Bone mineral density changes after parathyroidectomy are dependent on biochemical profile

Background

Bone mineral density (BMD) has been found to improve after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. There are few data on the effect of PTX on BMD in normocalcemic and normohormonal primary hyperparathyroidism.

Relationship of "bleeding on probing" and "gingival index bleeding" as clinical parameters of gingival inflammation

Abstract Bleeding on probing (BOP) and the gingival index have been used to clinically characterize the degree of gingival inflammation. It is, however, unclear to what extent these parameters correlate to each other and to probing pocket depth (PD). The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the association between BOP and GI bleeding (scores of 2 and 3), as well as the relationship of these variables to PD, in a group of patients presenting with naturally-occurring gingivitis. Based on screening examinations of 125 subjects with at least 20 teeth, no more than 4 sites with PD over 6 mm, a BOP frequency of 30% or greater, and no systemic condition that would influence the inflammatory response, were selected. 2 weeks after screening they were examined at 6 sites per tooth for plaque index, GI, PD and BOP. A standardized pressure sensitive probe (Florida Probe) with 20 g probing force was used for BOP and PD measurements. In this population, means of 40.9% (S.E.= 1.36) BOP sites and 35.3% (S.E, = 1.81) GI bleeding sites per patient were found. A total of 20,008 sites ranging in PD up to 5.9 mm were evaluated; however, the majority of sites (19,723, 98.6%) presented with <4 mm PD. When sites were evaluated, BOP demonstrated a positive correlation with PD, whereas GI bleeding correlated with PH. For sites characterized by the absence of BOP as well as the absence of GI bleeding (scores 0 and 1), the highest % of agreement between the 2 indices (77.7%) was found in shallow sites (0.1–2 mm). In contrast, when sites presenting with both BOP and GI bleeding were analyzed, the highest % of agreement (85,4%) was found for sites with PD >4.0 mm. In this gingivitis population group, it appears that BOP and GI bleeding evaluate distinct inflammatory1 conditions of the gingival tissues, and the relationship between the 2 clinical parameters may vary according to PD at the individual site examined.     

Co-existence of glucagon- and substance P-like immunoreactivity in the chicken retina

This immunohistochemical study of chicken retina using flat-mounts shows that pancreatic glucagon- and substance P-like immunoreactive amacrine cells have more heterogeneous subpopulations than was previously understood to be the case. Using double-staining immunohistochemical procedures we demonstrate that a substantial proportion of all subtypes of glucagon-like immunoreactive cells contain substance P-like immunoreactivity and that the ratio of the amacrine cells containing both peptides to total immunoreactive cells varies according to position in the retinal and cell type. These results suggest that retinal cells may have different functions according to position or cell type.     

Agreement between CBNAAT,liquid culture and line probe assay for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and anti-tubercular drug resistance in extrapulmonary samples

PurposeCartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) has been endorsed by the WHO as the screening test for diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). In the present study we report the agreement between CBNAAT (Xpert MTB/RIF), liquid culture (LC) and line probe assay (LPA) for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and detection of drug resistance among EPTB cases.MethodsThe EP samples were subjected to CBNAAT (Xpert MTB/RIF, Cepheid, USA) and wherever possible, to LC (MGIT 960, Becton Dickinson, USA) followed sequentially by first line and second line-LPA (FL-LPA, SL-LPA, Hain Lifescience, Germany) on the isolates.ResultsTotal 566/4080 (13.9%) EP samples were detected positive for M. tuberculosis on CBNAAT. Aspirates from lymph nodes were most often positive (11/30; 36.6%), followed by pus (240/873; 27.5%) and CSF samples (166/104; 15.8%). The detection of M. tuberculosis was more in adults than children except in tissue biopsy samples. Rifampicin resistance was also higher among adults except CSF in which resistance was more in children. Total 185 of 566 (32.7%) CBNAAT positive and 770 of 3510 (21.9%) CBNAAT negative samples could be cultured of which 110/185 (59.4%) and 33/770 (4.3%) respectively turned positive. FL-LPA and SL-LPA of 143 culture isolates showed that 27 isolates had drug resistance, of which 3 (2.1%) were XDR, 11 (7.7%) were Pre-XDR (FQ) and 13 (9.1%) were MDR. Of these 27 resistant isolates, 12 were negative by CBNAAT and two were mislabeled as Rifampicin sensitive or indeterminate based on the unique RpoB gene mutation patterns on LPA. The positive and negative agreements between LC and CBNAAT for detection of M. tuberculosis were 67.1% and 92.7% respectively and between LPA and CBNAAT for rifampicin resistance detection were 98.9% and 92.9% respectively.ConclusionsFor EPTB, CBNAAT should be accompanied with LC wherever possible irrespective of the CBNAAT result.     

胃癌根治术后CT随诊的意义

复习３４ 例胃癌术后转移或复发的ＣＴ扫描所见,发现淋巴结转移１９ 例,肝脏转移８ 例,其它器官转移１０ 例,腹水征８ 例,局部肿块５ 例,其中残胃癌２ 例。３２ 例同期Ｂ超发现转移或复发１９ 例,１３ 例未见异常。１５ 例同期曾做ＧＩ及胃镜,发现吻合口复发１ 例,残胃癌２ 例。表明胃癌术后复发主要表现为淋巴结和脏器转移;ＣＴ扫描对转移征象检出较敏感     

天地欣(国产香菇多糖)配合化疗治疗中晚期胃肠道腺癌72例临床观察

用国产香菇多糖（天地欣）配合化疗治疗中晚期胃肠道腺癌40例与32例未加用香菇多糖的同种治疗病例比较发现，香菇多糖对增强患者的免疫功能很有效（P＜0．01），短期内对提高化疗的总缓解率帮助不大（P＞0．05），对降低化疗的毒副反应及改善生活质量有一定影响。香菇多糖（天地欣）的毒副反应小，疗效确切。