖 β-D 糖苷键构成。     

北沙参钻心虫发生规律及防治研究

北沙参是河北省安国市种植的重要药材,近年受北沙参钻心虫为害,严重影响北沙参的产量和品质,钻心虫和幼虫集中在沙参生长点为害心叶,钻蛀根茎。１年发生四代,以幼虫在叶柄基部内侧结茧化蛹越冬。一、四代幼虫数量大,影响产量严重。提出用２０００倍的“１６０５”乳剂进行防治,效果在９０％以上,有效地控制其为害,使北沙参的产量增产４成以上。     

裂褶菌胞外多糖发酵条件的研究

通过单因子试验和正交试验确定了裂褶菌产糖的最优培养基配方为葡萄糖45g/L,酵母膏3g/L, KH2PO4 0.5 g/L,MgSO4 ·7H2O0.5 g/L;最适发酵条件为接种龄66 h,接种量10％,培养温度27℃,装液量20％,初 始pH6。得到摇瓶条件下菌体最大得率20.75 g/L,胞外粗多糖最大得率2.7015g/L,其中纯糖含量为90％。     

地涌金莲的化学成分

目的 研究地涌金莲Musella lasiocarpa全草中的化学成分。方法 用甲醇室温浸提,溶剂萃取分段,硅胶柱层析分离纯化,波谱分析鉴定结构,体外换菌实验测试抗菌活性。结果 从该植物中全草中分离出4个phenylphenalenone型化合物,通过波谱分析将其分别鉴定为：2-hydroxy-9-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-phenalen-1-one(Ⅰ）、2-methoxy-9-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-phenalen-1-one(Ⅱ）、2-hydroxy-9-phenylpehenalen-1-one(Ⅲ）和2－methoxy-9phenylphenalen-1-one(Ⅳ）。抗菌实验表明,化合物Ⅱ对蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）的生长具有抑制作用。此外从该植物中还获得豆甾醇、豆甾醇葡萄糖苷和1个长链脂肪酸的混合物。结论 4个phenylphenalenkone型化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

灵芝孢子油体内抗Friend鼠白血病病毒的实验研究

目的探讨灵芝孢子油体内抗Friend鼠白血病病毒(Friend murine leukemia virus,Fr.MuLV)感染的疗效和作用机制。方法用Fr.MuLV感染BALB/C雌性小鼠,造模小鼠ig给药21d,比较各组动物的体质量、脾指数、胸腺指数,CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+等指标变化情况。结果小鼠感染Fr.MuLV后体质量严重减轻,脾明显肿大,胸腺萎缩,CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+值均显著降低。灵芝孢子油50、100、200mg/kg剂量均可显著改善体质量增长抑制、脾肿大及胸腺萎缩(P0.01),100、200mg/kg剂量组CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+值均有明显升高(P0.01、0.05)。结论灵芝孢子油对Fr.MuLV感染小鼠有保护作用,能够改善体质量增长抑制,抑制脾肿大及胸腺萎缩,升高感染小鼠的T淋巴细胞。     

银叶树树叶中的黄酮类化合物

目的研究银叶树Heritieralittoralis D.的化学成分.方法利用硅胶柱层析进行分离和纯化,并通过波谱分析鉴定结构.结果从银叶树的叶子中分离鉴定了8个黄酮类化合物,分别为栎皮苷(quercitrin 1),槲皮素(quercetin 2),山柰酚-3-O-(6"-0-E-p-香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(kaempferol-3-O-(6"-O-E-p-coumroyl)-β-D-gluco-pyranoside 3),山柰酚(kaempferol 4),山柰苷(kaempferitrin5),杨梅黄酮(myricetin 6),圣草酚(eriodictyol 7)和儿茶素(catechin 8).结论化合物2-8首次从该植物中分离得到.     

响应面法结合满意度函数优化白囊耙齿菌发酵培养基

采用响应面法和满意度函数,以期望值作为响应值,提高白囊耙齿菌发酵的菌丝体干重以及胞内多糖、甘露醇、腺苷和蛋白质的含量.通过单因素法优化白囊耙齿菌发酵培养基中的碳、氮源和无机盐,然后进行部分因子试验考察培养基组分对菌株发酵的影响,并应用中心组合设计试验优化培养基,获得最佳培养基配方(%):乳糖2.94,酵母浸粉1.5,牛肉膏1.5,KH2PO4·3H2O 0.065,MgSO4·7H2O 0.06,NaCl 0.000 8,VB1 0.028 9.模型预测最佳培养基配方下白囊耙齿菌的发酵期望值为0.624,3次验证试验平均值为0.617 7,是优化前的5.27倍,与模型预测值间的误差为1.01%.